Neurotoxicology最新文献_第7页

Protective effects of sodium benzoate against toluene-induced reward enhancement, behavioral disturbances, and impaired synaptic plasticity in mice 苯甲酸钠对甲苯诱导的小鼠奖赏增强、行为障碍和突触可塑性受损的保护作用

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103403

Chung-Pin Hsieh , Mei-Yi Lee , Chia-Yu Lin , Ming-Huan Chan , Hwei-Hsien Chen

{"title":"Protective effects of sodium benzoate against toluene-induced reward enhancement, behavioral disturbances, and impaired synaptic plasticity in mice","authors":"Chung-Pin Hsieh , Mei-Yi Lee , Chia-Yu Lin , Ming-Huan Chan , Hwei-Hsien Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toluene is one of the most commonly abused solvents. Inhibition of N-methyl-<span>D</span>-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) has been linked to the rewarding and behavioral effects of toluene. One of the avenues to enhance NMDAR function is to increase the levels of <span>D</span>-serine via inhibiting <span>D</span>-amino acids oxidase (DAAO) activity. The present study determined whether sodium benzoate, a DAAO inhibitor, could counteract the toluene-induced brain stimulation reward enhancement, behavioral disturbances, and hippocampal synaptic dysfunction after acute toluene exposure. Male mice received various doses of sodium benzoate before toluene exposure for assessment of intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) thresholds, rotarod test, novel object recognition task, social interaction test, and long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) of hippocampal synaptic transmission. Sodium benzoate prevented the lowering of ICSS thresholds, motor incoordination, social withdrawal, object recognition memory deficit, and impaired LTP and LTD induced by toluene. These results indicate that sodium benzoate could ameliorate toluene-induced facilitation of brain reward function, behavioral disturbances, and synaptic plasticity impairment, suggesting that sodium benzoate may be a promising compound against acute toluene intoxication caused by unintentional or deliberate inhalation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promethazine provokes behavioral alterations and disrupts redox homeostasis in planarians 异丙嗪引起涡虫的行为改变并破坏氧化还原稳态。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103408

Kalinka Kendra Mayeski , Camila Caetano Solek , Karina Mara Carus , Juliana Feix , Luiz Carlos Cichota , Helissara Silveira Diefenthaeler , Itamar Luís Gonçalves , Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral

{"title":"Promethazine provokes behavioral alterations and disrupts redox homeostasis in planarians","authors":"Kalinka Kendra Mayeski , Camila Caetano Solek , Karina Mara Carus , Juliana Feix , Luiz Carlos Cichota , Helissara Silveira Diefenthaeler , Itamar Luís Gonçalves , Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Promethazine is a first-generation H1 antihistamine that affects a variety of targets in the vertebrate nervous system, which explains its sedative effects and other neurological actions that are not fully clarified. To better understand the neurobiological activity of promethazine, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of promethazine on behavioral and redox homeostasis parameters in planarians (<em>Girardia tigrina</em>), in order to better understand its potential neurobiological effects. Planarians were pre-incubated for 1 h, 6 h or directly exposed to different concentrations of promethazine (5, 10, 25, and 50 µM) and, subsequently, the behavioral and redox homeostasis parameters were assessed. Locomotor activity was recorded for 5 min and analyzed using ToxTrac software, measuring parameters such as average speed, average acceleration, exploration rate, mobility rate, distance and trajectory. Redox homeostasis markers were also assessed, including malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, sulfhydryl content, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Low concentrations of promethazine (5 and 10 µM) increased locomotor activity, while higher concentrations (25 and 50 µM) led to a significant reduction in average speed and exploration rate. Additionally, 1 h pre-incubation in the presence of promethazine increased MDA levels, GSH concentrations, and SOD activity, without affecting sulfhydryl content, suggesting lipid peroxidation and changes in antioxidant response in planarians. Overall, the study demonstrates that promethazine significantly alters planarian behavior and disrupts redox homeostasis, indicating a strong neuroactive response in planarians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146207407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Planarian behavioral screening is a useful invertebrate model for evaluating seizurogenic chemicals 涡虫行为筛选是一种有用的评估癫痫性尿源化学物质的无脊椎动物模型。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103412

Danielle Ireland , Evangeline Coffinas , Christina Rabeler , Eva-Maria S. Collins

{"title":"Planarian behavioral screening is a useful invertebrate model for evaluating seizurogenic chemicals","authors":"Danielle Ireland , Evangeline Coffinas , Christina Rabeler , Eva-Maria S. Collins","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detecting adverse health effects of drugs and other chemicals early during chemical/drug development saves significant time and resources. Freshwater planarians are an emerging invertebrate model for rapid, cost-effective neurotoxicity screening. Because planarians exhibit seizure-like behavior when exposed to chemicals that cause seizures in mammals, such as N-methyl-<span>D</span>-aspartate (NMDA) and picrotoxin, they could be a useful first-tier model for seizure screening and thus reduce the need for slow and expensive mammalian tests. However, planarian seizure studies to date have been low-throughput and lacking the necessary standardization and automated analysis to make this model a viable screening solution. Here, we present results from medium-throughput behavioral testing conducted in 48-well plates using two popular models for planarian pharmacological and toxicological studies: <em>Dugesia japonica</em> and <em>Girardia dorotocephala</em>. Planarian behavior was scored using automated image analysis, measuring both translational behavior and body shape changes. We found that known seizurogenic compounds in mammals (NMDA, nicotine, picrotoxin, pilocarpine, and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)) induced seizure-like behavior in both planarian species within 30 min of exposure. We also tested three pesticides (parathion, carbaryl, and permethrin). Parathion and carbaryl, but not permethrin, caused planarian seizure-like activity. While the planarian species responded similarly to most compounds, some compounds showed potency differences of 10–100-fold (pilocarpine and nicotine, respectively). <em>G. dorotocephala</em> planarians were generally more sensitive, but <em>D. japonica</em> planarians displayed more reproducible behaviors. By standardizing both experimental approach and analysis methods and making them available, this work can serve as a framework for future testing of chemicals for seizurogenic potential in planarians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From correlation to causation: Integrating cohorts with experimental studies in mixture toxicology 从相关性到因果关系：混合毒理学的综合队列与实验研究。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103399

Ahmed Elagali , Joëlle Rüegg , Nicolò Caporale , Giuseppe Testa , Maria Sapounidou , Jean-Baptiste Fini , Patrik L. Andersson , Sarah Dunlop , Carl-Gustaf Bornehag , Chris Gennings

{"title":"From correlation to causation: Integrating cohorts with experimental studies in mixture toxicology","authors":"Ahmed Elagali , Joëlle Rüegg , Nicolò Caporale , Giuseppe Testa , Maria Sapounidou , Jean-Baptiste Fini , Patrik L. Andersson , Sarah Dunlop , Carl-Gustaf Bornehag , Chris Gennings","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Harmful chemical mixtures are pervasive in the environment, yet traditional epidemiological designs face major challenges in establishing causal links between individual chemicals or mixture exposures and health outcomes. These challenges arise from the high dimensionality and inter-correlation of exposures, their mediation through complex molecular pathways, and the practical absence of truly unexposed control groups, due to the ubiquity of synthetic chemicals. However, environmental health research is entering a new era defined by integration of epidemiological and experimental studies as well as recent advances in molecular technologies and computational modelling. Here, we introduce four approaches designed to advance our understanding of chemical mixtures and move beyond correlation to causation and intervention: 1) ‘<em>hMIX’</em> which integrates human relevant reference mixtures with experimental evidence of adverse effects; 2) the Similar Mixture Approach <em>(SMACH</em>) that translates hazards of chemical mixtures to risks across populations; 3) hybrid epidemiology that bridges experimental and population-based mechanistic insights; and 4) counterfactual theoretical interventions tailored to examine the health benefits of reducing exposure to specific harmful chemicals or mixtures. We propose an integrative framework combining these four approaches to move the chemical mixture field towards causality — a critical step toward predicting and preventing chemical mixture related health effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Schoolchildren’s exposure to potentially toxic metals/metalloids and cognitive impairments in communities of the Brazilian Amazon new agricultural frontiers 巴西亚马逊新农业前沿社区学童接触潜在有毒金属/类金属和认知障碍

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103404

J.A. Menezes-Filho , E.C.A. Di Giuseppe , T.M.P. Moraes , B.A.T. Couto , B.S. Ferreira , N.B. Matos da Silva , C.S. Lima , W.P. Moraes , A.C. Florentino , F. Barbosa-Jr , C.J.S. Passos

{"title":"Schoolchildren’s exposure to potentially toxic metals/metalloids and cognitive impairments in communities of the Brazilian Amazon new agricultural frontiers","authors":"J.A. Menezes-Filho , E.C.A. Di Giuseppe , T.M.P. Moraes , B.A.T. Couto , B.S. Ferreira , N.B. Matos da Silva , C.S. Lima , W.P. Moraes , A.C. Florentino , F. Barbosa-Jr , C.J.S. Passos","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brazilian Amazon communities near new agricultural frontiers are affected by the extensive use of pesticides and dust exposure due to soil erosion. This study investigated the exposure to potentially toxic metals/metalloids and associations with cognitive impairments in Amazonian children living near new agricultural frontiers (soybean crops). This cross-sectional study was conducted in six communities in the Santarém plateau, State of Pará, Brazil. During the 2024 rainy season soy plantation, we collected cubital blood samples of 69 children aged 6–12 years. Metals/metalloids were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cognitive evaluation was performed in 53 children using Raven Colorful Matrix, NEPSY II, and FDT tests. Blood lead (PbB) median (range) was 1.9 μg/dL (0.6–40.1), 14.3 % above 3.5 μg/dL. Total blood mercury (THgB) concentrations were 2.11 μg/L (0.45–17.07), of which 17.4 % were above the reference level of 5 μg/L. Non-linear and linear associations were evaluated between metal levels and cognitive outcomes, adjusting for children’s age, sex, and maternal education. OLS regressions detected a significant inverse association between Log<sub>2</sub>PbB levels and the verbal domain scores (β= −2.71, 95 %-CI: −4.46 to −0.95), which was also non-linearly negatively associated with Raven raw scores. Log<sub>2</sub>Hg levels were negatively associated with Raven percentile scores (β= −5.05, 95 %-CI= −10.20–0.11), with Se levels significantly affecting the association. Amazonian children are vulnerable to cognitive impairments associated with lead exposure, likely originating from foods cultivated in naturally Pb-rich soils, and to mercury exposure resulting from a diet rich in contaminated fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146195335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanoplastics exacerbate lead exposure-induced developmental neurotoxicity by disrupting gut integrity in Drosophila 纳米塑料通过破坏果蝇肠道完整性加剧铅暴露诱导的发育性神经毒性。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103407

Xiaoxiao Luo , Ke Zhang , Kaishun Chen , Jiangyan Pan , Yiming Ding , Xiaoyan Zhang , Qian Li , Mingkuan Sun

{"title":"Nanoplastics exacerbate lead exposure-induced developmental neurotoxicity by disrupting gut integrity in Drosophila","authors":"Xiaoxiao Luo , Ke Zhang , Kaishun Chen , Jiangyan Pan , Yiming Ding , Xiaoyan Zhang , Qian Li , Mingkuan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead (Pb), a neurotoxic heavy metal, can accumulate in the central nervous system (CNS) by crossing the blood-brain barrier and cause damage, while micro-nanoplastics (MNPs) are known to absorb Pb and enhance its toxicity. However, the synergistic effects of co-exposure on neurodevelopment remain unclear. This study established a <em>Drosophila</em> model to systematically evaluate the neurodevelopmental toxicity of combined nanoplastics (NPs) and Pb exposure. Behavioral tests revealed that co-exposure significantly exacerbated learning and memory deficits compared to Pb exposure alone, accompanied by reduced pupation and eclosion rates, as well as delayed development. Female flies showed decreased survival rates and more severe impairments in climbing and motor activity. Mechanistic investigations indicated that co-exposure promoted Pb accumulation in neural tissues, aggravated oxidative stress (elevated SOD activity, decreased CAT activity, and increased MDA levels), disrupted neuromuscular junction (NMJ) development and Mushroom body (MB) axon guidance, and induced intestinal damage (increased epithelial cell mortality and microvilli structural abnormalities). This study demonstrates that NPs synergistically enhance Pb-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity through multiple pathways, providing critical toxicological evidence for the health risks of environmental composite pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced CHOP activation mediates NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis in BDE-47-induced cognitive dysfunction 内质网应激诱导的CHOP激活介导bde -47诱导的认知功能障碍中NLRP3炎性小体依赖性焦亡。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103409

Quan Yuan , Rui Zhang , Jun Hu , Siman Lin , Ying Zhu , Junhong Geng , Ge Du , Xiao Yang , Yipin Zhao , Dongmei Wang , Binbin Wang , Hua Fan

{"title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced CHOP activation mediates NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis in BDE-47-induced cognitive dysfunction","authors":"Quan Yuan , Rui Zhang , Jun Hu , Siman Lin , Ying Zhu , Junhong Geng , Ge Du , Xiao Yang , Yipin Zhao , Dongmei Wang , Binbin Wang , Hua Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent studies have unraveled a striking association between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Prior research has documented that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to BDE-47-induced cytotoxicity, while ER stress has also been implicated in mediating the toxic effects of brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs). However, the intricate interplay between ER stress and the NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as their combined impact on neuronal pyroptosis and cognitive deficits following BDE-47 exposure, remains underexplored. Our results revealed pronounced ER stress in BDE-47-treated mouse hippocampi and SH-SY5Y cells, as evidenced by significantly elevated expression of key ER stress markers, including p-PERK, p-IRE1α, ATF6, and CHOP, and accompanied by observable ER dilation. Further mechanistic investigations demonstrated that BDE-47-induced upregulation of CHOP activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby triggering subsequent neuronal pyroptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Notably, intervention with either the ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA or CHOP siRNA effectively abrogated BDE-47-induced, NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent neuronal pyroptosis. Furthermore, administration of the ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA or the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 substantially mitigated hippocampal neuronal injury and synaptic dysfunction, while concomitantly alleviating cognitive deficits in BDE-47-exposed mice. Collectively, integrative analysis of our experimental data illuminates previously unrecognized mechanisms underlying BDE-47-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that targeting ER stress-mediated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the ensuing neuronal pyroptosis could represent a potential therapeutic strategy for ameliorating BDE-47-associated neurobehavioral impairments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146227644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal intestinal dysbiosis mediated by sevoflurane exposure during pregnancy leads to altered gut microbiota and metabolites and cognitive dysfunction in the offspring 怀孕期间暴露于七氟醚介导的母体肠道失调会导致后代肠道微生物群和代谢物的改变和认知功能障碍。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103413

Wenjing Dong , Xiaoxue Ren , Xutong Qu , Jiaying Li , Mingqi Li , Shaofei Wang , Peng Liu , Jiandong Sun , Lihua Jiang , Huiping Li , Changsong Wang , Zhaodi Zhang

{"title":"Maternal intestinal dysbiosis mediated by sevoflurane exposure during pregnancy leads to altered gut microbiota and metabolites and cognitive dysfunction in the offspring","authors":"Wenjing Dong , Xiaoxue Ren , Xutong Qu , Jiaying Li , Mingqi Li , Shaofei Wang , Peng Liu , Jiandong Sun , Lihua Jiang , Huiping Li , Changsong Wang , Zhaodi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prenatal exposure to anesthetic drugs, such as sevoflurane, may exert a long-lasting impact on neurological function in the offspring. This study aims to investigate the consequence of prenatal sevoflurane exposure on cognitive function in offspring mice. C57BL/6 J mice of 2–3 months of age were housed under standard environmental conditions. Pregnant mice were randomly assigned to receive either sevoflurane exposure or to serve as control group. Behavioral tests conducted included the novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze test. During the terminal phase of the experiment, fecal samples from the mother and offspring, as well as serum and hippocampal samples from the offspring, were collected for microbiome and metabolomic analyses. Behavioral experiments showed that cognitive function was impaired in the offspring mice of the anesthetized group. In addition, sevoflurane altered the gut microbiota composition in pregnant mice and their offspring, with reduced <em>Prevotella</em> abundance in the anesthetized group. Metabolomics analyses showed that anesthetized and control offspring also exhibited significant differences in metabolites in fecal, serum, and hippocampal samples, particularly in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway. Further correlation analyses showed a significant correlation between the gut microbiota (especially <em>Prevotella</em>) and differential metabolites in the hippocampus. These results indicate that prenatal sevoflurane exposure disrupts gut microbiota and metabolic pathways, potentially contributing to cognitive deficits in offspring via the gut-brain axis, highlighting risks of anesthesia during pregnancy on fetal neurodevelopment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147308517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of military occupational combustion smoke inhalation on neuroinflammation and brain health 军事职业燃烧烟雾吸入对神经炎症和脑健康的影响。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103394

Anthony R. White

{"title":"The impact of military occupational combustion smoke inhalation on neuroinflammation and brain health","authors":"Anthony R. White","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2026.103394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Airborne combustion emissions from military burn pits, wildfires, and urban/industrial sources are increasingly recognized as a component of the neurotoxic exposome, with potential consequences extending beyond cardiopulmonary disease to brain health. These aerosols comprise heterogeneous mixtures of fine and ultrafine particulate matter (PM₂.₅/PM₀.₁), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, metals, and reactive gases whose composition varies with fuel type, combustion efficiency, and atmospheric aging. Evidence from experimental models, epidemiology, and exposed human cohorts supports two principal routes by which inhaled pollutants may influence the central nervous system: (i) the lung-brain axis, where pulmonary oxidative injury and systemic immune activation promote endothelial dysfunction and compromise blood-brain barrier integrity; and (ii) the olfactory (nose-to-brain) pathway, in which ultrafine and lipophilic constituents interact with the olfactory neuroepithelium and are associated with early neuroimmune changes in olfactory-connected brain regions. At the cellular level, these exposures converge on microglial and astrocytic activation, TLR–NF-κB and inflammasome signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction, and lipid peroxidation, processes that can sustain chronic neuroinflammation and plausibly interact with ‘second hits’ such as traumatic brain injury, psychological stress, heat stress, sleep disruption, and cardiometabolic comorbidity. Veterans and wildland firefighters represent sentinel occupational groups for defining exposure-biomarker-outcome relationships. This review brings together current evidence linking combustion-derived aerosols to neuroinflammatory and neurodegeneration-relevant mechanisms, highlighting source-specific considerations for military operational exposure, and outlines translational strategies for exposure monitoring, multi-omic biomarker discovery (blood and nasal/olfactory sampling), and early risk stratification to enable targeted prevention in vulnerable populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146093547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI): Cisplatin’s effects on neurotransmitter regulation and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster 化疗诱导的认知障碍（CICI）：顺铂对黑腹果蝇神经递质调节和氧化应激的影响

IF 3.9 3区医学

Neurotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2025.103365

Raifa Abdul Aziz , Deepa Mugudthi Venugopal , Avinash Kundadka Kudva , Ramesha Hanumanthappa , Mohammed S. Mustak , KuramkoteShivanna Devaraju , Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga , Shamprasad Varija Raghu

{"title":"Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI): Cisplatin’s effects on neurotransmitter regulation and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Raifa Abdul Aziz , Deepa Mugudthi Venugopal , Avinash Kundadka Kudva , Ramesha Hanumanthappa , Mohammed S. Mustak , KuramkoteShivanna Devaraju , Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga , Shamprasad Varija Raghu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuro.2025.103365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuro.2025.103365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), commonly known as \"chemo brain,\" is a significant and persistent complication of cancer therapy, characterized by memory deficits and broader cognitive dysfunction. Despite its prevalence among cancer survivors, the underlying neurotoxic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we utilized <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> as a model organism to systematically investigate the neurobiological effects of cisplatin, a widely used platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent. Cisplatin exposure led to a marked reduction in lifespan and impaired locomotor function, indicating pronounced neurotoxicity. Biochemical analyses demonstrated dose-dependent disruptions in oxidative stress parameters - such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity- alongside elevated reactive oxygen species and pro-apoptotic gene expression within neural tissues. Furthermore, cisplatin altered the synthesis and regulation of key neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, GABA, dopamine, and serotonin. Collectively, these findings establish <em>Drosophila</em> as a robust, translationally relevant model for elucidating the molecular pathways of CICI and for high-throughput screening of neuroprotective interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19189,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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