Neuron glia biology最新文献_第7页

Glial imaging during synapse remodeling at the neuromuscular junction. 神经肌肉连接处突触重塑过程中的神经胶质成像。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-11-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-25 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09990421

Yi Zuo, Derron Bishop

{"title":"Glial imaging during synapse remodeling at the neuromuscular junction.","authors":"Yi Zuo, Derron Bishop","doi":"10.1017/S1740925X09990421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X09990421","url":null,"abstract":"Glia are an indispensable structural and functional component of the synapse. They modulate synaptic transmission and also play important roles in synapse formation and maintenance. The vertebrate neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a classic model synapse. Due to its large size, simplicity and accessibility, the NMJ has contributed greatly to our understanding of synapse development and organization. In the past decade, the NMJ has also emerged as an effective model for studying glia-synapse interactions, in part due to the development of various labeling techniques that permit NMJs and associated Schwann cells (the glia at NMJs) to be visualized in vitro and in vivo. These approaches have demonstrated that Schwann cells are actively involved in synapse remodeling both during early development and in post-injury reinnervation. In vivo imaging has also recently been combined with serial section transmission electron microscopic (ssTEM) reconstruction to directly examine the ultrastructural organization of remodeling NMJs. In this review, we focus on the anatomical studies of Schwann cell dynamics and their roles in formation, maturation and remodeling of vertebrate NMJs using the highest temporal and spatial resolution methods currently available.","PeriodicalId":19153,"journal":{"name":"Neuron glia biology","volume":"4 4","pages":"319-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1740925X09990421","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28529608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The glia-derived extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C promotes embryonic and postnatal retina axon outgrowth via the alternatively spliced fibronectin type III domain TNfnD. 神经胶质来源的细胞外基质糖蛋白tenascin-C通过选择性剪接的纤维连接蛋白III型结构域TNfnD促进胚胎和出生后视网膜轴突的生长。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-11-01 Epub Date: 2009-06-10 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09990020

Sonia Siddiqui, Andrea Horvat-Bröcker, Andreas Faissner

{"title":"The glia-derived extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C promotes embryonic and postnatal retina axon outgrowth via the alternatively spliced fibronectin type III domain TNfnD.","authors":"Sonia Siddiqui, Andrea Horvat-Bröcker, Andreas Faissner","doi":"10.1017/S1740925X09990020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X09990020","url":null,"abstract":"Tenascin-C (Tnc) is an astrocytic multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein that potentially promotes or inhibits neurite outgrowth. To investigate its possible functions for retinal development, explants from embryonic day 18 (E18) rat retinas were cultivated on culture substrates composed of poly-d-lysine (PDL), or PDL additionally coated with Tnc or laminin (LN)-1, which significantly increased fiber length. When combined with LN, Tnc induced axon fasciculation that reduced the apparent number of outgrowing fibers. In order to circumscribe the stimulatory region, Tnc-derived fibronectin type III (TNfn) domains fused to the human Ig-Fc-fragment TNfnD6-Fc, TNfnBD-Fc, TNFnA1A2-Fc and TNfnA1D-Fc were studied. The fusion proteins TNfnBD-Fc and to a lesser degree TNfnA1D-Fc were stimulatory when compared with the Ig-Fc-fragment protein without insert. In contrast, the combination TNfnA1A2-Fc reduced fiber outgrowth beneath the values obtained for the Ig-Fc domain, indicating potential inhibitory properties. The monoclonal J1/tn2 antibody (clone 578) that is specific for domain TNfnD blocked the stimulatory properties of the TNfn-Fc fusions. When postnatal day 7 retinal ganglion cells were used rather that explants, Tnc and Tnc-derived proteins proved permissive for neurite outgrowth. The present study highlights a strong retinal axon growth-promoting activity of the Tnc domain TNfnD, which is modulated by neighboring domains.","PeriodicalId":19153,"journal":{"name":"Neuron glia biology","volume":"4 4","pages":"271-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1740925X09990020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28231573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

MHC class II expression by beta2 integrin (CD18)-positive microglia, macrophages and macrophage-like cells in rabbit retina. 兔视网膜中β 2整合素(CD18)阳性的小胶质细胞、巨噬细胞和巨噬细胞样细胞表达MHCⅱ类。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-11-01 Epub Date: 2009-07-06 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X0999007X

Wenbing Huang, Coral G Chamberlain, Richard Y Sarafian, Tailoi Chan-Ling

{"title":"MHC class II expression by beta2 integrin (CD18)-positive microglia, macrophages and macrophage-like cells in rabbit retina.","authors":"Wenbing Huang, Coral G Chamberlain, Richard Y Sarafian, Tailoi Chan-Ling","doi":"10.1017/S1740925X0999007X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X0999007X","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the developmental expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) by microglia and macrophages and their relationship to blood vessels in the retina, a representative tissue of the central nervous system. Such information is crucial to understanding the role of these cells in immune surveillance. Wholemount preparations of retinas from late embryonic, postnatal and adult rabbits were subjected to three-colour fluorescence microscopy using beta2 integrin (CD18) and MHCII antibodies and biotinylated Griffonia simplicifolia B4 isolectin labelling of blood vessels. CD18+ cells consistently exhibited characteristics of macrophages or microglia in the vascularized and non-vascularized regions of the retina, respectively. At all ages, MHCII was expressed by a high proportion of cells in the vascularized region, which contained macrophage-like 'parenchymal cells' as well as typical perivascular macrophages. MHCII expression by ramified microglia, first detected on postnatal day 30, was lower in the peripheral retina and intermediate in the avascular region of the myelinated streak. The observed localization of MHCII+ cells in relation to blood vessels and location-dependent differences in MHCII expression point to the possibility that these cells may be distributed strategically within the retina to provide multiple lines of defence against immune challenge arriving via the retinal vasculature.","PeriodicalId":19153,"journal":{"name":"Neuron glia biology","volume":"4 4","pages":"285-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1740925X0999007X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28284055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Differential expression of connexins in trigeminal ganglion neurons and satellite glial cells in response to chronic or acute joint inflammation. 三叉神经节神经元和卫星胶质细胞中连接蛋白的差异表达对慢性或急性关节炎症的反应。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-11-01 Epub Date: 2009-08-13 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09990093

Filip G Garrett, Paul L Durham

{"title":"Differential expression of connexins in trigeminal ganglion neurons and satellite glial cells in response to chronic or acute joint inflammation.","authors":"Filip G Garrett, Paul L Durham","doi":"10.1017/S1740925X09990093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X09990093","url":null,"abstract":"Trigeminal nerve activation in response to inflammatory stimuli has been shown to increase neuron-glia communication via gap junctions in trigeminal ganglion. The goal of this study was to identify changes in the expression of gap junction proteins, connexins (Cxs), in trigeminal ganglia in response to acute or chronic joint inflammation. Although mRNA for Cxs 26, 36, 40 and 43 was detected under basal conditions, protein expression of only Cxs 26, 36 and 40 increased following capsaicin or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). While Cx26 plaque formation between neurons and satellite glia was transiently increased following capsaicin injections, Cx26 plaque formation between neurons and satellite glia was sustained in response to CFA. Interestingly, levels of Cx36 and Cx40 were only elevated in neurons following capsaicin or CFA injections, but the temporal response was similar to that observed for Cx26. In contrast, Cx43 expression was not increased in neurons or satellite glial cells in response to CFA or capsaicin. Thus, trigeminal ganglion neurons and satellite glia can differentially regulate Cx expression in response to the type and duration of inflammatory stimuli, which likely facilitates increased neuron-glia communication during acute and chronic inflammation and pain in the TMJ.","PeriodicalId":19153,"journal":{"name":"Neuron glia biology","volume":"4 4","pages":"295-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1740925X09990093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28336363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 77

A model of tight junction function in central nervous system myelinated axons. 中枢神经系统髓系轴突紧密连接功能模型。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09990391

Alexander Gow, Jerome Devaux

{"title":"A model of tight junction function in central nervous system myelinated axons.","authors":"Alexander Gow, Jerome Devaux","doi":"10.1017/S1740925X09990391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X09990391","url":null,"abstract":"The insulative properties of myelin sheaths in the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS) are widely thought to derive from the high resistance and low capacitance of the constituent membranes. Although this view adequately accounts for myelin function in large diameter fibers, it poorly reflects the behavior of small fibers that are prominent in many regions of the CNS. Herein, we develop a computational model to more accurately represent conduction in small fibers. By incorporating structural features that, hitherto, have not been simulated, we demonstrate that myelin tight junctions (TJs) improve saltatory conduction by reducing current flow through the myelin, limiting axonal membrane depolarization and restraining the activation of ion channels beneath the myelin sheath. Accordingly, our simulations provide a novel view of myelin by which TJs minimize charging of the membrane capacitance and lower the membrane time constant to improve the speed and accuracy of transmission in small diameter fibers. This study establishes possible mechanisms whereby TJs affect conduction in the absence of overt perturbations to myelin architecture and may in part explain the tremor and gait abnormalities observed in Claudin 11-null mice.","PeriodicalId":19153,"journal":{"name":"Neuron glia biology","volume":"4 4","pages":"307-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1740925X09990391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28671461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Connexin- and pannexin-mediated cell–cell communication — CORRIGENDUM 连接蛋白和泛连接蛋白介导的细胞-细胞通讯-勘误

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09990482

E. Scemes, S. Suadicani, G. Dahl, D. Spray

引用次数: 4

Glutamatergic cerebellar granule neurons synthesize and secrete reelin in vitro. 谷氨酸能小脑颗粒神经元体外合成和分泌reelin。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-08-01 Epub Date: 2009-08-13 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09990214

Mélanie Sinagra, Cecilia Gonzalez Campo, Danièle Verrier, Olivier Moustié, Olivier J Manzoni, Pascale Chavis

{"title":"Glutamatergic cerebellar granule neurons synthesize and secrete reelin in vitro.","authors":"Mélanie Sinagra, Cecilia Gonzalez Campo, Danièle Verrier, Olivier Moustié, Olivier J Manzoni, Pascale Chavis","doi":"10.1017/S1740925X09990214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X09990214","url":null,"abstract":"In the postnatal forebrain, the extracellular matrix protein reelin is expressed and secreted by subsets of GABAergic neurons, whereas in the cerebellum reelin is detected in glutamatergic cells of the granule cell layer. Thus, various regions of the postnatal brain present different patterns of reelin expression, whose significance remains unknown. We combined immunocytochemical and pharmacological approaches to characterize the phenotypic and temporal profiles of reelin expression in dissociated cultures of cerebellar granule neurons. A single type of reelin immunoreactivity, identified by a punctate labelling, was present in the somata of the majority of neurons. This immunoreactivity was observed throughout maturation and was exclusively present in glutamatergic neurons expressing the vesicular glutamate transporter 1. Neurons containing the reelin receptors apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (Apoer2) and very low-density lipoprotein receptor (Vldlr) represented about 80% of cerebellar neurons. The vast majority of reelin-positive neurons coexpressed Apoer2, suggesting that reelin immunoreactivity resulted in part from receptor-bound reelin. Inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide completely abolished reelin immunoreactivity. In contrast, blocking protein secretion with brefeldin A did not affect the proportion of punctate neurons but revealed a subpopulation of neurons characterized by a solid reelin staining. These data show for the first time that a homogeneous population of glutamatergic neurons can synthesize and secrete reelin in cerebellar granule cells in vitro.","PeriodicalId":19153,"journal":{"name":"Neuron glia biology","volume":"4 3","pages":"189-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1740925X09990214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28339200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Extracellular matrix in plasticity and epileptogenesis. 细胞外基质可塑性与癫痫发生。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-08-01 Epub Date: 2009-06-05 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09000118

Alexander Dityatev, Tommaso Fellin

{"title":"Extracellular matrix in plasticity and epileptogenesis.","authors":"Alexander Dityatev, Tommaso Fellin","doi":"10.1017/S1740925X09000118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X09000118","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular matrix (ECM) in the brain is composed of molecules synthesized and secreted by neurons and glial cells in a cell-type-specific and activity-dependent manner. During development, ECM plays crucial roles in proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural cells. In the mature brain, ECM undergoes a slow turnover and supports multiple physiological processes, while restraining structural plasticity. In the first part of this review, we discuss the contribution of ECM molecules to different forms of plasticity, including developmental plasticity in the cortex, long-term potentiation and depression in the hippocampus, homeostatic scaling of synaptic transmission and metaplasticity. In the second part, we focus on pathological changes associated with epileptogenic mutations in ECM-related molecules or caused by seizure-induced remodeling of ECM. The available data suggest that ECM components regulating physiological plasticity are also engaged in different aspects of epileptogenesis, such as dysregulation of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, sprouting of mossy fibers, granule cell dispersion and gliosis. At the end, we discuss combinatorial approaches that might be used to counteract seizure-induced dysregulation of both ECM molecules and extracellular proteases. By restraining ECM modification and preserving the status quo in the brain, these treatments might prove to be valid therapeutic interventions to antagonize the progression of epileptogenesis.","PeriodicalId":19153,"journal":{"name":"Neuron glia biology","volume":"4 3","pages":"235-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1740925X09000118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28220631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 101

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor independent changes in expression of polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule despite blockade of homosynaptic long-term potentiation and heterosynaptic long-term depression in the awake freely behaving rat dentate gyrus. n -甲基- d-天冬氨酸受体不独立的多唾液酸-神经细胞粘附分子在清醒自由行为大鼠齿状回同突触长期增强和异突触长期抑制阻断下的表达变化。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-08-01 Epub Date: 2009-08-13 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09990159

Jose J Rodríguez, Glenn M Dallérac, Masashi Tabuchi, Heather A Davies, Frances M Colyer, Michael G Stewart, Valérie Doyère

{"title":"N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor independent changes in expression of polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule despite blockade of homosynaptic long-term potentiation and heterosynaptic long-term depression in the awake freely behaving rat dentate gyrus.","authors":"Jose J Rodríguez, Glenn M Dallérac, Masashi Tabuchi, Heather A Davies, Frances M Colyer, Michael G Stewart, Valérie Doyère","doi":"10.1017/S1740925X09990159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X09990159","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations examining the role of polysialic acid (PSA) on the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in synaptic plasticity have yielded inconsistent data. Here, we addressed this issue by determining whether homosynaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) and heterosynaptic long-term depression (LTD) induce changes in the distribution of PSA-NCAM in the dentate gyrus (DG) of rats in vivo. In addition, we also examined whether the observed modifications were initiated via the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Immunocytochemical analysis showed an increase in PSA-NCAM positive cells both at 2 and 24 h following high-frequency stimulation of either medial or lateral perforant paths, leading to homosynaptic LTP and heterosynaptic LTD, respectively, in the medial molecular layer of the DG. Analysis of sub-cellular distribution of PSA-NCAM by electron microscopy showed decreased PSA dendritic labelling in LTD rats and a sub-cellular relocation towards the spines in LTP rats. Importantly, these modifications were found to be independent of the activation of NMDA receptors. Our findings suggest that strong activation of the granule cells up-regulates PSA-NCAM synthesis which then incorporates into activated synapses, representing NMDA-independent plastic processes that act synergistically on LTP/LTD mechanisms without participating in their expression.","PeriodicalId":19153,"journal":{"name":"Neuron glia biology","volume":"4 3","pages":"169-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1740925X09990159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28336365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Synaptic plasticity-associated proteases and protease inhibitors in the brain linked to the processing of extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules. 大脑突触可塑性相关蛋白酶和蛋白酶抑制剂与细胞外基质和细胞粘附分子的加工有关。

Neuron glia biology Pub Date : 2008-08-01 Epub Date: 2009-08-13 DOI: 10.1017/S1740925X09990172

Tet Woo Lee, Vicky W K Tsang, Nigel P Birch

引用次数: 34