{"title":"Sonography in chronic distension of the abdomen and apparent pregnancy","authors":"J. Seffah","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54795","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : To find out the causes of chronic distension of the abdomen in women who thought they were pregnant; and the role of sonography in their management. Method : A retrospective study Results : There were 394 patients in the study. The mean age was 36.2 ± 1.7. Uterine fibroids (42%) and ovarian benign tumours (11%) were the main findings. Cancer of the cervix (10%) cancer of endometrium 3.3%; cancer of ovary (3.6%) and medical conditions – obesity (6.3%), cirrhosis of liver 3.8% were also important findings. The sensitivity for using sonography in diagnosing fibroids, ovarian cancers and benign ovarian tumours was 90.4%; 66%; and 86% respectively. Conclusion : Sonography can exclude pregnancy and it is reliable in diagnosing many causes of chronic abdominal distension. Histopathology is mandatory in ovarian tumours","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91415597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cancrum oris among Nigerian children.","authors":"D. Adeola, S. Eguma, C. Ononiwu","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54758","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancrum oris is a serious health and social problem in developing societies. A retrospective review of Cancrum Oris patients seen in ABUTH over a ten- year period was done to determine the predisposing factors and management. Method: Data was obtained from patient’s case notes, theatre records and clinic notes. Results: 252 patients were seen during the period under review. The highest incidence occurred in the 36 year age group. There was no significant sex difference in presentation. The predisposing factors were large family size, low socioeconomic status, poor nutritional status and childhood diseases especially measles and malaria. There was a seasonal variation, with the disease occurring most often during the dry season. The Hausa-Fulani ethnic groups were more commonly affected. Cancrum oris caused both soft and bony tissue destruction in 90% of patients and affected both mandible and maxilla resulting in bony ankylosis. There is an apparent reduction in mortality due probably to the advent of potent antibiotics. Conclusion: Poor oral hygiene, malnutrition, debilitating diseases (such as HIV/AIDS) and lack of maternal care have been identified as predisposing factors to the development of the disease. Health education and economic empowerment are still required in order to curb the menace of this devastating disease.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75377645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microbiology of post-operative wound infection in implant surgery","authors":"I. Onche, O. Adedeji","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54787","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of fractures with implants and prosthesis has become the first line in the management of fractures in most trauma centres. Incidentally, this is associated with post-operative wound infection which is accompanied by significant morbidity, cost and mortality. The objective of this paper was to identify the pattern of the bacteriological isolates responsible and their antimicrobial sensitivity Method : We prospectively studied two hundred and fifty-four patients who had ORIF with implants and prosthesis that fulfilled a set of inclusion criteria. Post-operative wound infection was diagnosed based on the criteria of the National Research Council and follow-up was for twelve weeks. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures were carried out on each specimen. Results : Two hundred and fifty-four patients were recruited and 19 had post-operative wound infection. The infection rate was 7.5%.Plates and screws were the commonest implant. Thirty-six bacterial isolates were recovered. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest in 16 cases (44%), Bacteroides fragilis 4(11%), Escherichia coli 4(11%), Proteus spp.4 (11%).Others were Pseudomonas spp, Klebsiella spp. and Peptostreptococcus. Cephalosporins were found to be the most potent against Staphylococcus aureus while the anaerobes responded favourably to metronidazole. Conclusion : Staphylococcus aureus remains the most important microorganism responsible for POWI in implants and prosthesis. Resistant strains have emerged and previously reserved drugs have become first line. Anaerobic organisms remain important isolates were such are feasible. Metronidazole should be a component of the antibiotic regimen where such cultures are not feasible.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90609162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computer in surgery","authors":"C. Bode","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54756","url":null,"abstract":"Like most truly epochal revolutions, the computer age crept in on this generation before we could figure out its numerous possible applications. Over the past few years, an increasing appreciation of the usefulness of digital technology has emerged among various professions. How has the advent of the computer impacted the field of surgery? Is it worth embracing for the older practitioners? What does the future portend for our ancient noble profession? This paper reviews current applications of computer technology in the field of surgery and the hopes it hold out to surgeons in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88208130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy: is clotting profile relevant?","authors":"P. Onakoya, O. Nwaorgu, U. M. Abja, D. Kokong","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54786","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy are common surgical procedures performed mostly in paediatric population. They have the risk of haemorrhage in an area that may not be easily accessible. Thus the need to preoperatively do coagulation screening and this has remained controversial. Hence, the purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate our experience in Ibadan. Method : The records of sixty-eight patients that underwent adenoidectomy/tonsillectomy from 1998 to 2002 in the Department of ORL, UC H were evaluated for demographic data, history and physical findings that could suggest bleeding disorders, values of prothrombin/activated partial thromboplastin time and occurrence of peri-/postoperative haemorrhage. Results : There were 41 males and 27 females with M: F ratio of 1.5: 1. The age range was 6 months to 38 years, while the common age group involved was 0 – 10 years (75%). Four patients (5.9%) had history of risk factor of bleeding. Eight patients (11.8%) and 23 patients (33.5%) had prolonged PT and aPTT respectively. One patient with normal coagulation study had postoperative haemorrhage due to remnant of tonsillar tissue. There was no documentation of further confirmatory coagulation investigation in those that were prolonged. No correlation was observed between the coagulation tests and intraoperative blood loss and duration of surgery generally. Conclusion : Although these tests are routinely done in our centre, there was no clear evidence in support of their relevance. However, we advocate a flexible approach to this issue and each patient must be individually assessed and effort must be made to standardise the approach to adequate history taking with proper documentation of all relevant information before one decides to perform any investigation.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86081911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Case Report-Aerophagia","authors":"A. Bajomo","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54806","url":null,"abstract":"A case of air swallowing in a 2 year old is reported. Proper diagnosis and reassurance are needed to differentiate this condition from intestinal obstruction, which may require surgical intervention.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81112198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pregnancy outcome in women involved in road traffic accidents in Sokoto","authors":"B. Ekele, D. Nnadi, B. Shehu","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54790","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Road traffic accidents (RTA) are common in Nigeria. Pregnant mothers could be involved in such accidents and this might affect pregnancy outcome. Method : A retrospective analysis of pregnant mothers admitted at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria because of road traffic accidents between January 1998 and December, 2002, was undertaken to determine the incidence, type of injury and pregnancy outcome. Results : One hundred and forty nine women admitted because of major injuries sustained after road traffic accidents. Twelve (8%) of these women were pregnant at the time of the accident. Gestational age ranged from 16 to 38 weeks. Fall from commercial motorcycles was the most common accident with deep lacerations and long bone fractures. Obstetric complication included abruptio placentae and premature uterine contractions. There was normal delivery in 9 patients, 2 stillbirths and one moth with head injury died undelivered. Conclusion : Early consult with appropriate obstetric intervention was associated with good foetal and maternal outcome. The emergency duty doctor should always think of the possibility of a co-existing pregnancy whenever managing any woman within the reproductive age group involved in RTAs.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82364884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Ogunnowo, O. Oluwole, C. Aimakhu, A. Ilesanmi, A. Omigbodun
{"title":"Term quadruplet pregnancy: a case report","authors":"T. Ogunnowo, O. Oluwole, C. Aimakhu, A. Ilesanmi, A. Omigbodun","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54796","url":null,"abstract":"Higher order multiple pregnancies are rare and often associated with complications. Term delivery is uncommon. This is a report of a 22 years old G3 p2 + 0 (1 alive) teacher who had quadruplet pregnancy following ovulation induction is presented. She had elective caesarean section at term with the delivery of two live male and two live female infants with birth weights ranging between 1750gram and 2850grams. Term delivery in quadruplet pregnancy is possible as demonstrated in this case, and has the advantage of improved perinatal outcome. Bed rest early detection and management of antenatal complications, and planned elective delivery are probably the keys to a successful outcome.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87552561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Middle ear effusion from metastatic carcinoma of the breast","authors":"N. Okpala, A. Nigam","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54803","url":null,"abstract":"Carcinoma of the breast can metastasise to many organs. Metastasis to the temporal bone is rare and even when it does, it would usually spread to other parts of the body. This is a report of isolated metastasis to the temporal bone with middle ear effusion.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75652336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pyomyositis in north - eastern Nigeria: a 10-year review","authors":"A. Madziga, U. Na’aya, B. Gali","doi":"10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJSR.V6I1-2.54770","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Pyomyositis is a suppurative disease of skeletal Muscle and a well-known disease with frequent occurrence in the tropics and subtropics, which continues to cause significant morbidity. Despite several studies of the disease in various regions of the tropics, there has been none from the northeast region of Nigeria, consisting of a largely rural population where the climate is hot and dry with little annual rainfall. Methods : A retrospective study of all patients seen and treated for pyomyositis in the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital from April 1990 to April 2000 was undertaken. Results : Fifty four patients with pyomyositis were seen and managed comprising 36 Males and 18 Females (M: F ratio 2:1). Two peak age incidences of 6-10 years and 31-40 years were noted. Most were from a labouring population and presented with a fully evolved disease affecting the large and powerful muscles of the thigh and calf in 59.7% of cases, the glutei in 12.9% and the trunk in 9.7%. The smaller muscles of the arm and forearm and head and neck were rarely affected. 8 patients had multiple lesions. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in 91.8% of cases sensitive to cloxacillin, augmentin, chloramphenicol and erythromycin in that order. Conclusion : Prompt diagnosis, appropriate supportive therapy, effective antibiotic therapy and early drainage of abscesses have resulted in minimal mortality despite late presentation although hospital stay was prolonged.","PeriodicalId":19188,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76607821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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