{"title":"COVID-19, Influenza, and Other Acute Respiratory Viral Infections: Etiology, Immunopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Part I. COVID-19 and Influenza.","authors":"T N Ilyicheva, S V Netesov, V N Gureyev","doi":"10.3103/S0891416822010025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416822010025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper briefly reviews pathogens causing acute respiratory viral infections (ARVIs), including influenza viruses; coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2; parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, pneumoviruses, and specifically respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumoviruses, enteroviruses, rhinoviruses, and bocaviruses. This review presents modern data on the structure and replication of viruses, epidemiology, and immunopathogenesis of diseases and on diagnostics, preventive vaccination, and antiviral drugs for the treatment of ARVIs. Special attention is paid to the SARS-CoV-2 virus caused COVID-19 pandemic with analyses of similarities and differences between COVID-19 and other ARVIs, first of all, influenza virus. Topical issues regarding ARVI vaccination and the search for new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9342941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40676192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N A Zeninskaya, A K Riabko, M A Marin, T I Kombarova, I P Mitsevich, B V Yeruslanov, V V Firstova, I G Shemyakin
{"title":"Production and Characterization of Rat Monoclonal Antibodies against the PAL Antigen of <i>Legionella</i> spp.","authors":"N A Zeninskaya, A K Riabko, M A Marin, T I Kombarova, I P Mitsevich, B V Yeruslanov, V V Firstova, I G Shemyakin","doi":"10.3103/S0891416822020082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416822020082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this work was to obtain genus-specific monoclonal antibodies against the <i>Legionella</i> spp. recombinant PAL protein, which will subsequently allow to use them as a basis for the development of new express tests for pathogenic legionella detection. A short three-week immunization protocol for Wistar rats was used to generate rat-mouse heterohybridomas producing antibodies against PAL. Mouse myeloma cell line Sp2/0-Ag14 served as the fusion partner. Hybridization was performed using two methods: PEG-mediated fusion and electrofusion. Subsequent screening was performed by indirect solid-phase ELISA against the target protein rPAL. Specificity analysis was performed by dot-blot using a panel of lysates obtained from 39 pure cultures of different strains, which included closely related and heterologous microorganisms among others. No difference in the efficiency of stable hybridoma clones production by the two indicated cell-fusion methods was detected. Twelve clones producing specific rat monoclonal antibodies were obtained based on the screening results. The obtained rat monoclonal antibodies are highly specific towards the PAL protein of <i>L. pneumophila</i> of different serological groups and other pathogenic legionella and are good candidates to be used as the components of diagnostic test systems for the detection of pathogenic representatives of the <i>Legionella</i> genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9527138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33497367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of Fragments in Human Hemostatic Proteins That Mimics Fragments in Proteins of A/H1N1 Viruses and Coronaviruses.","authors":"I N Zhilinskaya, V A Marchenko, E P Kharchenko","doi":"10.3103/S0891416822040103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416822040103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>: To compare the repertoire of proteins of the human hemostatic system and fragments mimicking these proteins in the proteins of influenza A/H1N1 viruses and coronaviruses. <b>Material and methods</b>. Influenza viruses A/H1N1 (A/Brevig Mission/1/18), A/St. Petersburg /RII04/2016 (H1N1)pdm09, coronaviruses SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (strain Wuhan-Hu-1) were used for comparative computer analysis. The sources of the primary structures of proteins of the analyzed viruses and 41 proteins of the human hemostatic system were publicly available Internet databases, respectively, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov and www.nextprot.org. The search for homologous sequences in the structure of viral proteins and hemostatic proteins was carried out by comparing fragments of 12 amino acids in length, taking as related those that showed identity at ≥8 positions. <b>Results</b>. Comparative analysis of the repertoire of cellular proteins of the hemostatic system and fragments mimicking these proteins in the structure of proteins of viruses A/H1N1 1918, A(H1N1)pdm09 isolated in 2016, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, showed a significant difference between SARS-CoV-2 and analyzed viruses. In the protein structure of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, mimicry was revealed for almost all analyzed hemostasis proteins. As for the comparison of viruses A/H1N1 1918, A(H1N1)pdm09 2016 and SARS-CoV, the influenza virus A/H1N1 1918 and SARS-CoV are the closest in the repertoire of hemostatic proteins. <b>Conclusion</b>. Obtained bioinformatic analysis data can serve as a basis for further study of the role of homologous fragments in the regulation of hemostasis of the host organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10026243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9191338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dan Zhu, Mengyue Mengyue, Aaodeng Qimuge, Bilige Bilige, Tegexi Baiyin, Temuqile Temuqile, Shana Chen, Siqin Borjigen, Huricha Baigude, Dezhi Yang
{"title":"Oral Delivery of SARS-CoV-2 DNA Vaccines Using Attenuated <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> as a Carrier in Rat.","authors":"Dan Zhu, Mengyue Mengyue, Aaodeng Qimuge, Bilige Bilige, Tegexi Baiyin, Temuqile Temuqile, Shana Chen, Siqin Borjigen, Huricha Baigude, Dezhi Yang","doi":"10.3103/S0891416822030107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416822030107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the disease that has been identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the prophylactic treatment of SARS-CoV-2 is still under investigation. The effective delivery of eukaryotic expression plasmids to the immune system's inductive cells constitutes an essential requirement for generating effective DNA vaccines. Here, we have explored the use of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> as vehicles to deliver expression plasmids orally. The attenuated <i>Salmonella phoP</i> was constructed by the one-step gene inactivation method, and plasmid-encoded the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 was transform into the <i>Salmonella phoP</i> by electroporation. Western blot experiment was used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 expression on 293T cells. Wistar rats were immunized orally with <i>Salmonella</i> that carried a eukaryotic expression plasmid once a week for three consecutive weeks. The ELISA was performed to measure the SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG at rat's serum samples. pSARS-CoV-2 can be successfully expression on 293T cells, and all immunized animals generated immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, indicating that a <i>Salmonella-</i>based vaccine carrying the Spike gene can elicit SARS-CoV-2-specific secondary immune responses in rats. Oral delivery of SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccines using attenuated <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> may help develop a protective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9790184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10465419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonia Hassani, F. Sotoodehnejadnematalahi, A. Fateh, S. Siadat
{"title":"Evaluation of Association between Bifidobacterium bifidum Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Intestinal Epithelium Tight Junction Proteins through Notch-1 and AhR Activation in Caco-2 Cell Line","authors":"Sonia Hassani, F. Sotoodehnejadnematalahi, A. Fateh, S. Siadat","doi":"10.3103/S0891416821050086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416821050086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75831541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madhulika Ramesh, Aparajita Sen, Meenakshi Vachher, Arti Nigam
{"title":"Delineating Bacteria Using DNA Barcoding","authors":"Madhulika Ramesh, Aparajita Sen, Meenakshi Vachher, Arti Nigam","doi":"10.3103/S0891416821050128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416821050128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88468108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of XPG Gene Polymorphism towards Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility: A Case Control Study","authors":"Hadia Ibrar, N. Masood, Saima Shakil Malik","doi":"10.3103/S0891416821050098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416821050098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77772414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computational Simulation of Conjugated Cholera Toxin Protein","authors":"S. Badshah, A. Naeem","doi":"10.3103/S0891416821050049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416821050049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91051100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Fatima, A. Tabassum, U. Kulsoom, M. Amjad, S. Zehra, A. Azhar
{"title":"Genetic Evaluation of Interleukin-10 Gene Variants with Predisposition to Coronary Heart Disease","authors":"S. Fatima, A. Tabassum, U. Kulsoom, M. Amjad, S. Zehra, A. Azhar","doi":"10.3103/S0891416821050074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416821050074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84340299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Abbasi, F. Kafilzadeh, A. Tanomand, S. Zolghadri, H. Hosainzadegan
{"title":"Gold Nanoparticles Conjugating Recombinant Nontoxic Pseudomonas Exotoxin A as a Vaccine Candidate for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections","authors":"M. Abbasi, F. Kafilzadeh, A. Tanomand, S. Zolghadri, H. Hosainzadegan","doi":"10.3103/S0891416821050025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416821050025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19005,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82926744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}