{"title":"Theory of Noise Measurement","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119859390.ch12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119859390.ch12","url":null,"abstract":"Noise is a natural phenomenon that affects most microwave and RF systems. Because noise masks desired signals, it is important to understand and minimize its effects on the performance of microwave and RF devices. Although there are several types of noise, thermal noise is an important consideration for microwave designers because it greatly affects the linear microwave and RF systems they work with. Thermal noise is the focus of this application note.","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130629001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Operational Amplifier","authors":"Viet Vo","doi":"10.1201/ebk1420086584-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/ebk1420086584-15","url":null,"abstract":"Op amps can be obtained commercially for $0.50 to $3.00 each. This and their versatility are the reasons for their great popularity. As you perform the suggested investigations, be alert to observe and note those cases in which the real op amp fails to match the ideal properties. Try to find the relevant properties in the “spec sheets”, and take note of the “typical applications” section – this is a prime spot for getting circuit ideas or finding out how new devices might be used. Almost all applications of op amps involve negative feedback as indicated in the diagram below:","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134256768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impedance Tuners","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119859390.ch16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119859390.ch16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130815412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equipment and Measurement Methods","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119859390.ch14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119859390.ch14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133036138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phase Noise","authors":"S. trong, Clean","doi":"10.1002/9781119859390.ch20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119859390.ch20","url":null,"abstract":"An oscillator can be considered as a filtered noise generator and therefore noise will surround the carrier, equivalent to random FM and AM modulations on the ideal RF sine wave this additional noise is known as Phase Noise. If we consider the addition of a noise voltage to a sinusoidal voltage, we must take into account the phase relationship. A phasor diagram below can be used to explain the effect.","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121552520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noise Sources","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119859390.ch3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119859390.ch3","url":null,"abstract":"-This survey deals with l/f noise in homogeneous semiconductor samples. A distinction is made between mobility noise and number noise. It is shown that there always is mobility noise with an (Y value with a magnitude in the order of Damaging the crystal has a strong influence on cy, cy may increase by orders of magnitude. Some theoretical models are briefly discussed; none of them can explain all experimental results. The cy values of several semiconductors are given. These values can be used in calculations of l/f noise in devices.","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126418044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noise Generators","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119859390.ch15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119859390.ch15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122649979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Glossary of Symbols","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119859390.gloss","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119859390.gloss","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129631293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement Accuracy and Sources of Error","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119859390.ch19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119859390.ch19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":191702,"journal":{"name":"A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132476227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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