International Internal Medicine Journal最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Wound Swab of Patient Receiving Medication in University Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada AbujaNigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.03.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.03.06","url":null,"abstract":"This research examined the antibacterial sensitivity of bacteria isolated from wound infection. Ten samples were collected using swab stick. From the isolates of this research identified both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria; these include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococci, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter species. These organisms are of public health importance. Susceptibility outcome revealed that Ofloxacillin and ciprofloxacin were effective against Gram positive bacteria. Amikacin , Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone and Norflaxacin were effective against Gram negative bacteria hence, the study indicate that Gram negative bacteria are more susceptible to antibiotic than Gram positive bacteria. Antimicrobial multi-resistant (AMR) was higher among Gram positive bacteria compared to Gram negative bacteria. Treatment of wound infection remains a significant concern for surgeons and physicians in a health care facility. The problem has been magnified due to the unrestrained and rapidly spreading resistance to the available array of antimicrobial agents. The study therefore, recommends multi-drug administration to patient suffering from wound infection, either caused by burn, accident or of any kind.","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":"127 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Routine Pediatric Computed Tomography Examinations in Hawassa City, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.03.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.03.05","url":null,"abstract":"Computed tomography (CT) has considerable impact in patient care. However, it is the most irradiating medical imaging technique in diagnostic radiology department. Optimization of pediatric CT is not well-practiced in developing countries. Protocols for some age groups were missed, and scan parameters are not adapted to the patient body size and age group. Furthermore, there are no established diagnostic reference levels to enhance dose optimization for pediatric patients at the local, regional, and national levels. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the optimization of routine pediatric CT examinations in Hawassa city, Ethiopia. A total of 360 pediatric dose records were reviewed for routine pediatric CT performed between January 1st, 2021 - May 30th, 2022. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science version 25 software. The Local Diagnostic Reference Levels (LDRLs) were established at the 75th percentile of CT dose quantities. The average KVp, mAs, and scan length used for pediatric head, chest, and abdomen CT were (112.8, 260.6, and 19.8), (112.9, 64.7, and 31.5), and (113.3, 79.4, and 32.9) respectively. The range of the established LDRLs in terms of volumetric CT dose index for the head, chest, and abdomen CT were (31.5 to 47, 2.3 to 6.1, 1.7 to 4.7) mGy. Whereas the range in terms of dose length product per scan for the head, chest, and abdomen CT were (723.4 to 1126.7, 55.9 to 258.9, and 38.1 to 242.5) mGy cm respectively. The obtained results show that the LDRLs for volumetric CT does index for head and chest CT were equivalent to the international studies. Whereas the local DRLs in terms of dose length product per scan were higher than the reports other studies except in Japan where the values for chest CT were comparable to the results of this study. Finally, the findings suggested that non-optimized pediatric head and chest CT were performed across all age groups.","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminum Adjuvants and Childhood Disease Prevalence","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the relationship between aluminum adjuvant vaccines and the prevalence of 4 childhood diseases (Autism, Allergies, Asthma, ADD/ADHD) using data from the 2020-2021 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) [1] and the Centers for Disease Control National Immunization Survey (CDC NIS) [2]. The study found an association with aluminum adjuvant dosage and the prevalence of each disease studied (Autism, Allergies, Asthma, ADD/ADHD) through a weighted regression analysis of disease prevalence against the summed likelihood of aluminum adjuvant vaccine uptake.","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Chemical and Physical Attributes in Recovering Areas in the Southern Amazon","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"The recovery of soil quality and forest regeneration is of fundamental environmental importance, especially in the Amazon biome. The objective was to evaluate the contribution of soil’s physical and chemical attributes in degraded areas in recovery process with different ages and compared to adjacent degraded areas cultivated with grassland, in the Southern Amazon. For this, was used areas located in the south of the Brazilian Amazon and four different areas were chosen, with 6 years of recovery (APP-6), 3 years (APP-3), degraded (APPD) area and degraded areas cultivated with grassland (DP). With emphasis on the physical variable bulk density soil showed averages of 1.37± 0.052 g cm-3 (APP-6), 1.49± 0.066 g cm-3 (APP-3), 1.55± 0.055 g cm-3 (APPD) and 1.67±0.077 g cm-3 (DP), respectively, and there was a decrease in soil density with longer area recovery time. As for the soil chemical variable of P observed averages of 18.46±2.74 mg kg-1(APP-6), 2.86±1.73 mg kg-1 (APP-3), 1.46±0.69 mg kg-1 (APPD) and 1.1±0.20 mg kg-1 (DP), there was a high increase in P in areas with longer recovery time. Study of comparison of means, was possible to elucidate the relationships between the soli’s chemical and physical attributes in the four areas studied. The results showed a greater supply of organic carbon, phosphorus, exchangeable cations (K+, Ca+ 2 and Mg+2) to APP-6 in relation DP. APPD e APP-3 areas. Similarly, the improvement in the physical attributes of total porosity and the bulk density of the soil in the area of APP-6 years of recovery, in comparison with the other areas (DP, APP-3 e APPD).","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140389693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karyological Study of Fresh Water Fish Channa Punctatus with G and NOR Banding Pattern","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Karyotype analysis is the most classical method in the field of cytogenetics. It includes the determination of 2n chromosome numbers, relative length of chromosomes, centromeric formula, centromeric index, total chromatin length, etc. It describes a technique for taking pictures of a stained preparation in which the chromosomes are arranged in regular centromere patterns. In the present study, the significant karyotype of Channa punctatus were observed by analysing the metacentric, submetacentric, subtelocentric, and telocentric chromosomes. Among these the diploid chromosome number was 32 which were identified to be 14-metacentric, 12- submetacentric and 7- sub telocentric and 7- telocentric chromosomes. Thus, such studies shall be promoted to extend the analysis on the physiological health of fishes in changing environment","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140393072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deficits in Micronutrients and Immunological Response: Editorial Note","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"When we consider improved nourishment for our bodies, do we remember to priorities our brain? It is the one area of our bodies that has been overused recently. However, we rarely give it special nutritional care. What nutrients does the brain require, and which foods contain them? Eat largely plant-based foods like fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains. Vegetables, particularly green leafy ones like kale and indigenous leaves, dark green ones like broccoli, yellow ones like pumpkin, and purple ones like red cabbage, are high in beneficial vitamins and antioxidants. These are excellent for brain function. Berries, particularly blueberries and other dark red berries prevalent in your local food chain, curcumin found in turmeric, and most nuts, particularly almonds, are beneficial, as is the oil they contain. There is an increased interest in what people eat, and there is just too much information and marketing out there, which can confuse consumers. Foods like chia seeds, pumpkin seeds, and quinoa have recently been labelled as exotic and uniquely beneficial; edible mushrooms are said to be great; and insects, which have always been eaten in Africa, are gaining popularity worldwide.","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":"2020 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Practice and Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Follow-Up in Shashemene Referral Hospital, West Arsi Zone, Oromia, Ethopia, 2020","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Diabetes' diet is a naturally nutrient-rich, fat-free and calorie-free diet. Dietary factors play a critical role in the management and prevention of type 2 diabetes due to their impact on weight and metabolic control. Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate dietary practices and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients on follow-up at Shashemene referral hospital in West Arsi zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, in 2020. Methods: In April 2020, a hospital-based cross-sectional study of type II diabetic patients on follow-up was conducted at Shashemene referral hospital. A sample size of 389 was used based on the prevalence of dietary practice among type II diabetic patients. Pre-test, structured face-to-face interview questionnaires were used to collect data from systematically selected samples of type II diabetic patients. Data was entered into a computer using the statistical analysis software SPSS version 25.0. Descriptive analysis was used to present the findings. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to further analyze the data. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Result: A total of 389 patients with type II diabetes were included in the study whose mean age and standard deviation (SD) was 42+ 12.2 SD. The study revealed that 39.3% of the patients had good dietary practice. Factors significantly associated with dietary practice were patient religion (AOR=10.32 ,95% CI (1.25,85.2), having family support, (AOR=4.10 95% CI (2.05,8.18) awareness level about diet (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI (0.34,5.94) and high cost of food (AOR = 2.06 95% CI (1.08,3.89) were found independent predictors for good dietary practice. Conclusion & Recommendations: The dietary practices of diabetic patients are not enough and they need to be improved. Training and advice on components of the proposed nutritional diabetes must be provided. The quality and scope of health education at the hospital level can be improved and the lifestyle changed. This level of self-care should be achieved through collaboration between patients and health care providers.","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":"180 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140417970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polydatin in Cancer Research: Molecular Docking with UXS1 and Safety Profile Evaluation","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Polydatin, a polyphenolic compound sourced from various natural origins, has garnered attention also due to its potential anti-tumor properties and low toxicity. This research utilized Molecular Docking methods to investigate the molecular interactions between Polydatin and the Crystal Structure of Human UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase (UXS1), aiming to uncover the mechanisms contributing to its anti-tumor effects. The results as revealed a substantial binding energy value of approximately -10 kcal/mol for the Polydatin-UXS1 interaction, indicating a robust and favorable binding. This suggests that Polydatin holds significant promise in cancer research, offering insights into its ability to interact with and potentially modulate the activity of UXS1. Moreover, the additional step of predicting toxicity properties using the pKCSM server provides valuable insights into the safety profiles of polydatin ( or piceid). From these results, the parameters for polydatin: —Max. tolerated dose (human),- Oral Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50), and - Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity (LOAEL)—suggest a favorable safety profile.These findings position Polydatin as a compelling candidate for further exploration in cancer research, integrative therapies highlighting both its efficacy and safety considerations.","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HRP2 and PLDH Performance Comparison as Rapid Diagnostic Tools for Symptomatic Malaria Patients at Rugazi HC IV in Rubirizi District","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rapid and precise laboratory diagnosis is essential for effectively diagnosing and managing malaria patients. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) play a critical role in malaria diagnosis in resource-constrained settings with limited access to labs and trained staff. The efficiency of two mRDTs (HRP2 and pLDH) was compared against microscopy, the gold standard for malaria diagnosis, in this study. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 308 participants were tested for malaria parasites using two mRDTs and blood smear microscopy as the gold standard. STATA software version 17 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of the 308 participants, 82 tested positive for HRP2 mRDT (26.62% (95% CI: 21.97-31.86) positivity rate, 73.38% (95% CI: 68.14-78.83) negativity rate), and 99 tested positive for pLDH mRDT (32.14% (95% CI: 27.14-37.59) positivity rate, 67.86% (95% CI: 62.41-72.86) negativity rate). Using microscopy as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were determined. For HRP2 mRDT, sensitivity was 77.78% (95%CI: 73.13-82.42), specificity 97.61% (95%CI: 95.90 - 99.31), PPV 93.90% (95%CI: 91.23 – 96.56), and NPV 90.27% (95%CI: 86.96-93.58). For pLDH mRDT, the sensitivity was 94.95% (95% CI: 92.50-97.40), specificity was 97.61% (95% CI: 95.90-99.31), PPV was 94.95% (95% CI: 92.50 – 97.40), and NPV was 97.61% (95% CI: 95.90 - 99.31). The dominant malaria species was Plasmodium falciparum (74.7%), followed by Plasmodium vivax (12.1%) and Plasmodium ovale (1%). Mixed infections of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax (7.1%) and plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium ovale (5.1%) were also observed. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the positivity rate, negativity rate, specificity or PPV in both mRDTs. However, a significant difference in the NPV and sensitivity of HRP2 and pLDH mRDTs was observed where HRP2’s sensitivity was below the WHO recommendation of ≥95% in this study population; thus, there is a need to improve the sensitivity of this mRDT kit. In our study, most malaria infections were caused by Plasmodium falciparum, followed by P. vivax and P. ovale. We therefore recommend the use of pLDH mRDTs over HRP2 mRDTs based on the results of our study","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140457777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella, and Escherichia Coli K99 from Diarrheic Calves in and Around Awash Fentale District of Afar Region, Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/iimj.02.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/iimj.02.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The global community is confronted with a significant challenge in the form of antimicrobial resistance, which affects both public and animal health. This phenomenon is greatly influenced by the widespread use of antimicrobial agents in various domains, including human medicine, veterinary practices, and other sectors. The increasing prevalence of drug resistance in E. coli and Salmonella spp. strains isolated from humans and animals has sparked a vigorous debate concerning the potential risks to public health associated with the utilization of antibiotics in animal production. Hence, the objective of this research was to assess the susceptibility of Salmonella enterica to antimicrobial agents and to detect the presence of Escherichia Coli K99 in diarrheic calves within the Awash Fentale District of the Afar Region, in Eastern Ethiopia. Objectives: To assess antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella enterica, and to identify Escherichia Coli K99 from Diarrheic Calves in and Around Awash Fentale District of Afar Region, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to November 2023 with the aim to isolate and identify E. coli K99 and Salmonella enterica and associated risk factors for occurrence of these two pathogens. Fecal samples were collected from a total of 188 diarrheic calves aged up to 6 months from 150 households in Awash Fentale district Afar region, eastern Ethiopia. The samples were transported in ice box to Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology laboratory, microbiology department for isolation and identification of bacteria. Feces were stored at 4 °C until the time of processing. These samples were processed during the study period for the isolation and identification of E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica using culture media, biochemical tests, Pathasure kit and Biolog GEN III microplate. Data after laboratory test result was recorded in Microsoft excel® 2021 from prepared result recording format paper. The data was then imported to the software STATA windows version 14 (StataCorp LP, College Station, Texas, USA) for appropriate statistical analysis. Pearson Chi-square (X2) test followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis was utilized to assess the degree of association between each risk factor and calf diarrhea causing E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica. An association was regarded as significant if the p-value is <0.05. Result: Out of 188 samples, 20.74% and 5.32% were found to be positive for E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica respectively. Antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of Salmonella enterica were also investigated using 12 commonly used antibiotics. All isolates from calves were susceptible (100%) to amikacin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, cephalothin ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamycin and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify significant risk ","PeriodicalId":192929,"journal":{"name":"International Internal Medicine Journal","volume":"101 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140459543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}