{"title":"[Uricosuric agent].","authors":"I. Ohno","doi":"10.32388/xxzox5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/xxzox5","url":null,"abstract":"Urate lowering treatment is indicated in patients with recurrent acute attacks, tophi, gouty arthropathy, radiographic changes of gout, multiple joint involvement, or associated uric acid nephrolithiasis. Uricosuric agents like benzbromarone and probenecid are very useful to treat hyperuricemia as well as allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor). Uricosuric agents act the urate lowering effect through blocking the URAT1, an urate transporter, in brush border of renal proximal tubular cells. In order to avoid the nephrotoxicity and urolithiasis due to increasing of urinary urate excretion by using uricosuric agents, the proper urinary tract management (enough urine volume and correction of aciduria) should be performed.","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":"743-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81469312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Corticosteroid].","authors":"Susumu Okamoto","doi":"10.32388/rkn9du","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/rkn9du","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":"314-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80403055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Macrolide].","authors":"H. Watanabe, H. Ohtami","doi":"10.32388/ycup2o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/ycup2o","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":"1024-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86872578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Autoimmune hepatitis].","authors":"M. Shibata","doi":"10.32388/g7fulr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/g7fulr","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimunitní hepatitida je chronické zánětlivé onemocnění jaterní tkáně z neznámé příčiny, které je charakteristické sérologickou reaktivitou různých typů autoprotilátek a hypergamaglobulinemií. Postiženými jsou převážně ženy mladšího či středního věku. Bez léčby dochází ve většině případů k postupné progresi onemocnění a k rozvoji jaterní cirhózy se všemi důsledky. Klinická manifestace není jednotná, existuje několik fenotypů manifestace: akutní jaterní hepatocelulární poškození připomínající akutní virovou hepatitidu, vzácnější je manifestace ve formě fulminantní hepatitidy, nejčastěji však má onemocnění plíživý průběh, kdy jedinou možnou známkou jaterního onemocnění je dlouhodobý mírný vzestup sérových aktivit jaterních transamináz. V klinicky méně vyjádřených případech může být rozpoznání onemocnění diagnostickým problémem. V těchto případech lze použít několik skórovacích systémů, které jsou účinným diagnostickým pomocníkem. Terapeutickým cílem je dosažení kompletní odpovědi, která je definována jako úplná normalizace sérové aktivity ALT i AST a normalizace sérové koncentrace gamaglobulinů. Léčba se dělí do dvou fází: indukční a udržovací. Základním postupem obou fází je podání prednisonu v monoterapii či v kombinaci s azatioprinem. Při vysazení léčby jsou relapsy velmi časté, během 3 let relabuje až 80 % nemocných. Klíčová slova: autoimunitní hepatitida, imunosupresivní terapie, jaterní cirhóza.","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"68 1","pages":"494-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78397676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Inositol].","authors":"S. Nakashima","doi":"10.32388/b0kyhc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/b0kyhc","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":"176-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80118801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Myelosuppression].","authors":"Y. Shigeoka","doi":"10.32388/xsbus0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/xsbus0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"147-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78973250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Androsterone].","authors":"Y. Shibata, Y. Fukabori","doi":"10.32388/co3y3q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/co3y3q","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"94 1","pages":"177-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83903079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Glioma].","authors":"H. Handa, J. Takeuchi","doi":"10.32388/myufx5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/myufx5","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter outlines the current clinical application of interferon for treatment of brain tumor, especially glioma. Since approved as a therapeutic drug for brain tumor originally produced in Japan, interferon-beta has been reported to be effective when it was used alone, in combination with chemo-radiotherapy (ACNU/MCNU as a nitrosourea derivative chemodrug, and radiation for 60 Gy totally). Recently, the regimen of combination with interferon-beta have been improved to obtain a higher efficacy rate. For example, as a fundamental study, temozolomide is an enthusiastic chemodrug to enhance the anti-tumor effect of interferon-beta when it is combined, pre-clinical and clinical trial will be scheduled. As for interferon-beta gene therapy by means of liposome as ad drug delivery system, already clinical trial has been performed and clinical safety and effectiveness have been proved, and it is expected that newly development in the field of gene therapy will be established and improvement of therapeutic results for malignant brain tumor will be achieved.","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"1011-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87771144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Etiocholanolone].","authors":"I. Nagatomo","doi":"10.32388/0owpsc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/0owpsc","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19307,"journal":{"name":"Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine","volume":"120 1","pages":"180-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78554555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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