Nutrition TodayPub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NT.0000000000000615
Lisa M. Sanders, Luis M. Mestre, K. Ejima, T. Mehta, Scott W. Keith, K. Maki, D. B. Allison
{"title":"Body Mass Index, Obesity, and Mortality—Part II","authors":"Lisa M. Sanders, Luis M. Mestre, K. Ejima, T. Mehta, Scott W. Keith, K. Maki, D. B. Allison","doi":"10.1097/NT.0000000000000615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NT.0000000000000615","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship of obesity with mortality rate, and subsequently, the impact of weight loss on mortality, has been questioned by researchers for many years. Although weight loss in an individual with obesity can improve metabolic outcomes, the impacts on mortality are less clear. This has caused some to question the importance of weight loss because most individuals who lose weight through diet and lifestyle interventions gain all or a substantial portion of the weight back within 5 years. Furthermore, individuals who attempt to lose weight again may enter weight cycling (yo-yo dieting), which some have suggested may be detrimental to metabolism, eating behaviors, quality of life, and, ultimately, mortality rate. Beyond weight loss and weight cycling, the relationship between diet composition and dietary patterns has also been investigated for their relationship to longevity and mortality. This narrative review will examine the existing human and animal research evaluating the relationship between weight loss, weight cycling, and dietary composition on mortality and longevity, and identify research gaps that still exist.","PeriodicalId":19386,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Today","volume":"58 1","pages":"158 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47815153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition TodayPub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NT.0000000000000479
K. Singletary
{"title":"Cumin","authors":"K. Singletary","doi":"10.1097/NT.0000000000000479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NT.0000000000000479","url":null,"abstract":"Cumin is an aromatic herb prepared from the dried seeds of the plant Cuminum cyminum L. (family Apiaceae). As a culinary ingredient, it is a major constituent of curry powder, and as a spice, its popularity is considered second only to pepper. Therapeutic uses of cumin in traditional medicines date back millenia and include treatment for gastrointestinal distress, diarrhea, and jaundice, as well as for hypertension, epilepsy, fever, childhood maladies, and gynecological and respiratory disorders. This narrative review summarizes recent human trials that assess its efficacy in relieving symptoms associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease and considers suggestions for future studies.","PeriodicalId":19386,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Today","volume":"56 1","pages":"144 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48288096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition TodayPub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NT.0000000000000616
Lisa M. Sanders, Shellen R. Goltz, K. Maki
{"title":"Resiliency of the Digestive System During Aging and the Impact of Diet","authors":"Lisa M. Sanders, Shellen R. Goltz, K. Maki","doi":"10.1097/NT.0000000000000616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NT.0000000000000616","url":null,"abstract":"Increases in life expectancy are contributing to rapid growth in the aging population around the globe. Aging is accompanied by physiological decline and susceptibility to age-related diseases. To enable healthy aging, it is important to understand the independent effects of aging on biological systems and how comorbidities and lifestyle factors may influence the health of these systems. The digestive system is a multifunctional set of tissues and organs that not only enable the digestion and absorption of nutrients, but also serves as a physical and immunological barrier to the external environment and the primary interface to commensal microbes. This review examined current evidence regarding the effects of aging on gastrointestinal function, including digestion, absorption, motility, microbiome, and barrier function. Overall, the digestive system is quite resilient to the normal aging process with comorbidities and other lifestyle factors contributing to most digestive health issues associated with aging. Emerging research on the gut microbiome and barrier function suggests an important role for the digestive system in the etiology of many age-related diseases and demonstrates how diet may be able to modify the effects of chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":19386,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Today","volume":"58 1","pages":"165 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46050658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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