Nordisk medicin最新文献_第10页

[Cystic fibrosis]. 囊性纤维化。

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1001/jama.1956.02970140044012

N. Høiby, C. Koch, B. Frederiksen

引用次数: 0

[Re-certification of specialists in Norway]. [在挪威重新认证专家]。

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

E Skoglund

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[Nocturnal enuresis in children]. [儿童夜间遗尿症]。

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

K Hjälmås

{"title":"[Nocturnal enuresis in children].","authors":"K Hjälmås","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"After allergic disorders, nocturnal enuresis is the most common chronic childhood condition. Recent research has yielded abundant new knowledge about the condition, especially about its aetiology and pathophysiology, and the psychological consequences. A hereditary background has been substantiated by the identification in genetic linkage studies of areas in chromosomes 12 and 13 that are manifestly associated with bedwetting, though genotype expression in the phenotype appears to be complex and heterogeneous. Pathophysiologically, findings in current intensive research suggest three interactive factors to be involved: (i) relative nocturnal polyuria, due to insufficient antidiuretic hormone release during sleep in pre-teenagers, and due to renal tubular dysfunction in adolescents and adults; (ii) reduced nocturnal bladder capacity, especially in the 33 per cent of cases which do not respond to desmopressin treatment; and (iii) the patient's inability to waken in response to signals from a full bladder. Recent findings have also confirmed previous reports that with very few exceptions bedwetting is not caused by psychological factors. On the contrary, the condition causes psychological problems manifested in reduced self-esteem, shame and guilt, though self-esteem is restored by successful treatment. Active treatment should be started as soon as the child is ready to receive it, the main options being an enuresis alarm, desmopressin, or a combination of the two. If reduced bladder capacity is suspected, treatment with a detrusor relaxant should be included.","PeriodicalId":19261,"journal":{"name":"Nordisk medicin","volume":"113 1","pages":"13-5, 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20392557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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[Pain, worth to be taken seriously]. [痛苦，值得认真对待]。

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

H Flaatten

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[International expert seminar on patients' rights]. [关于病人权利的国际专家研讨会]。

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

L Fallberg

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[Can acute stroke be treated with hypothermia?]. 急性中风可以用低温治疗吗?

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

P Meden, L Kammersgaard, K Overgaard

引用次数: 0

[Reply to a comment on the article about the management of TOS (Thoracic Outlet Syndrome)]. [回复对TOS(胸廓出口综合征)治疗文章的评论]。

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

K A Lindgren

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[The world of fables]. [寓言世界]。

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

S Rössner

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[Breakthrough in pain research. Charting of the synaptic network may lead to new analgesics]. 疼痛研究的突破。突触网络的图表可能导致新的镇痛药]。

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

L Olgart

{"title":"[Breakthrough in pain research. Charting of the synaptic network may lead to new analgesics].","authors":"L Olgart","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Increased pain fibre activity in response to tissue injury results in changes in gene expression and prolonged changes in nerves and their environment. The resulting hyperalgesia and prolonged spontaneous pain are due both to increased sensitivity of peripheral nociceptors (primary hyperalgesia) and to faciliated spinal cord transmission (secondary hyperalgesia, receptive field expansion and allodynia). Hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurones is first triggered by increased neuronal barrage into the central nervous system (\"wind-up\"), and later by retrograde chemical influences from the peripheral inflammation (central sensitisation). Central transmission and hyperexcitability are mediated by excitatory amino acids (aspartate and glutamate) and by tachykinins (substance P). Normally, the net effect of the activity in a complex network of inhibitory neurones in the spinal cord (\"gate control\"), driven by descending projections from brain stem sites, is to dampen and counteract the spinal cord hyperexcitability produced by tissue or nerve injury. Thus, peripherally evoked pain impulses pass through a filtering process involving gamma-aminobutyric acid, glycine and enkephalins. The activity of these substances in the spinal cord usually attenuates and limits the duration of pain. In the case of persistent pain, there is evidence of pathological reduction of the supraspinal net inhibitory actions in combination with ectopic afferent input in damaged nerves. Hence, the pathology of chronic pain (neuropathic pain) differs from that of nociceptive pain and conventional pharmacological treatment of chronic central pain is usually less successful than treatment of inflammation-related pain. The many newly discovered mechanisms for the transmission and modulation of pain impulses are characterised by complex activity-dependent plasticity, which means that therapeutic strategies for persistent pain must be adapted to changing targets--either at the site of injury or at other sites in the central nervous system.","PeriodicalId":19261,"journal":{"name":"Nordisk medicin","volume":"113 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20392556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[How shall we set priorities among experimental treatment methods?]. [我们如何在实验治疗方法中确定优先顺序?]

Nordisk medicin Pub Date : 1998-01-01

O F Norheim, O Ekeberg, S A Evensen, M Halvorsen, K Kvernebo

引用次数: 0