Nigerian Journal of Animal Production最新文献

{"title":"Growth performance and gut health of broilers fed Moringa oleifera and Azardiracta indica as an alternative to antibiotics","authors":"T. Olorungbohunmi","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3551","url":null,"abstract":"High usage of antibiotics has led to an increase in bacteria developing antibiotic resistance. A resistant strain of human pathogenic bacteria has been found in the non-curative usage of antibiotics for animal production. Moringa oleifera and Azardiracta indica are phytobiotics which have been proven to be natural, with no residual effect and are thought to be ideal for animal production. An experiment was conducted to determine the growth performance and gut health of broilers fed Moringa oleifera and neem Azardiracta indica as an alternative to antibiotics. Two hundred and ten day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted to seven dietary treatment groups of three replicates each. Each replicate had 10 birds. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The diets were T1- (positive control) diet with antibiotics (oxytetracyline); T2 - diet with 600g moringa leaf meal (MLM)/100kg feed; T3- diet with 600g neem leaf meal (NLM)/100kg feed; T4- diet with 50%(300g) MLM and 50% (300g) NLM/100kg feed; T5- diet with 75%(450g) MLM and 25% (150g) NLM/100kg feed; T6- diet with 25%(150g) MLM and 75% (450g) NLM/100kg feed; T7-(negative control) diet without any additive. Routine management and vaccination procedures were followed while fresh feed and water were supplied ad libitum. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. The feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio was determined, also the villus height and the crypth depth was measured. There was no significant difference observed in the weight gain of the birds, also no significant difference was observed in the feed intake. Treatment 3 (diet with 600g neem leaf meal (NLM)/100kg feed) had the lowest feed conversion ratio which was not significantly different from other treatments. Birds on diets supplemented with moringa and neem had an increased villus height and crypth depth, though not significantly different to other diets. The combination of plant extracts at different inclusions improved the villus height and crypth depth of broiler birds. The study showed that moringa and neem had antibiotic effect on growth performance and gut health of broilers. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000L'utilisation élevée d'antibiotiques a entraîné une augmentation du nombre de bactéries développant une résistance aux antibiotiques. Une souche résistante de bactéries pathogènes humaines a été trouvée dans l'utilisation non curative d'antibiotiques pour la production animale. Moringa oleifera et Azardiracta indica sont des phytobiotiques qui se sont avérés naturels, sans effet résiduel et qui sont considérés comme idéaux pour la production animale. Une expérience a été menée pour déterminer les performances de croissance et la santé intestinale des poulets nourris au Moringa oleifera et au neem Azardiracta indica comme alternative aux antibiotiques. Deux cent dix poussins à griller âgés d'un jour ont été répartis au hasard en sept groupes de traitement alimentaire de trois répétitions chacun. Chaque réplique avait 10","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73287193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolizable energy and nutrient digestibility by turkey fed diets containing shrimp waste as a replacement for fish meal","authors":"E. A. Adeyeye, O. Irekhore, A. Fafiolu, A. Amos, P. Idowu, A. Iyanda","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3540","url":null,"abstract":"The nutrition of turkeys involved the use of high crude protein corn-soybean based diets to achieve efficient feed conversion and improved growth. Unfortunately, the main protein sources used in turkey diets (fish meal and soybean meal) are very expensive hence there is a need to explore cheaper alternatives such as shrimp waste meal (SWM). It was hypothesized that Nigerian Indigenous turkeys could comfortably handle the residual chitin in SWM than the exotic breed due to their hardy nature. This study therefore seeks to investigate metabolizable energy values and apparent nutrient digestibility of diets containing varying inclusion of SWM (replacing fish meal) in the nutrition of growing turkeys. Four diets were formulated such that FM in the control diet (diet 1) was substituted by SWM at 150, 300 and 450g/kg (protein for protein) in diets 2, 3, and 4 respectively. Eighty-four weeks old mixed sex British United Turkeys (BUT) and 80 Nigerian Indigenous Turkeys (NIT) were allotted on weight equalization into four dietary treatments replicated four times with five turkeys per replicate in a 2 x4 factorial arrangement. The study was carried out in phases (starter, grower and finisher). Total faecal collection method was used for apparent, true nutrient digestibility and metabolizable energy values. Proximate composition of faecal samples was used to compute the apparent nutrient digestibility of dry matter, crude fibre, crude protein, ether extract and ash. At the starter phase, NIT recorded significant (P<0.05) higher values for ether extract (EE) and nitrogen free extract (NFE). Turkeys fed 450g/kg SWM recorded higher value (P<0.05) for EE. At the grower phase, higher (P<0.05) NFE recorded for NIT and higher Ash for BUT. Turkeys fed 300g/kg SWM recorded higher values (P<0.05) for DM and ash. At the finisher phase, only ash digestibility was significant (P<0.05) for breeds and levels of substitution. Higher value of AMEn was significantly (P<0.05) recorded for NIT as against BUT, the reverse was the case for TMEn. Substitution at 0g/kg had the higher values (P<0.05) for AME and TME and 150g/kg fed turkeys recorded the least value. At grower phase, BUT recorded higher (P<0.05) TMEn. At finisher phase, NIT recorded higher (P<0.05) AMEnbut lowerTMEn. Conclusively, the protein from FM can be safely substituted up to 150g/kg with the SWM protein without deleterious effects on nutrients and energy utilization of British United Turkeys (BUT) and Nigerian Indigenous Turkeys (NIT). \u0000  \u0000  \u0000La nutrition des dindes impliquait l'utilisation de régimes alimentaires à base de protéines bruts élevés pour obtenir une conversion efficace des aliments et une croissance améliorée.Malheureusement, les principales sources de protéines utilisées dans les régimes de Turquie (repas de poisson et farine de soja) sont donc nécessaires pour explorer des alternatives moins chères telles que le repas des déchets de crevette (RDC). Il a été hypothélé que les dindes indigènes ni","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81795947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoometric measurement parameters and its relationship with body weight in white Fulani calves under on-farm research environment","authors":"J. Ekpo, G. I. Christopher, U. Okon","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3522","url":null,"abstract":"The inability of farmers in the rural areas to effectively determine the weight of cattle due to the unavailability and unaffordability of measuring scales has been a major constraint in live weight determination of cattle for the market. Hence, the need for zoometric measurement of body parts. A total of seven white Fulani calves aged 14 days were used as the study material to investigate the zoometric measurement parameters and its relationship with bodyweight in White Fulani calves under on-farm study. The calves were allowed to graze with their mothers in the open field from 8:00am and 4:00pm local time. The animals were restrained before measurements were taken on them to avoid unnecessary stress. Body weight measurements were taken using a measuring scale while zoometric body parts were measured using a flexible tailor's tape. The experiment lasted nine months. The overall mean values for body weight, body length, body circumference, girth circumference, height at wither, neck circumference and neck length were 62.62±3.44kg, 28.97±0.34cm, 37.09±0.46cm, 36.53±0.36cm, 36.70±0.40cm, 24.24±0.28cm, and 13.73±0.25cm, respectively. Body weight was positively and significantly (P<0.05) correlated with other body parts measured with the highest correlation recorded between live weight and heart girth (0.915). Linear function provided the best fit for body weight and linear body measurements indicating that zoometric measurements of body parts can be used as a selection criterion for estimating body weight in white Fulani calves, most especially in the rural areas where measuring scales are not usually available and affordable. It is therefore recommended that multiple linear regression model should be used as an index predictor of body weight in white Fulani calves. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000L'incapacité des agriculteurs dans les zones rurales de déterminer efficacement le poids des bovins en raison de l'indisponibilité et de l'infrontation des échelles de mesure a été une contrainte majeure dans la détermination du bétail en direct du bétail pour le marché. Par conséquent, le besoin de mesure zoométrique des parties du corps. Un total de sept veaux blancs des Fulani âgés de 14 jours ont été utilisés comme matériel d'étude pour étudier les paramètres de mesure zoométriques et sa relation avec un poids corporel dans les veaux de Fulani blanc sous une étude à la ferme. Les veaux ont été autorisés à parcourir avec leurs mères dans le champ ouvert de 8h00 et 16h00 heure locale. Les animaux ont été retenus avant que des mesures ne soient prises pour éviter le stress inutile. Des mesures de poids corporel ont été prises à l'aide d'une balance de mesure tandis que des pièces de corps zoométriques ont été mesurées à l'aide d'une bande de tailleur flexible. L'expérience a duré neuf mois. Les valeurs moyennes globales pour le poids corporel, la longueur du corps, la circonférence du corps, la circonférence du tronc, de la hauteur au garrot, le tour de cou et de la longueur d","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89503726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sperm viability of FUNAAB-alpha chicken at refrigeration and freezing","authors":"L. Ndubuisi-ogbonna, J. O. Daramola, A. Akintunde, M. Wheto, S. Ojo, S. Oyewumi, A. Abdullahi","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3531","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial insemination is a critical component of animal breeding programs. The effectiveness of artificial insemination, on the other hand, is highly dependent on the consistency of the sperm. As a result, sperm preservation is critical for the storage and protection of animal genetic resources. Several experiments on the cryopreservation of chickens have failed miserably, but there is no evidence of such a research being conducted with FUNAAB alpha chickens. This experiment used 30 FUNAAB-alpha chickens of 25-30 weeks old. Semen samples were diluted in a Tris-based extender and stored in an electric freezer for 24 hours in refrigeration and freezing. The experiment was set up in a 3x2 factorial arrangement. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. As compared to the freezing protocol, the results showed that semen samples subjected to refrigeration protocols had higher (p<0.05) percentages in motility, livability, acrosome integrity, membrane integrity, and recovery rates. Refrigeration decreased sperm abnormality (p<0.05) as compared to freezing. When compared to refrigeration, freezing resulted in lower leukocyte and MDA levels (p<0.05). The study found that refrigerated spermatozoa had higher sperm viability than those frozen. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000L'insémination artificielle est une composante essentielle des programmes d'élevage des animaux. L'efficacité de l'insémination artificielle, d'autre part, dépend fortement de la consistance du sperme. En conséquence, la préservation du sperme est essentielle pour le stockage et la protection des ressources génétiques animales. Plusieurs expériences sur la cryoconservation des poulets ont échoué lamentablement, mais il n'y a aucune preuve d'une telle recherche menée avec des poulets alpha de FUNNAB. Cette expérience a utilisé 30 poulets alpha de FUNAAB de 25-30 semaines. Des échantillons de sperme ont été dilués dans une extension à base de tris et stockés dans un congélateur électrique pendant 24 heures en réfrigération et en gel. L'expérience a été mise en place dans un arrangement 3x2 factoriel. L'ANOVA à sens unique a été utilisée pour analyser les données. Par rapport au protocole de congélation, les résultats ont montré que les échantillons de sperme soumis à des protocoles de réfrigération étaient plus élevés (p <0,05) pour les pourcentages de la motilité, de la vie privilégiable, de l'intégrité acrosomère, de l'intégrité de la membrane et des taux de récupération. La réfrigération a diminué d'anomalie de sperme (p <0,05) par rapport au gel. Par rapport à la réfrigération, la congélation a abouti à des niveaux de leucocyte inférieur et de MDA (P <0,05). L'étude a révélé que les spermatozoïdes réfrigérants avaient une viabilité de sperme plus élevée que celles gelées.","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73684690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk yield and composition of lactating Friesian x Bunaji cows supplemented with dietary vitamin E and selenium","authors":"N. Achi, J. Achi, G. Rekwot, I. Mallam, R. T. Sanni, P. Barje","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3528","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamins and minerals are essential in milk production of dairy cows. This is because these micronutrients are sometime neglected or deficient in the diet. Therefore, supplementation of feed grade vitamins and minerals need to be maximized for improved milk production in dairy cows. The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of selenium and vitamin E on milk yield and composition of Friesian x Bunaji lactating cows. Twenty lactating Friesian x Bunaji cows in their early lactation were used. The study consisted of four treatments with five animals per treatment in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Treatment I served as control without selenium or vitamin E supplementation, Treatment II was supplemented with 3 mg of feed grade selenium; Treatment III, with 20 mg of feed grade Vitamin E; and Treatment IV was administered a combination of 3 mg feed grade selenium and 20 mg of vitamin E. The treatments were given once a week, while the animals were given free access to feed and water provided ad libitum. The cows were fed the treatment diets once a week until calving and milked for 90 days. Milk yield and ash content were higher (P<0.05) for lactating Friesian x Bunaji cows fed Se + vitamin E supplemented diets than in other groups while milk composition properties were all similar (P>0.05). Magnesium (14.73 – 81.27 mg/l), potassium (1700.30 – 2449.80 mg/l) and phosphorus (1362.90 – 2151.50 mg/l) had higher (P<0.05) values milk mineral composition of Se, vitamin E and Se + vitamin E supplementation for Friesian x Bunaji cows. It can be concluded that vitamin and selenium supplementation improved milk yield and composition \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000Les vitamines et les minéraux sont essentiels dans la production de lait de vaches laitières. En effet, ces micronutriments sont parfois négligés ou déficients dans le régime alimentaire. Par conséquent, la supplémentation de vitamines et de minéraux de qualité alimentaire doit être maximisée pour améliorer la production de lait chez les vaches laitières. L'étude a été réalisée pour évaluer l'effet du sélénium et de la vitamine E sur le rendement en lait et la composition des vaches de lactation X Bunaji X Bunaji. Vingt vingt allaitant des vaches de la Bunaji dans leur petite lactation ont été utilisées. L'étude consistait en quatre traitements avec cinq animaux par traitement dans une conception complètement randomisée (CCR). Traitement J'ai servi de contrôle sans supplémentation de sélénium ou de vitamine E, le traitement II a été complété par 3 mg de sélénium de qualité alimentaire; Traitement III, avec 20 mg de vitamine E de qualité alimentaire; Et le traitement IV a été administré une combinaison de 3 mg de sélénium de qualité d'alimentation et de 20 mg de vitamine E. Les traitements ont été administrés une fois par semaine, tandis que les animaux ont reçu un accès gratuit à l'alimentation et à l'eau fournis à la publicité. Les vaches ont été nourries les régimes de traitement une fois par semaine jusqu'à ce ","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83322937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of baker's yeast on crushed whole cotton seed in complete diets fed to Red Sokoto bucks","authors":"L. Yakubu, S. Abdu, O. S. Lamidi, A. Hanwa, S. M. Yashim, A. Musa, J. Millam","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3557","url":null,"abstract":"Whole cotton seed can substitute for forage, grain and protein within acceptable limit in ruminant ration/feed, however the presence of gossypol in free forms in whole cotton seed restricts it use. Literature has shown methods such as; mechanical and heat treatment, use of  iimproved varieties, vitamin E, selenium and most recently, probiotic as media of alleviating gossypol toxicity in cotton by-products thereby improving their consumption and utilization. This study aimed at reducing the effect of gossypol in whole cotton seed using baker's yeast in complete diets fed to Red Sokoto buck. A total of 20 bucks weighing 12kg±0.25 were randomly assigned to five diets formulated to contain 14% crude protein in complete diets without and with yeast supplementation at varied inclusion level; 10, 15, 20 & 25% CWCS and 500g yeast (Y) across treatment groups.Bucks were fed at 4% of their body weights and water administered ad-libitum throughout the digestibility trial period in a completely randomized design. Digestibility of the diet and nitrogen balance in the bucks were studied. Results obtained showed significant difference at P<0.05. Dry matter digestibility was significantly (p<0.05) different across treatment where 25%CWCS +Y inclusion had the higher value with similarity to 10%CWCS and 15%CWCS + Y (90.32, 89.48 and 89.19%) respectively while 10%CWCS +Y had 88.54% and 20%CWCS +Y (86.86%). The neutral detergent fibre digestibility was best at the control (10%CWCS without yeast) 70.00% with a decline as CWCS inclusion increased. The digestibility of crude protein followed similar trend. Acid detergent fibre digestibility however, was best at 25%CWCS+Y (67.16%), while 20%CWCS had the lowest (50.40%). Nitrogen Intake was significantly (P<0.05) different higher at 15%CWCS+Y (10.56%) and was lowest at 10%CWCS+Y (7.25%). Total N excreted was similar statistically at 15 and 20%CWCS+Y (8.43 and 8.36%) and the lowest was recorded at 10%CWCS+Y (6.83%). N retained as percent of intake was significantly (P<0.05) different, with higher value recorded with increasing inclusion level of CWCS; 15% CWCS had higher retention (20.4%) as against the control diet (4.97%). It can be concluded from the results of this study, that the yeast supplementation influenced dry matter and acid detergent fibre digestibility, nitrogen intake and retention. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000Les graines de coton entier peuvent se substituer au fourrage, aux grains et aux protéines dans une limite acceptable dans le rationnement / alimentation des ruminants, mais la présence de gossypol sous forme libre dans des graines de coton entières restreint l'utilisation. La littérature a montré des méthodes telles que; Traitement mécanique et thermique, utilisation de variétés améliorées, de vitamine E, de sélénium et plus récemment, probiotique comme média de réduction de la toxicité du gossypol dans les sous-produits du coton, améliorant ainsi leur consommation et leur utilisation. Cette étude visait à réduire l","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84356010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximate composition, haematology, carcass characteristics and meat yield of growing rabbits fed yam-cassava peel composite meal as a replacement for maize","authors":"A. A. Gbenge, J. I. Shimaor, C. D. Tuleun","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3541","url":null,"abstract":"Yam and cassava peels are by-product resulting from processing of yam and cassava for domestic cooking and other purposes which represent unutilized energy sources in many parts of the country because they have limited or no human food value. It's in view of the need for waste management and upsurge in prizes of conventional feeds (maize) with their increasing demand that necessitate, the need for waste peels from either yam or cassava which are largely discarded thereby constituting environmental nuisance to be used as ingredient (unconventional feedstuffs)in replacing maize(conventionalfeedstuff) as energy source for animal feeding.This study was therefore carried out to investigate the effect of replacing maizewith yam-cassava peel composite meal on haematology, carcass characteristics and meat yield of growing rabbits in 84-days feeding trial. Thirty-six weaner rabbits of mixed sex and strain and average initial weight of 500.89g were randomly allotted to six dietary treatmentsSix dietary treatment were formulated such that, Diet 1 (T1) contained maize and the proportion of maize in diet 1 (T1) was replaced with yam-cassava peel composite meal (YCPCM) in a ratio of 6:1 at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% in diet 2(T2), 3(T3), 4(T4), 5(T5) and 6(T6) respectively. Weighed amounts of feed were served every morning while fresh, cool and clean drinking water was provided ad-libitum and data were collected for proximate composition of yam cassava composite peel meal as well as the haematological profile of growing rabbits and carcass and meat yield. Proximate composition of YCPM revealed 89.60% dry matter (DM), 10.22% crude protein (CP), 14.29% crude fibre (CF), 1.27% ether extract (EE), 6.25% total ash (TA), 67.57% nitrogen free extract (NFE) and 2920.24kcal/kg metabolizable energy (ME Results on carcass characteristics and meat yield of growing rabbits indicated no significant (P>0.05) difference on all the parameters measured. Significant (P<0.05) difference occurred in some haematological (PCV, RBC, Hb, MCV and MCH) within the normal range of recommendation for healthy rabbits to it external and internal environment. This suggests that, 100%inclusion of YCPCM in diets of growing rabbits has no adverse deleterious effect on haematology, carcass characteristics and meat yield of growing rabbits. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000Les peaux d'igname et de manioc sont des sous-produits résultant de la transformation de l'igname et du manioc pour la cuisson domestique et d'autres fins qui représentent des sources d'énergie inutilisées dans de nombreuses régions du pays car elles ont une valeur alimentaire limitée ou sans alimentation humaine. C'est compte tenu de la nécessité de la gestion des déchets et de la recrudescence dans les prix des aliments conventionnels (maïs) avec leur demande croissante qui nécessitent, la nécessité de détester des déchets de l'igname ou de la manioc qui sont largement rejetées, constituant ainsi une nuisance environnementale à utiliser comme ingrédien","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85892456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GIS mapping of pig population and distribution in the derived savannah, Oyo state, Nigeria","authors":"A. Sosina, O. Babayemi, P. A. Adewuyi","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3550","url":null,"abstract":"Pig production in the rural areas has not been adequately linked with urban markets thus negatively affecting pig industry. Many researchers have associated major challenges confronting pig production as a business to inadequate capital, land, labour, environmental degradation and religion belief. However, information on pig population and distribution, which is key in pig production value chain is scanty, thus the need to investigate pig population and distribution in the derived savannah area of Oyo state. A three-stage sampling technique was used to purposively select 180 pig farmers, nine respondents per village, three villages per cell and three cells were randomly selected for derived savannah, Oyo state, were evaluated. Parameters measured were average herd size, distribution pattern of pigs across locations comprised of Oluyole, Ona-ara, Akinyele, Egbeda, Ido and Ibarapa East LGA. The ARC-GIS software processed the Global Positioning Systems (GPS) data of pig population using the ARC-GIS model 10.0. The mapping of the pig farmers' distribution was done using the spatial analytical tool of the GIS. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The farmers' average herd size of pigs ranged from 2 (Ona-ara and Akinyele) to 100 (Egbeda). The average herd sizes were 5, 20 and 40 in Oluyole, Ibarapa East and Ido, respectively. Only Egbeda had piggery capacity of more than 20 piglets on average. The large pig production in Egbeda were probably influenced mainly by abundance of agro-industrial by-product and feed resources. The off-takers of pig production value chain should focus on Egbeda for supply of pigs with advantage of resources and other productions factors. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000La production de porc dans les zones rurales n'a pas été suffisamment liée aux marchés urbains ayant une incidence négative sur l'industrie du porc. De nombreux chercheurs ont des défis majeurs associés à des défis majeurs confrontés à la production de porc en tant qu'entreprise de capital inadéquat, de terres, de travail, de dégradation de l'environnement et de religion. Cependant, des informations sur la population de cochons et la distribution, qui est la clé de la chaîne de valeur de la production de porcs est maigre, la nécessité d'étudier la population de cochons et la distribution dans la zone de Savannah dérivée de l'État Oyo. Une technique d'échantillonnage à trois étages a été utilisée pour sélectionner à dessein de 180 porteurs de porcs, neuf répondants par village, trois villages par cellule et trois cellules ont été sélectionnés au hasard pour Savannah dérivé, Oyo State, ont été évaluées. Les paramètres mesurés ont été la taille moyenne du troupeau, le modèle de distribution de porcs à travers les emplacements d'oluyole, Ona-Ara, Akinyele, Egbeda, Ido et Ibarapa East LGA. Le logiciel ARC-SIG a traité les données de la population de cochonsde système de positionnement global (SPG) à l'aide du modèle 10.0 Arc-SIG. La cartographie de la distribution des agricul","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87743401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of inovo feeding of honey solution on hatchability and growth performance of turkey eggs and poults (A review)","authors":"W. A. Asipa, P. L. Komolafe, R. B. Fagbenro, M. O. Ajayi, I. Adebowale, M. Feyisayo, P. I. Owoseni, A. Olanrewaju, A. T. Falola, M. Adepoju, A. Adeleke, K. T. Aganbi, N. Taiwo, O. Babayemi","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3547","url":null,"abstract":"Glucose is the major energy source of living organisms and its homeostatic maintenance during the days preceding hatching and post-hatch is a great challenge in chick's life. Establishment of a stable and sufficient glucose status is critical for the late-term embryonic developmental hatching process and post-hatch development of poultry until feed consumption is initiated. In ovo feeding has been used to enhance post-hatch development in broilers. However, there is paucity of information on the effect of in ovo feeding on performance of turkey poults. Therefore, effect of in ovo feeding on performance of turkey poults were investigated from different research works. The hatching quality in turkey has been of great concern and interest to researchers over the years. Turkey hatchlings usually do not survive critical post-hatch adjustment period and most of the survivor exhibit stunted growth, and inefficient feed utilization. This has led to loss of a lot of money yearly to the poultry industry. Several researches have been done but were seen to have no lasting effect on the post-hatch quality of the poults. Although, early feeding was recorded to be of benefit to the animals but had little orno effect on struggles experienced by embryos during pipping and hatching. Improvement on poults' quality aside the body weight and growth becomes difficult at this level. This work reviewed the technology of using in ovo feeding which is the administration of food into the amnion of late embryo in the efficiency of turkey hatchlings. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000Le glucose est la principale source d'énergie des organismes vivants et son maintien homéostatique pendant les jours précédant l'éclosion et après l'éclosion est un grand défi dans la vie du poussin. L'établissement d'un état de glucose stable et suffisant est essentiel pour le processus d'éclosion du développement embryonnaire tardif et le développement post-éclosion de la volaille jusqu'au début de la consommation d'aliments. L'alimentation Inovo a été utilisée pour améliorer le développement post-éclosion des poulets à griller. Cependant, il y a peu d'informations sur l'effet de l'alimentation in ovo sur les performances des dindonneaux. Par conséquent, l'effet de l'alimentation in ovo sur les performances des dindonneaux a été étudié à partir de différents travaux de recherche. Les nouveau-nés de dinde ne survivent généralement pas à la période critique d'ajustement post-éclosion et la plupart des survivants présentent un retard de croissance et une utilisation inefficace des aliments. Cela a conduit à la perte de beaucoup d'argent chaque année pour l'industrie de la volaille. Plusieurs recherches ont été effectuées, mais elles n'ont eu aucun effet durable sur la qualité post-éclosion des dindonneaux. Bien que l'alimentation précoce ait été enregistrée comme étant bénéfique pour les animaux, mais n'a eu que peu ou pas d'effet sur les difficultés rencontrées par les embryons lors de la naissance et de l'éclosion.","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85741415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of growing rabbits fed varying levels of urea-molasses treated maize cob as replacement for wheat offal","authors":"A. Mafimidiwo, G. Williams, Z. T. Mafimidiwo, C. Njoku, R. Sobayo","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i3.3544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i3.3544","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary fibre is of great importance due to its significant role in rabbit nutrition. The increase in cost of conventional dietary fibre sources necessitated search for suitable alternatives. Processing of non-conventional fibrous ingredient is essential due to low digestibility and economically feasible strategies should be employed to enhance its utilisation. In this study, the effect of graded levels of urea-molasses treated maize cobs (UMTMC) as replacement for wheat offal in diet of rabbits wasinvestigated. A total of 45 rabbits of about 42 ± 1d old were used to investigate the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics. Rabbits were allotted into five dietary treatments of nine rabbits segregated into three replicates of three rabbits each. The diets contained UMTMC at five (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %) replacement levels. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. Daily feed intake (36.37g/rabbit) was reduced (P<0.05) in rabbit fed diets supplemented with 50% UMTMC in comparison to 0% UMTMC (42.40g/rabbit). Nitrogen free extract digestibility decreased (P<0.05) with increasing replacement level of UMTMC. Improved (P<0.05) carcass weight (815.67g/rabbit) and dressing percentage (63.50%) were obtained in rabbits fed diets added with 25% UMTMC when compared to 75 (58.49%) and 100% (57.90%) UMTMC. Organ weight were significantly affected with 50% and 100% UMTMC inclusion level showing increased (P<0.05) liver (3.35g and 3.08g) and kidney (0.78g and 0.94g) weight. It was concluded that inclusion of 25, 75 and 100% UMTMC did not adversely affect carcass parameters instead, the inclusion of 50% UMTMC improved growth performance and carcass characteristics. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000La fibre alimentaire revêt une grande importance due à son rôle important dans la nutrition de lapin. L'augmentation du coût des sources de fibres alimentaires conventionnelles nécessitait une recherche de solutions appropriées. Le traitement de l'ingrédient fibreux nonconventionnel est essentiel en raison de la digestibilité faible et des stratégies économiquement réalisables devraient être utilisées pour améliorer son utilisation. Dans cet étude, l'effet des niveaux de grade d'urérés-mélasse traités cobs de maïs traités (UMTCM) est remplacé par le remplacement du blé dans le régime alimentaire des lapins. Au total, 45 lapins d'environ 42 ± 1d ont été utilisés pour enquêter sur la performance de la croissance, la digestibilité des nutriments et les caractéristiques de la carcasse. Des lapins ont été attribués à cinq traitements diététiques de neuf lapins séparés dans trois répliques de trois lapins chacun. Les régimes contenaient UMTCM à cinq niveaux de remplacement (0, 25, 50, 75 et 100%). Les données obtenues ont été soumises à une analyse de la variance dans une conception complètement randomisée. L'apport quotidien des aliments pour animaux (36,37 g / lapin) a été réduit (p <0,05) dans des régimes alimentés p","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88530297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}