International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of genotoxicity of dry powders of pomelo (Citrus maxima) flowers by micronucleus assay","authors":"None Chien-Hsiang Ni, None Yun-Xuan Chang, None Tsung-Han Wu, None Ya-Peng Wang, None Chia-Chi Chen, None Tzu-Yun Chi, None Yen-Jung Lu, None Pi-Hsin Chen, None Ya-Ling Cyue, None Shih-Yi Guo, None Suz-Ching Ke, None Yu-Ying Fang, None Szu-Ping Sung, None Chien-Chao Chiu, None Ching-Feng Chiu, None Hsuan-Wen Chiu, None Wei-Huang Tsai, None Yu-Hsing Lin, None Shao-Wen Hung","doi":"10.56781/ijsrls.2023.2.1.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrls.2023.2.1.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have been used as traditional medicine or health products for several thousands of years. The present study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxicity of pomelo flower powders by micronucleus assay In vivo. During the In vivo genotoxicity-evaluated experiment, the experimental animal’s clinical behavior, body weight (BW), food consumption, and the percentage of RET/RBCs (reticulocytes/red blood cells) and MN-RET/RETs (micronucleated reticulocytes/reticulocytes) after the treatments of pomelo (Citrus maxima) flower powders were evaluated. Both sexes ICR mice were treated three daily treatments by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg of mitomycin C (genotoxicity induction) or by oral route of 200 μL of PBS (the normal control group). Until 30th hours after the last treatment, K2-EDTA-anticoagulated peripheral blood specimens were collected. These blood samples were processed for the microscopy-based analysis using Giemsa stain and the percentage of reticulocytes and micronucleated reticulocytes was determined. The results were shown that the experimental animal’s clinical behaviors were normal in all groups. The BW and food consumption were no significant difference between all groups. RET/RBCs (%) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group, the normal control group, the low dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group, the middle dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group, and the high dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group were respectively 8.8 ± 2.3 / 9.6 ± 2.6, 23.0 ± 2.5 / 22.4 ± 2.3, 23.4 ± 2.1 / 23.2 ± 3.8, 24.2 ± 3.6 / 23.0 ± 1.9, and 21.6 ± 3.2 / 21.6 ± 2.4; MN-RET/RETs (‰) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group, the normal control group, the low dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powders group, the middle dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group, and the high dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group were 43.0 ± 12.5 / 39.4 ± 9.8, 2.6 ± 1.5 / 2.6 ± 1.5, 2.4 ± 1.1 / 2.2 ± 1.3, 2.2 ± 1.3 / 2.0 ± 1.2, and 1.8 ± 0.8 / 1.8 ± 0.8, respectively. Both RET/RBCs (%) and MN-RET/RETs (%) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group were significantly difference than the other groups (p < 0.001). Taken all results together, pomelo (C. maxima) flower powders were without genotoxicity. Therefore, pomelo (C. maxima) flower powders were safety.","PeriodicalId":191608,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britt.) powders attenuate ulcerative disease symptoms via dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse model","authors":"None Yu-Wen Hung, None Chia-Chi Chen, None Yun-Xuan Chang, None Tzu-Yun Chi, None Ya-Peng Wang, None Tsung-Han Wu, None Ya-Ling Cyue, None Pi-Hsin Chen, None Yen-Jung Lu, None Shih-Yi Guo, None Suz-Ching Ke, None Yu-Ying Fang, None Szu-Ping Sung, None Yan-Zhong Wu, None Chien-Chao Chiu, None Ching-Feng Chiu, None Hsuan-Wen Chiu, None Wei-Huang Tsai, None Yu-Hsing Lin, None Shao-Wen Hung","doi":"10.56781/ijsrls.2023.2.1.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrls.2023.2.1.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Dragon fruit is cactus based fruit that has loads of health benefits such as lowering risks of a blood sugar spike, aids in digestion etc. Its nutritional content is rich in vitamin C, vitamin E, magnesium, iron etc. Its functions on the physiological regulation are well known. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are multifactorial chronic intestinal disorders. Currently, mesalamine etc. and therapeutic strategies were suggested for IBD therapy. However, the etiology of IBD remains unclear which is an ongoing challenge and side effects of therapeutic drugs must be also considered. Thus, the aim of this study was evaluated the efficacy and therapeutic strategies investigations on the attenuated IBD symptoms via administrating three doses of dragon fruit powders in the 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD mouse model. The female C57BL/6 mice were divided respectively the normal control group (n = 10), the negative control group (n = 10), three dose groups (n = 10 per group) of dragon fruit powders (250 mg/kg BW, 500 mg/kg BW, and 1,000 mg/kg BW). Exception of the normal control group, other groups were administrated with 2% DSS for 5 days. Later, the normal drinking water was provide to C57BL/6 mice until the end of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, the body weight (BW), the stool appearance/status, the macroscopic and microscopic colonic injuries, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were monitored, measured and scored. The results were showed that BW of C57BL/6 mice in the negative control group, three dragon fruit powder groups was gradually reduced during the IBD period induced by 2% DSS, and BW of C57BL/6 mice gradually increased when the 2% DSS in drinking water was replaced with the normal drinking water. When the experiment was carried out to the 3rd to 4th week, BW of the negative control group was significantly lower than that of the normal control group. The stool appearance/status was presented that stool score in the negative control group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (p < 0.001). The stool score in the high-dose dragon fruit powder group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group (p < 0.001). The macroscopic colons of C57BL/6 mice were performed at the end of the experiment. (1) Gut weight: It can be seen that gut weight in the normal control group is lowest and the gut weight in the negative control group is highest between all groups. The gut weight in the negative control group was higher than that in the normal control group, medium-dose dragon fruit powder group, and high-dose dragon fruit powder group were seen. (2) Gut length: It can be seen that gut length in the normal control group is longest. The gut length in the normal control group is significantly longer than that in the other groups. Exception of the normal control group, other groups were not significant difference compared to each other. (3) Gut weight-to-gut length ratio: It can be seen that gut w","PeriodicalId":191608,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic antibacterial effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya and Psidium guajava leave extract on Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Alexander Philip, Aisha E Ibrahim, Zakari Lois","doi":"10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0025","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the synergistic antibacterial effect of ethanol extract of Carica papaya and Psidium guajava on Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae using agar well diffusion method and microdilution with Microtitre plates. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extract reveals the presence of alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, soluble carbohydrates and phenols. Five (5) grams of the freeze-dried extract was dissolved in 10ml of 10% Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO) and used for sensitivity against selected standard isolates. Upon sensitivity testing, this study observes a significant inhibition zone diameter at the highest concentration of the extract (500 mg/ml) against Klebsiella pneumoniae with an inhibition zone diameter of 31.0mm relative to the inhibition zone diameters of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi with (19.5 mm) and (20.5 mm) respectively. The inhibition zone diameters of the positive control (ciprofloxacin solution) at 500 mg/mL for Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi was 36.0 mm, 37.5 mm and 34.5 mm respectively. Escherichia coli has minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.977 mg/ml while Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi have their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 31.25 mg/ml and 62.5 mg/ml respectively.","PeriodicalId":191608,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125430458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different processing methods of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seed meal: Effect on nutritive value, growth and production performance of commercial layers","authors":"Aman Getiso, Etalem Tesfaye, Diribi Mijena","doi":"10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0023","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted with 150 Bovans brown pullets to evaluate the performance of grower pullets and layers fed raw or processed pigeon pea seed meal diets from 18th week stage of life. Each treatment had three replicates and ten birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD) with pullets and layers fed comprised of 20% pigeon pea seed meal diets that were isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Live weight, feed intake, live weight gain, egg production and mortality parameters were measured. Pullets fed 20% boiled and soaked PPSM diets attained significantly higher (P<0.05) final body weight at point of lay and daily feed intake than those fed control, raw and toasted PPSM diets. Results revealed that non-significant (P>0.05) differences among the layers fed PPSM diets in hen-day egg production, average daily feed intake and average mortality parameters but significant differences (p<0.05) were observed on hen-housed egg production and age at first egg lay parameters. It was concluded that PPSM could be a good protein source for grower pullets and layers, which could be incorporated into the diets at 20% of the whole diet without any adverse effect on growth and egg production performance.","PeriodicalId":191608,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132308364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of concurrent food-chain simulation of cadmium and crude petroleum oil pollutions on amylase activity in Wistar rats","authors":"Richard Omonigho Ovie, George Edaghogho Eriyamremu","doi":"10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0024","url":null,"abstract":"The bioavailability levels of cadmium (Cd) and (CPO) in water and polluted food has become worrisome over the years. The study was aimed at investigating the effects of concurrent food-chain simulation of cadmium and crude petroleum oil pollution on amylase activity in Wistar rats. Simulation of both Cd and CPO pollution was done in the water in which catfish were housed for 1 month at a daily dose of 4 and 0.8 ppm respectively. The fish were then used as source of protein in formulation of diet for feeding rats for 1 and 2 months respectively. The rats were granted access to drinking water at will, weighed at the end of the feeding periods and sacrificed followed by removal of the duodenal portion of the small intestine. Weight gain and intestinal/body weight ratio was measured and the activity of amylase assayed. The results showed a non-significant difference (p ˃ 0.05) in the intestinal/body weight ratio and amylase activity after 1 month of simulated pollution. While, there was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in weight gain and amylase activity after 2 months. Cd and CPO mixture therefore, has a deleterious effect on the environment and subsequently animals especially man as the final consumer in the food-chain.","PeriodicalId":191608,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123066133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demonstration and participatory evaluation of apiculture technologies in Sidama national regional state, Ethiopia","authors":"Dinku Negash, Teklu Gebretsadik, Amare Argaw","doi":"10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Demonstration and Participatory evaluations of improved beekeeping technologies were conducted in Loka Abaya and Hawassa Zuriya woredas of Sidama National Regional state with the objective of demonstrating improved beekeeping technologies & strengthen research extension farmer’s linkage in beekeeping technology generation and transfer. Demonstration and evaluations of frame and transitional hive was conducted by forming farmers research groups (FRGs) at 4 peasant association (PAs) of selected district; from the demonstration an average of 25.5kg semi-extracted and 10.5 kg crude honey per hive/annum was harvested using after and before using improved technologies respectively and bees wax purification was also demonstrated on farmers field. Partial budget analyses implied that adoption of improved beekeeping technologies make small holder beekeepers more profitable than traditional practice. Therefore, all the demonstrated and evaluated technologies have been recommended for the mandate area to further promote the technologies in to the areas where there is a gap in utilizing and disseminating the technologies.","PeriodicalId":191608,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131548439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crop water requirement and irrigation scheduling of dry season irrigated crops in Pawe district, lowland hot humid area of Ethiopia","authors":"Temesgen F. Adamtie, Abeba H. selie, Demeke T. Mitku","doi":"10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0022","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of irrigation water requirements and irrigation time schedules improves irrigation water management and crop productivity in the field. The CROPWAT model calculates the ETo, CWR, and IRs to develop the irrigation schedules under different administration conditions and water supply plans. The objective of this study was to determine the crop water requirement of tomato, onion and soybean crops and their irrigation scheduling under local climate condition of Pawe district. Local climate, crop type and soil data were used as input data to determine crop water requirement (CWR) and irrigation scheduling. The finding of this study was crop water requirements of tomato, onion and soyabean were 547.7, 362.8 and 337 mm respectively per season on black clay soil of Pawe district. The obtained irrigation scheduling were twelve irrigation schedules for tomatoes, elven for onion and five for soybean. The study will help to improve the management of water resources and loss of crop productivity. This study can be used as a reference for decision-making for future irrigation scheme planning and irrigation water development of Pawe district.","PeriodicalId":191608,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132181846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}