American Journal of Business and Strategic Management最新文献

{"title":"The Need, Development, and Benefits of Commercial Arbitration in Afghanistan","authors":"Mohammad Aimal Haqmal, Sayed Akram Hashimi, Abdul Hadi Zamani","doi":"10.58425/ajbsm.v3i1.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/ajbsm.v3i1.244","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Commercial arbitration is considered to be one of the best and widely accepted mechanisms for resolving commercial disputes in the world today. However, on the one hand, as a member state of the international community, with regard to foreign investment and commercial development in Afghanistan, to what extent does Afghanistan need commercial arbitration in its jurisdiction? How much attention has been paid to the and finally, what are the benefits and advantages of this dispute resolution mechanism for the opposing sides of commercial disputes? All of these queries have been analytically discussed in this research. In this study, the efforts made in Afghanistan are evaluated. The basic purpose of the subject is to evaluate the need and development of commercial arbitration in Afghanistan and to reveal its benefits to foreign and domestic businessmen and companies so that businessmen and companies in Afghanistan can resolve their commercial disputes through a cheap, easy and efficient arbitration mechanism which ultimately paves the way for encouraging greater foreign investment and trade in Afghanistan. \u0000Methods: In this research, the bibliographic approach has been used and the strategy of presenting the research information is descriptive and analytical. \u0000Results: The findings of the research show that Afghanistan accepted commercial arbitration as a mechanism for resolving commercial disputes in its jurisdiction almost decades ago, and today it has created many laws for its more efficiency. In addition, it has also practically created arbitration centers and institutions for the resolution of commercial disputes and even created some educational programs for the training of professional arbitrators and expert in this field. \u0000Recommendation: To a noticeable extent, Afghanistan has paid significant attention to the development of arbitration, it still needs to establish countrywide arbitration centers, enact new procedural laws to enforce arbitral awards and ultimately it needs to institutionalize the use of arbitration mechanism in its legal system.","PeriodicalId":191361,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Strategic Management","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Process Alignment on Performance of Pharmaceutical Firms in Kenya","authors":"Ezekiel Kiriinya Akwalu","doi":"10.58425/ajbsm.v1i2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/ajbsm.v1i2.22","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of process alignment on performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya \u0000Methodology: This research adopted a descriptive research design. The target population of interest in this study were the 22 local pharmaceutical manufacturing and 149 importing firms that act as subsidiaries making a total of 171. The study sample was drawn from the list of 171 pharmaceutical firms where various categories with the relevant information for the study were drawn. The study adopted a census sampling technique. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 by making use of multiple regressions analysis which helped to generate a weighted estimation equation (OLS) that was used to predict values for dependent variable from the values of the independent variable. \u0000Findings: The correlation and regression results revealed that process alignment had a positive and significant relationship with performance of pharmaceutical firms. The null hypothesis was rejected which indicated that there was no significant relationship between resilience building and performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya. \u0000Recommendations: Based on the study findings, it was recommended that pharmaceutical firms should align their processes with those of the customers. The firms are encouraged to adopt management styles which are compatible with the clients in terms of mission and vision, improve or maintain their delivery standards such as on time and quality delivery, implement marketing strategies which are compatible with customers’ standards and or exceed their expectations, and finally the management should strive to meet the customer expectations by improving the characteristics of the products. According to the regression analysis results, these activities enhance the performance of the firm.","PeriodicalId":191361,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Strategic Management","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125237381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tax Compliance among Small and Micro Enterprises: A Case Study of Small and Microenterprises in Abuja, Nigeria.","authors":"Millicent Adaeze Okoli, I. Abegunde","doi":"10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the compliance of tax by among small and micro enterprises in Abuja, Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: The study utilized a descriptive survey research design utilizing quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population to be selected was 540 TOT registered SME tax payers within the Abuja city central business district (CBD) dealing with Information Communication Technology products. The present study adopted a stratified random sampling technique to proportionately select a sample of 54 SMEs from the target population of 540 SMEs. \u0000Results: Tax compliance was strongly correlated with taxpayers’ attitudes (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.595), tax payers understanding of the tax structure (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.465), cost of compliance (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.607) and audits & penalties (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.609). \u0000Conclusion: There exist less tax compliance among small and micro enterprises in Abuja CBD due to less information about taxation and importance of paying taxes. \u0000Recommendation: The study recommended the government to increase civic education about taxation and importance of paying taxes in schools and colleges so as to foster tax compliant citizens. The study also recommended further research to be done on the implications of increased regional trade by SMEs on tax compliance.","PeriodicalId":191361,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Strategic Management","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132698721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Adoption of Disruptive Technologies Improve Performance of Insurance Firms in Developing Countries?","authors":"Prerna Vishwakarma Bhatt, Shahriyar Khan","doi":"10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed at assessing whether adoption of disruptive technologies can improve performance of insurance firms in developing countries. \u0000Methods: The study adopted a desktop research design. Relevant books references and journal articles for the study were identified using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed materials that were related to technology and the performance of insurance firms. \u0000Findings: The study found that various aspects of disruptive technologies have a significant impact on performance of insurance firms in developing countries. The findings also revealed that mobile phone technology has contributed to increased customer base and real-time customer service delivery. The study also established that disruptive technologies can enable real-time business evaluation through big data analytics thus boosting overall performance and profitability of insurance firms. \u0000Conclusion: There exist numerous disruptive technologies such as big data analytics, artificial intelligence systems, cloud computing, digital currency technologies, etc that can be adopted to boost performance of insurance firms in developing countries. Adoption of disruptive technologies can increase operational efficiency, increase customer base and increase competitive advantage. \u0000Recommendations: Insurance firms in developing countries should adopt disruptive technologies to improve on both financial and non-financial performance. The study recommend insurance firms in developing countries should redefine their operations to pave way for adoption of disruptive technologies. Also, developing countries should mandate their respective insurance regulatory bodies to create a favorable environment for the adoption of disruptive technologies.","PeriodicalId":191361,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Strategic Management","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122213914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of how Strategic Planning Influences Crisis Management Styles in Manufacturing Firms in Ghana.","authors":"James Adekorafo Osei, Emmanuel Yooku","doi":"10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to analyze how strategic planning influences crisis management styles in manufacturing firms in Ghana. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research design. Relevant books references and journal articles for the study were identified using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed materials that were related to strategic planning and crisis management. \u0000Findings: The result of the findings revealed that strategic planning enhances management of crisis. Also, any crisis management style applied at a given catastrophe will determine if the destruction will be minor or major disaster. Lastly, organization that employs strategic approach to crisis management style will be pro-active in managing crisis. \u0000Conclusion: It is clear from literature that organizations that aim to handle crisis well be pre-planned to adapt to changing circumstances, have leaders able to inspire their people with a sense of hope and direction, have an organizational culture that values disciplined planning whilst fostering an ability to be creative and innovate, plan and make decisions carefully in a structured way, yet be responsive and able to move quickly and boldly, and have teams able to recognize patterns and integrate disparate information in order to make sense of a chaotic situation, while being sensitive and alert to subtle changes to the environment as the situation evolves. \u0000Recommendation: Organizations should incorporate strategic approach to crisis management and also put in place strategic/crisis management team that will be able to manage crisis within the shortest period of time. Also, employees should be trained on the positive and negative effect of crisis. Finally, employees should also be sensitized on how to adapt to changing circumstances that might occur before, during and after crisis.","PeriodicalId":191361,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Strategic Management","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125575986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Employee Resistance during Organizational Change: Causes and Solutions Available.","authors":"Fredrick Obina, Susan Adenike","doi":"10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine how employee resist to change during organizational change and how human resource managers can use organizational strategies to manage employee resistance. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted desktop research approach to review previous literature on the subject matter. \u0000Findings: The study found that employees’ reactions to change depend on the benefits that they think will result from it. If employees believe they will profit from organizational change, they will support it but they will resist it if they feel it will make them lose status, prestige, earning power, or the job. In some instances, employees resist change because they have to learn something new. In many cases, there is no disagreement with the benefits of the new process, but rather a fear of the unknown future and about the ability to adapt to it. The study also found out that a significant number of human resource managers fear employee resistance and do not use resistance as an opportunity to engage and learn. \u0000Conclusion: Evaluation of change will always lead to one of the four reactions: rejection, resistance, tolerance or acceptance. \u0000Recommendation: Human resource managers should be trained to possess the requisite skills and competencies in change management so that they could efficiently handle all forms of resistance from employees. Also, the study recommend human resource managers to study the root causes of employee resistance to change so that appropriate corrective measures and strategies can be developed.  ","PeriodicalId":191361,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Strategic Management","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131028398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Price Wars on Sales Performance of Carbonated Drinks Companies in Kenya: A Case of Highlands Drinks Limited.","authors":"Martin N Waiganjo","doi":"10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/ajbsm.v1i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study focused on examining the impact of price wars on sales performance of carbonated drinks companies in Kenya with reference to Highlands Drinks Limited. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design that gathered both quantitative and qualitative data. The target population comprised of 300 managers from different carbonated drinks companies that sell their products in Nyeri town. After employing stratified random sampling, the sample size was 90 respondents which was 30% of the target population. The study employed a questionnaire to obtain primary data whose reliability was tested through Cronbach’s alpha in which 0.789 value was obtained which was acceptable. The questionnaire return rate was 94.44%. Quantitative data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and presented as figures and tables for clarity. Qualitative data was used to supplement interpretation of quantitative data. \u0000Findings: The findings showed that the days of wild growth and huge profits for Kenya’s carbonated soft drink manufacturers could be over as price war continue to intensify due to competition pressures. It was evident that refraining from price cuts would cause sale volumes of the former duopoly (Coca-Cola and a Pepsi) to plunge even further than had been experienced, given the low per capita consumption of carbonated soft drinks in Kenya. Also, the study found out that even though price cuts are an advantage of consumers, it is a disadvantage to manufacturers as it affects their profitability, which also in turn reduces taxes to government. \u0000Conclusion: The main competing strategy employed by majority of carbonated drinks manufacturer was pricing. Pricing is one of the important decisions that need to be made by a firm and which affects its revenue and profitability. \u0000Recommendations: The study recommends the carbonated drinks manufacturers in Kenya to adopt non price competition strategies that can be employed by business owners and sales reps to avoid a price war. These strategies include price matching, evaluating competitors, product re-branding, increasing stockists, and creative advertising.","PeriodicalId":191361,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Strategic Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130339148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}