Nigerian journal of paediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Conference of the Paediatric Association of Nigeria, fifty years post inception: Feedback from conference attendees","authors":"O. Chioma, Ideh Readon Chigozie","doi":"10.4314/njp.v48i4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v48i4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Objectives: The Annual General Meeting and Scientific Conference of the Paediatrics Association of Nigeria has been a yearly event holding in different cities in Nigeria in the past 50 years. It is the largest gathering of child health care workers in the country and plays a major role in information dissemination as well as advocacy for the Nigerian child. This study set out to assess the perception of the conference attendees concerning key aspects of the conference. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was done on participants attending the 50th anniversary of the Paediatric Association of Nigeria Conference in Ibadan, Nigeria. A self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire designed by the authors was used to obtain sociodemographic and conference perception data. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: There were 133 respondents, 92 (69.2%) females and 41 (30.8%) males. 42.9% of respondents were Consultants. The study participants cut across the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Most, 92(69.2%) of the participants had attended the conference up to 3 times. The common reasons given for attending the conference were career growth(53.4%) and information gathering (27.1%). 106 (79.7%) of the participants reported that the oral abstract presentations were their most preferred aspect of the conference.52 (39.1%) of the participants were satisfied with all aspects of the conference while 6(4.5%) of the participants felt the accommodation arrangements for the conference should be improved upon. Suggestions made by participants of areas to be included in the schedule of activities during the conference included city touring, aerobics/sports and mentoring activities. While 51(38.3%) of the participants were unable to select the best of the paediatric conferences they have attended, 26 (19.5%) affirmed that the PAN conference in Abuja 2018 was their best. Conclusion: Career growth and the academic aspects of the Paediatric Association of Nigeria Conference are major attractions for conference attendance. The social and supporting aspects of the conference should be improved to boost attendees’ overall satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78080683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status and serum vitamin A, protein and albumin levels in children six to fifty-nine months in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria","authors":"S. Abdullahi, S. Mado, S. Akuyam","doi":"10.4314/njp.v48i4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v48i4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is a major public health problem in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and often arises during protein and/or energy deficits due to nutritional inadequacy, poor socio-economic and environmental conditions and infections. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is an important health concern in severe malnutrition and has been found to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Children with PEM have greater deficiency of total protein and albumin and in severe cases the total protein may be reduced to about 50 per-cent. The objective of this study was to determine the serum vitamin A, total protein and albumin in malnourished children aged 6-59 months at Institute of Child Health Zaria. \u0000Methods: This study was a case control health- based descriptive study to determine the relationship between serum vitamin A, protein and albumin levels among children with Protein Energy Malnutrition and their controls at Institute of Child Health, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) Zaria. Using systematic sampling method, a total of 132 children (cases and controls) between 6 and 59 months of age were selected for assessment of their serum vitamin A, protein and albumin. Serum vitamin A level was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography while the total serum protein and albumin levels were analyzed on the Boerhringer Mannheim Automated Hitachi system 704 using the Biuret and colour change methods respectively. \u0000Results: The highest mean serum vitamin A (60.28±11.03μg/dl) and mean protein (61.24±10.12g/dl) among malnourished group were seen in marasmic –kwashiokor. For the controls, the mean serum protein is 62.96±5.99g/dl while the mean serum vitamin A is 59.44±13.90μg/dl. The overall mean serum protein for study group and controls were 50.2 4 ± 12.33μg/dl and 62.96±5.99g/dl respectively and the difference between them was statistically significant (p<0.01) The highest mean retinol (60.28±11.03) and albumin (38.43±30.14g/dl) were recorded among the marasmic-kwashiorkor malnutrition, while for the controls, the mean retinol was 50.44±13.90μg/dl and the mean serum albumin was 37.62±40.98g/dl. The overall mean serum albumin for both study group and controls were37.17±12.22g/dl and 37.62±40.98g/dl respectively and the difference between them was statistically significant (p<0.04). \u0000Conclusion: The serumprotein and albumin showed positive correlation with serum vitamin A levels. The highest mean serum vitamin A, protein and albumin was seen in marasmic-kwashiorkor among under-nourished children","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80362331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenoleukodystrophy in a Nigerian boy: A case report and review of literature","authors":"Paulin Karachi Akowundu, Z. Opoola, U. Ibrahim, Foluso Afolabi Lesi","doi":"10.4314/njp.v48i4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v48i4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a hereditary, X-linked metabolic disorder with autosomal recessive traits. It arises from mutation in ABCD1 gene on chromosome Xq28. This mutation leads to demyelination of the nervous system, adrenal insufficiency and accumulation of Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFA). The long chain fatty acids accumulates in tissues throughout the body but the most severely affected tissues are the myelin in the central nervous system, the adrenal cortex and the Leydig cells in the testes. The phenotypic presentations are highly variable which may lead to delayed recognition and misdiagnosis. Most young patients with ALD develop seizures and progressive neurological deficits. It may initially manifest with alterations of behaviour, hearing, vision, speech, gait and in more advanced cases, it results in generalized hypertension, dysphagia and loss of cognitive and motor function. We report a case of adrenoleukodystrophy in a Nigerian boy and also review the existing literature on the condition to increase the awareness and knowledge of this disorder.","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"128 23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87763018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of malignant head and neck tumors among children in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital","authors":"B. Edetanlen, Y. Israel-aina, O. Babalola","doi":"10.4314/njp.v48i4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v48i4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The pattern of head and neck cancer in children are well documented among Caucasians and the Orientals but this cannot be said among African children especially in developing country like Nigeria. \u0000Aim: To evaluate the pattern of malignant head and neck tumours among children in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. \u0000Method: A retrospective study of cases of head and neck childhood malignancies at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin- City, Nigeria over a 12-year period, from January 2009 to December 2020. \u0000Results: A total of 127 children with head and neck malignant tumours were seen in this period. The mean age of children was 5.27±4.72 years (age range, 0.3 to 18 years). There were 83(65.4%) males and 44(34.6%) females. The most frequently seen tumour was retinoblastoma (44.1%) and this was followed by rhabdomyosarcoma (18.1%) and Burkitt’s lymphoma (16.5%). Apart from Burkitt’s lymphoma that was commonest in the 6-12 years group, all other cancers were most frequent during the 0-5 years. The peak incidence of cases was seen in 2015 followed by 2016 and 2019. Regarding the outcome of the treatment, 8(6.3%) of the patients died of their disease while just only 1 (0.8%) was discharged against medical advice \u0000Conclusion: Retinoblastoma followed by rhabdomyosarcoma and Burkitt’s lymphoma were the most common tumors in study locality.","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82251239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can clinical features predict Lassa virus positivity and outcome in children suspected of Lassa virus disease in a tertiary hospital, Southeast Nigeria?","authors":"M. Orji, B. Onyire, C. Ogeh","doi":"10.4314/njp.v48i4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v48i4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lassa virus disease (LVD) is of public health concern in endemic countries of Africa. Majority of Lassa virus infections are asymptomatic while symptomatic cases can mimic other infections. This study was aimed at determining the clinical features seen in children with positive Lassa virus PCR and symptoms that determine outcome of LVD in an endemic community, Southeast Nigeria. \u0000Materials and methods: It was a prospective observational study that enrolled 183 children that met the criteria for LVD suspects. These were subjected to the Lassa virus polymerase chain reaction test (PCR). Structured questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information from suspects. \u0000Results: Twenty-four out of the 183 were positive to Lassa virus PCR, giving a positivity rate of 13.1%. The odds of having a positive Lassa PCR result was about 4 times in children with history of abdominal pain (OR= 3.65, p= 0.010) and about 3 times in Lassa fever suspects with vomiting (OR= 2.63, p= 0.040). However these symptoms had low sensitivity and positive predictive values of 42% and 28% for abdominal pain, and 42%, 23% for vomiting respectively. Seven out of 24 children died during the study period, giving a case fatality rate of 29.2%, with bleeding (83.3%) and poor urine volume (83.3%) as major causes of case fatality. \u0000Conclusion: Vomiting and abdominal pain though were common presentations besides fever, had low sensitivity and positive predictive values for LVD, therefore cannot predict a positive Lassa PCR result. Awareness creation for a Lassa virus PCR test after 2 days of treatment of febrile illness is advocated.","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91206357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis on the burden of neonatal seizures in Nigeria","authors":"O. Ezeanosike, I. Akamike, I. Okedo-Alex, Datonye Briggs, D. Obu, Onyinye Uchenna Anyanwu, O. Daniyan, E. Alikor","doi":"10.4314/njp.v48i4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v48i4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Neonatal seizures are a significant contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality in Nigeria and the magnitude of the burden is unknown. A comprehensive systematic review is needed to determine the pooled magnitude and causes of neonatal seizures in Nigeria since the true estimate is yet to be determined. Therefore, this study aims to develop a protocol to assess the burden and causes of neonatal seizures in Nigeria. \u0000A search strategy is developed using MeSH terms, text words, and entry terms. Nine databases will be searched including Pub- Med, African journals online, Google Scholar, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, Psych Info, Web of Science, Scopus, and Research Gate. Only observational studies, retrievable in the English language and conducted in Nigerian neonates will be included. The primary outcome of this study is the pooled prevalence of neonatal seizures in Nigeria. The secondary outcomes include the seizure types, causes, method of detection, and outcome in the neonates. Screening of identified studies will be done in End Note version 20 and duplicates removed, before exporting to Microsoft 365 excel sheet for data extraction by independent reviewers. Studies will be assessed for methodological, clinical, and statistical heterogeneity and if required, a meta-analysis will be done. Stata 16 IC will be used for data analysis. Various subgroup analyses will also be done. A funnel plot will be used for the assessment of publication bias. Results will be presented in tabular formats, narrative synthesis, and regression plots. \u0000The data from this review will reveal the pooled prevalence of neonatal seizures in Nigeria. It will create an avenue for discussion on the types, causes, and outcome of neonatal seizures. The findings will also enable discussions on how to address the causes of neonatal seizures in Nigeria and provide evidence for policy recommendations to reduce morbidity and mortality resulting from neonatal seizures in Nigeria. \u0000Trial registration number: This protocol is registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42020220097.","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76941264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the use of surfactant and Nasal CPAP in the reduction of mortality among very low birth weight preterm babies in Ile-Ife, south western Nigeria","authors":"E. Adejuyigbe, OOsaqie Joseph Ugowe, C. Anyabolu, T. Babalola","doi":"10.4314/njp.v49i3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v49i3.4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78345529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of caregivers and needs of children with parents in a Nigerian prison","authors":"B. Ogunbosi, A. Adepoju, Adebola Emmanuel Orimadegun, G. Odaibo, O. Olaleye, O. Akinyinka","doi":"10.4314/njp.v49i3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v49i3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Separation of a parent from the family as a result of incarceration has both short-term and long-term effects on the family, even after release from  prison. This study is a report of factors and challenges of the family left to adapt to the changed circumstances of separation from parent(s) who are  incarcerated. \u0000 Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out on 89 care -givers of children whose parents are incarcerated at the Agodi  prison, Ibadan who gave informed and written consent to interview their families. \u0000Results: Most caregivers had little or no formal education (69.7%)  and 67.4% are into petty trading or subsistence farming. A majority of the caregivers reported the need of schooling (85.4%), provision of food  (84.3%) and medical care (71.9%) as major challenges, only 25% received any form of support to meet these needs. Twenty-nine (32.6%)  respondents reported receiving financial support to provide for the child’s feeding. Some care-givers 21 (23.6%), obtained loans to cope with the  financial needs of the children hile only 3 (3.4%) received support  from family or other nongovernmental organisations. \u0000Conclusion: The caregivers  of children of prison inmates face significant challenges in meeting the needs of feeding, health and schooling. Support structures and policies to  address these gaps are required.","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81725638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of point-of-care glucometers and laboratory based glucose oxidase test in determining blood glucose levels.","authors":"B. Ogunbosi, O. O. Jarrett, Adebola Emmanuel Orimadegun, O. Ayoola, K. Osinusi","doi":"10.4314/njp.v49i3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v49i3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Alterations in blood glucose levels are common and an important determinant of a patient's admission outcomes, point-of-care glucometers, which are affected by a variety of factors, are increasingly used in clinical care. In this study we compared blood glucose levels determined by two commonly used glucometers (One Touch® and Accu-check®) with those of a standard laboratory method and determined the effect of haematocrit on glucose readings.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Blood glucose levels were measured with One Touch® and Accu-Check® glucometers and the glucose oxidase method at the same time in 295 children aged 0 to 15 years over a 6-month period. Bland-Altman and correlation analysis were used to explore biases among the three methods. For all statistical tests, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Most were males (51.2%) and the median (range) age was 1 year (1 day, 12 years). There was a significant correlation between each of the glucometer methods and laboratory blood sugar, and the correlation between the two glucometers was strong and significant. This correlation remained statistically significant even after controlling for haematocrit values. There was an acceptable level of bias (3.9 mg/dL) between the One Touch® and Accu-check® glucometers, but each had a remarkably large bias compared with the glucose oxidase method.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000The use of a tested glucometer in clinical settings can aid in rapid decision-making, but there is a need to periodically cross-check with the glucose oxidase method in the laboratory to optimise treatment outcomes for children with dysglycaemia.","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"37 1","pages":"266-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78342695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferritin concentrations in low-birth babies in South-west Nigeria","authors":"A. Adediran, Sunday Isife, V. Osunkalu, T. Wakama, S. Ocheni","doi":"10.4314/njp.v49i3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njp.v49i3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the absence of acute phase reaction, ferritin concentration has been used as a standard measurement of iron stores. Low birth  weight babies are at risk of developing iron lack because ferritin concentration at birth is influenced by duration of gestation, maternal iron status  and conditions altering maternal–foetal iron exchange. \u0000Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the ferritin concentrations of low birth weight babies in comparison with that of normal birth weight  babies. \u0000Materials and methods: Fortyfour normal birth weight (NBW) babies and 40 low birth weight (LBW) babies were recruited for the study. About  1.0ml of venous blood was drawn aseptically from each subject into a micro EDTA tube, centrifuged at 5000rpm for 5 minutes, the plasma separated  into cryotubes and stored at-20oC until ready for quantitative determination of ferritin concentrations using direct immunoenzymatic  colorimetric method. Data obtained was analysed statistically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 23, Chicago, IL, USA).    \u0000Results: Gestational age correlated positively with ferritin concentrations in LBW neonates (p<0.05) while APGAR score correlated positively with  ferritin concentrations in normal birth weight babies (r=0.398; p<0.05). Though not statistically significant (p=0.214), median values for ferritin  concentrations were 188.5μg/dl and 373μg/dl for LBW and NBW neonates respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Gestational age correlated positively with ferritin concentrations in LBW neonates. ","PeriodicalId":19199,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of paediatrics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74440765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}