New Zealand Entomologist最新文献

{"title":"The armoured scale Oceanaspidiotus spinosus (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) established in New Zealand","authors":"J. Keall, D. E. Hartnett, Josephine E. McCambridge, N. Shaw, Brittany M. Pearce, Svea Alkelov, Fely T. Adoracion, H. Aliakbarpour, G. D. Page, P. Prasad","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2020.1736749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2020.1736749","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The armoured scale insect Oceanaspidiotus spinosus (Comstock 1883) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) was found on kiwifruit from the Bay of Plenty in April 2019. This is the first record from New Zealand. Subsequent surveys have confirmed O. spinosus at multiple locations in the Bay of Plenty and Gisborne regions and it is now considered to be established. Previously, only three armoured scale species: Hemiberlesia lataniae, Hemiberlesia rapax and Aspidiotus nerii, have been found on kiwifruit in New Zealand. Reliable identification of these species and O. spinosus requires slide mounting and microscopic examination of adult female specimens. Oceanaspidiotus spinosus is a cosmopolitan species recorded in 51 countries and island states. It is highly polyphagous and has been found on many host plants including kiwifruit, avocado, citrus, apple, persimmon, grape and blueberry. Although O. spinosus is not reported to be a major pest of these hosts, it may have market access implications for exported crops.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"43 1","pages":"15 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2020.1736749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46933696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The feeding habits of Wiseana (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) species on a traditional Māori food crop","authors":"H. Ehau-Taumaunu, S. Marshall, C. Ferguson, M. Mark-Shadbolt, R. MacDiarmid, M. O’Callaghan","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2020.1729934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2020.1729934","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT For Māori the kūmara symbolises the extensive voyages from the ancestral home of Hawaiki to Aotearoa New Zealand and the ingenuity needed to adapt growing practices for a tropical crop to the climate of New Zealand. From the thirteenth century, kūmara cultivation occurred along the coastlines in the warmer regions of New Zealand where its associated pests were controlled by traditional methods. In 1952, an observation was made indicating that Wiseana, an endemic genera of ghost moths, possibly fed on kūmara. The current study investigates the feeding habits and preferences of laboratory-reared Wiseana copularis and W. cervinata larvae for kūmara through no-choice and choice test bioassays. Kūmara tuber provided the largest mean weight gain for the two Wiseana species with a 122% increase by week 6 compared to white clover foliage. The mean weight gain of larvae fed with kūmara leaf, kūmara stem or white clover were not significantly different. All kūmara and white clover options were equally selected by larvae within the two-choice tests, therefore there was no differential preference for the kūmara plant material. This data indicates that the polyphagous herbivore larvae of Wiseana spp. may have fed on kūmara in traditional kūmara gardens, supporting the early published record. Further research is needed to determine if Wiseana larvae are affecting kūmara production today. Ki te Māori ko te kūmara e hua ai ngā hekenga maha ā ngā tīpuna mai i a Hawaiki ki Aotearoa, me ā rātou mōhiotanga ki te whakatipu i te kūmara ki te āhuarangi mātoke o Aotearoa. Nō te rautau tekau mā toru i whakatipu ai ngā kumara ki ngā takutai o Aotearoa ā, i āraia atu ngā mate, ngā kīrearea mā te whakaritenga tūturu. I te tau 1952 nō te tirohanga mai o te porina (Wiseana) kainga pea e te pūrehurehu taketake i ngā kūmara. Ko te rangahau o naianei ko ngā whiringa me ngā hiahia o te kai ā ngā torongū porina i whakatipu ai i roto i te taiwhanga pūtaiao ki roto i te whakamātau kore-kōwhiri, te whakamātau kōwhiri rānei. Ko te kōpura i whakaputa ai i te taumaha nui ake i te 122% i te taumaha o te korowa i te wiki tuaono. Kāhore he taumaha tino rerekē mō te whā me te kakau o te tipu ki te korowa. Kei roto i te kōwhiri whakamatau, ko ngā kūmara katoa me ngā korowa i kōwhiringia ōritengia ai e te huhu, nā reira kaore kau he mea rerekē mo te hiahiatanga o te tipu kūmara. I te mutunga, ē whakaatu ana te raraunga nei, kainga pea e te kaitipu huhu i ngā kūmara o ngā māra tūturu, hei tautoko hoki tēnei i ngā tuhinga o mua. Ma te rangahau anō ka kitengia mehemea ka pāngatia tonutia e te huhu (Wiseana) i te whakanaonga o ngā kūmara o naianei.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"43 1","pages":"23 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2020.1729934","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46011461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coleoptera found in marine strandlines on New Zealand beaches: species diversity, seasonal trends and the effect of beach substrate","authors":"S. Hodge, J. Marris, Samuel D. J. Brown, R. Emberson","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2019.1659713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2019.1659713","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The terrestrial invertebrates found in association with marine strandlines constitute a world-wide ecological system. This study examined the beetle assemblages (Insecta: Coleoptera) in strandlines on New Brighton beach near Christchurch and at 35 other sites on Banks Peninsula in the South Island of New Zealand. In a total of 535 thirty-minute hand searches, 81 distinct beetle taxa (identified species & recognisable taxonomic units) were recorded, representing 25 coleopteran families. Regular sampling at New Brighton over the course of three years identified a clear seasonal increase in Coleoptera species richness in the summer, and revealed that some of the commoner species (e.g. Haplanister crypticus, Lagrioida brouni and Cafius litoreus) occurred in every calendar month. The collections from Banks Peninsula suggested that sampling strandlines on sandy beaches tended to produce more beetle species than those on shingle or boulder shores. Species accumulation analysis indicated that additional species are still likely to be recorded for this region, although many of these species will be vagrants in the strandline habitat. This study provides an initial catalogue of beetle species for strandlines in this region of New Zealand, along with valuable information on aspects of life history and ecology. Further research is needed to enhance the limited biogeographic data available for these beetle species and, by repeated sampling, determine which species can be considered resident within the strandline habitat.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"47 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2019.1659713","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44171019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymorph stability, and changed flight period, of Declana floccosa Walker, 1858 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in New Zealand, 1974–2016","authors":"J. Flux, M. M. Flux","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2019.1676134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2019.1676134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The advantage for camouflage of variation in colour forms (binary, multi, or continuous) is a topic of increasing interest, but there are few long-term studies. We found that the ratios of colour forms of 337 polymorphic Manuka moths (Declana floccosa), recorded at one location, did not change over 42 years. This unexpected stability, in the face of probable bird predation against commoner forms and genetic drift, might result from the moth’s continuous variation that prevents predators forming a specific search image, or an unchanged food supply for the larvae. The flight period change from summer to winter, apparently the first recorded, was possibly driven by wasp (Vespula vulgaris) predation after their arrival about 1980.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"100 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2019.1676134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48216938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can native plantings encourage native and beneficial invertebrates on Canterbury dairy farms?","authors":"K. Curtis, M. Bowie, S. Hodge","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2019.1660450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2019.1660450","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Farming intensification negatively effects native habitat and associated biodiversity in New Zealand. Planting native species around field margins has been proposed as a means of restoring biodiversity within this highly modified landscape. To test this hypothesis, we collected invertebrates on a dairy farm at Lincoln, Canterbury, in three habitat types: native plantings in field corners, native plantings along a double fence line, and pasture. Invertebrates were collected from pitfall traps, yellow pan traps, wooden discs and leaf litter samples were collected from the sites over summer. Assemblages of spiders, flying insects, slugs and litter mites in the planted areas had distinct compositions compared with those found in adjacent pasture. Species richness of native spiders was increased in the planted areas compared with adjacent pasture, as was the abundance of ecosystem service providers, such as honeybees, parasitoid wasps and hoverflies. Exotic slugs were significantly more abundant under discs in pasture than in planted areas. However, not all native or beneficial invertebrates responded positively to the planted areas. Further research is required to examine whether these results are repeatable at other locations, if invertebrate assemblages at this location develop further over time, and to evaluate whether any perceived benefits of these service providers can be quantified in terms of meaningful endpoints such as reduced pest levels and/or increases in yield.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"67 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2019.1660450","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43029142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on the taxonomy and distribution of Eucolaspis Sharp and Atrichatus Sharp in New Zealand and description of E. kotatou sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae)","authors":"J. Gómez‐Zurita","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2019.1660451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2019.1660451","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from New Zealand are poorly known in terms of species diversity and, logically, of any downstream understanding of species features, including species distribution or ecology. This is true even though some of the species have been recognised as agricultural pests and associated with economic losses in the country. In this work, I have analysed the diversity and distribution of two genera of Eumolpinae that had been the subject of a taxonomic revision in the 1950s, Atrichatus Sharp and Eucolaspis Sharp. My observations, based on relatively abundant material from three collections and newly collected specimens, generally agree with the conclusions of that work, identifying two species of Atrichatus and at least five of Eucolaspis. I provide a new taxonomic character, namely the description of the spermathecae of all the species, as well as refined distribution maps based on available collection data. One new species of Eucolaspis is described, E. kotatou sp. nov., from Te Paki, near Cape Reinga (Northland). In addition, E. antennata Shaw, previously known from only two specimens without locality data, is reported from Rotorua (Bay of Plenty). Despite loose similarities, Atrichatus – mainly distributed in the north of the South Island – and Eucolaspis – broadly sympatric with Atrichatus, but more diverse and widely distributed in the North Island – should not be considered as close relatives based on an important diagnostic character for higher-level systematics of Eumolpinae, namely a dorsal groove on the pygidium, present in the former and lacking in the latter. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:05CCCC7C-E8DE-41F3-B0D1-F2090D79754B","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"79 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2019.1660451","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48333860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new species of Metaspathius (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Mesostoinae) from New Zealand","authors":"D. Quicke, D. Ward, S. Belokobylskij, B. A. Butcher","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2019.1645567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2019.1645567","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Metaspathius gorgasoma Quicke & Ward sp. n. is described from specimens collected from litter samples. It is mainly characterised by the mesoscutum being strongly declivous anteriorly, a derived morphological feature not found in congeners. Wing structure of the new species including shape and loss of posterior longitudinal flexion lines (claval furrows) of both fore and hind wings indicate its close relationship with M. hemipterus Belokobylskij from which it is distinguished.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"41 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2019.1645567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44809127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exotic collembolan genus and species (Isotomidae: Anurophorinae) new for New Zealand","authors":"P. Greenslade","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2019.1640100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2019.1640100","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper records an exotic collembolan the species, Anurophorus laricis Nicolet, 1842, found for the first time in New Zealand. Its specific identity is confirmed using morphological data. The record is significant because it is the first for the genus Anurophorus in the Southern Hemisphere. Moreover, the species was found fairly abundantly on the native shrub, manuka, at 300 m asl, an unusual habitat for an exotic species. The high number of exotic, mainly European but also North American, species identified on morphological grounds found in Australia and New Zealand, has not in the past been accepted as valid by taxonomists in Europe. Confirmation using molecular sequence data has only recently been possible and was attempted but was not successful. A related issue is that there has been a trend of Salmon’s New Zealand endemic isotomids, both genera and species, being recognised as exotic after revision. We propose likely attributes of species and habitats that facilitate colonisation of exotic species in New Zealand which should help conservation efforts to be well focused.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"23 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2019.1640100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46367627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring the nomenclatural stability of Ixodes anatis Chilton, 1904 with the discovery of lost type material and the designation of a lectotype","authors":"A. Heath, M. Kwak","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2019.1625023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2019.1625023","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nomenclatural stability is a key challenge within the area of tick taxonomy due to the widescale loss of old type material, errors in the designation and usage of binomials, and the common description of synonymous species, historically. Ixodes anatis is an important co-endangered tick species endemic to New Zealand and its nomenclatural stability is crucial for those studying its ecology and conservation biology. Following its complete redescription earlier this year, the authors discovered two further syntypes of I. anatis, in addition to the specimen recorded in the redescription. One of these specimens, an intact female, is elevated to the rank of lectotype in accordance with the IUZN code, to ensure nomenclatural stability of this species.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"21 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2019.1625023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47521312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deployment of the sex pheromone of Pseudococcus calceolariae (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) as a potential new tool for mass trapping in citrus in South Australia","authors":"N. Sullivan, R. Butler, L. Salehi, A. Twidle, G. Baker, D. Suckling","doi":"10.1080/00779962.2019.1596503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.2019.1596503","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mealybugs damage a variety of crops worldwide, vectoring viruses and causing problems from sooty mould. The identification of the citrophilous mealybug (Pseudococcus calceolariae, CMB) female sex pheromone has created opportunities for its use as a pest management tool that could potentially result in a reduced reliance on insecticides. Mass trapping is a pest management technique that uses baited traps to decrease pest insect densities. To assess the efficacy of the P. calceolariae sex pheromone as a mass trapping tool, a field trial was conducted in citrus in South Australia. The vertical distribution of CMB within the citrus was examined. Male flight activity was monitored using red delta traps in the centre of six 1-ha ‘plots’, after which time half the plots had 306 tent traps containing synthetic CMB pheromone lures deployed (mass traps). Six weeks after the application of mass trapping we observed a 90% lower catch in treated plots compared to catches in control plots. There were strong spatial patterns in trap catch with the Edge to Centre ratio being 3.6:1. P. calceolariae male flight activity showed peaks in October and May. Mass trapping showed promise as an effective management technique for P. calceolariae. Challenges such as male multiple mating and mealybug airborne dispersal still need to be overcome before mass trapping can be used as a reliable management technique.","PeriodicalId":19185,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00779962.2019.1596503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43573964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}