ACS Macro Letters最新文献

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Programmable Amine Copolymers from Keteniminium-Mediated Post-Polymerization Modification 可编程胺共聚物的氯胺酮介导聚合后改性
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-08-18 Epub Date: 2026-08-03 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00300
Kasun Wekasinghe, Molly S. Carpenter, Aaron J. Teator
{"title":"Programmable Amine Copolymers from Keteniminium-Mediated Post-Polymerization Modification","authors":"Kasun Wekasinghe,&nbsp;Molly S. Carpenter,&nbsp;Aaron J. Teator","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00300","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Amine-containing polymers are highly sought after fora multitudeof applications, yet their direct synthesis is often hindered by theinherent nucleophilicity of the amine functionality. While postpolymerizationmodification (PPM) offers a viable alternative, most strategies relyon designer-activated polymer precursors. Herein, we report a one-potreductive PPM of unactivated poly(dialkylacrylamide)s to access adiverse array of amine-containing functional copolymers. This approachleverages an amide activation strategy using trifluoromethanesulfonicanhydride (Tf<sub>2</sub>O) to generate electrophilic keteniminiumion intermediates. Subsequent trapping with Grignard reagents and <em>in situ</em> reduction of the resulting iminium species yieldsfunctional tertiary amines that are proximal to the polymer backbone.This approach avoids the need for activated monomers and enables thepreparation of copolymers formally arising from acrylamide and allylamine monomers with tunable physical properties. Importantly, straightforwardquaternization of the newly installed pendant amines furnishes cationicpolymers that exhibit promising antimicrobial activity. This workexpands the scope of unactivated poly(acrylamide) functionalization,providing a robust platform for the discovery of bioactive polymericmaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 8","pages":"1135–1141"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148655750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Selectively Antibacterial Action of Deoxy Cationic Cellulose for Effectively Killing ESKAPE Bacteria 脱氧阳离子纤维素对ESKAPE细菌的选择性抗菌作用。
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-08-18 Epub Date: 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00266
Xi Wang, Hailong Zhuo, Chunchun Yin, Qun Luo, Jun Zhang, Jinming Zhang
{"title":"Selectively Antibacterial Action of Deoxy Cationic Cellulose for Effectively Killing ESKAPE Bacteria","authors":"Xi Wang,&nbsp;Hailong Zhuo,&nbsp;Chunchun Yin,&nbsp;Qun Luo,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Jinming Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00266","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00266","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efficientlyeradicating superbacteria without harming normal cellsand inducing bacterial drug-resistance holds significant importancein safeguarding human health. Herein, we discovered a novel selectivebactericidal material synthesized from natural cellulose as the backbone,with cationic groups introduced via a deoxygenation process. Comparedto conventional ester-type cationic cellulose derivatives (CCDs),deoxy-type CCDs exhibit high selective bactericidal activity. Throughtailored cationic structure and substitution degree modulation, thesederivatives achieve targeted bacterial eradication at low concentrationswhile maintaining mammalian cell biocompatibility. Specifically, deoxy-typeCCDs, C-Ts-BenA0.80 and C-Ts-TBuP0.83, demonstrate minimum inhibitoryconcentrations (MICs) of 16 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>, respectively, withcorresponding selectivity indices of 312 and 50. Deoxy-type CCDs havestrong cell-membrane depolarization ability owing to the unique surfacecharge distribution, thus leading to bacterial death. Based on thephysical membrane-disruption mechanism, deoxy-type CCDs do not inducethe emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and can effectively killa variety of superbugs, including ESKAPE bacteria. The synergisticeffect between the linkage bond and cations offers a new approachfor constructing highly efficient and nontoxic inactivating materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 8","pages":"1101–1109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deliquescent Salt Layer-Induced Asymmetric Porosity and Self-Polarized β-Phase in Spin-Coated PVDF Membranes 自旋涂覆PVDF膜中潮解盐层诱导的不对称孔隙和自极化β相。
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-08-18 Epub Date: 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00301
Mengyang Liu, Zheng Xing, Zhanbin Qiu, Xiaomei Cai, Qin Liu, Tingping Lei
{"title":"Deliquescent Salt Layer-Induced Asymmetric Porosity and Self-Polarized β-Phase in Spin-Coated PVDF Membranes","authors":"Mengyang Liu,&nbsp;Zheng Xing,&nbsp;Zhanbin Qiu,&nbsp;Xiaomei Cai,&nbsp;Qin Liu,&nbsp;Tingping Lei","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00301","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00301","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Achieving simultaneous control over the self-polarizedβ-phaseand strain-amplifying microarchitectures in PVDF remains challenging.Here, we report a facile approach that introduces a deliquescent saltlayer (e.g., CaCl<sub>2</sub>) during conventional spin-coating toaddress this issue. In this process, most deliquescent salt is trappednear the membrane bottom interface, while a minor fraction migratestoward the top surface. The resulting asymmetric salt distributiondraws in ambient moisture, establishing a vertical water gradientthat drives <em>in situ</em> nonsolvent-induced phase separation(NIPS), wherein cooperative interactions (hydrogen bonding, ion–dipole,and dipole–dipole) align PVDF chains into the self-polarizedβ-phase. After removing the residual salt from the membrane,an asymmetric porous architecture is formed. Under identical tappingconditions, this membrane produces a stable piezoelectric output of∼3.69 V, outperforming KBr-based counterparts (∼1.65V) and nondeliquescent salt systems. This low-cost, scalable strategyeliminates the need for expensive substrates or equipment, offeringa practical route to high-performance flexible piezoelectric devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 8","pages":"1142–1148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148522289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neutral Silicon-Based Lewis Pairs for Living Polymerization of N,N-Dialkylacrylamide Monomers 中性硅基路易斯对活性聚合N,N-二烷基丙烯酰胺单体。
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-08-18 Epub Date: 2026-07-17 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00317
Wuchao Zhao, Zongpeng Guo, Jianghua He, Yuetao Zhang
{"title":"Neutral Silicon-Based Lewis Pairs for Living Polymerization of N,N-Dialkylacrylamide Monomers","authors":"Wuchao Zhao,&nbsp;Zongpeng Guo,&nbsp;Jianghua He,&nbsp;Yuetao Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00317","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00317","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thedevelopment of neutral silicon-based Lewis acids (LAs) hasgained increasing attention, their use as catalysts for polymerizationreactions has not yet been reported. Herein, we report a neutral silicon-basedLewis pair (LP) catalytic system composed of Si(cat<sup>R</sup>)<sub>2</sub> (R = H, Cl, Br, <sup><em>t</em></sup>Bu) LAs andN-heterocyclic olefin (NHO) for the living polymerization of acrylamidemonomers. The coordination behavior between monomers and Si(cat<sup>R</sup>)<sub>2</sub> with varying Lewis acidities was elucidatedby single-crystal X-ray diffraction and in situ NMR analysis. TheSi(cat<sup>H</sup>)<sub>2</sub>/NHO pair exhibited high catalyticactivity and control under ambient conditions, enabling the polymerizationof <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-dimethylacrylamide with highmolecular weights (up to 576 kg·mol<sup>–1</sup>) andlow dispersities (<em>Đ</em> = 1.13–1.22). MALDI-TOF-MSand chain-extension studies confirmed the living nature of the system.The scope was extended to other acrylamides, including <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-diethylacrylamide and <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-diallylacrylamide, allowing the synthesis of well-definedblock copolymers with preserved pendant functionality and clear microphaseseparation behavior as confirmed by DSC. This work constructs a metal-freeneutral silicon-based Lewis pair catalytic platform dedicated to thecontrolled synthesis of polyacrylamides, expands the library of main-groupLewis pair catalysts, and offers a novel synthetic strategy for fabricatingfunctional precision polymers available for postpolymerization modification.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 8","pages":"1169–1175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148462310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Central Disulfide Junction Drives Transient Network Formation in Elastin-Like Polypeptides, Enabling Low-Concentration Hydrogels 中心二硫结驱动弹性蛋白样多肽的瞬态网络形成,使低浓度水凝胶成为可能
IF 5.8
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-08-12 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00338
Tingting Zhang,Jean-François Le Meins,Jean-Paul Chapel,Saron Catak,Guillaume Goudounet,Olivier Sandre,Nadia Mahmoudi,Christophe Schatz,Bertrand Garbay
{"title":"A Central Disulfide Junction Drives Transient Network Formation in Elastin-Like Polypeptides, Enabling Low-Concentration Hydrogels","authors":"Tingting Zhang,Jean-François Le Meins,Jean-Paul Chapel,Saron Catak,Guillaume Goudounet,Olivier Sandre,Nadia Mahmoudi,Christophe Schatz,Bertrand Garbay","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00338","url":null,"abstract":"The self-assembly of associative triblock copolymers composed of a central hydrophilic elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) block and short fatty acid end groups (C16) was investigated in aqueous solution. In one system, the ELP contains 80 pentapeptide units (C16-80-C16), whereas in the other two C16-ELP40 chains were oxidatively coupled through their terminal cysteine residues to form a central disulfide bond, yielding C16-(40)2-C16. Despite their nearly identical molecular weights and compositions, the two polymers exhibit markedly different self-assembly behaviors. C16-80-C16 forms large hydrophobic aggregates that remain kinetically trapped and do not develop a dynamically connected network. In contrast, C16-(40)2-C16 forms very small associative nodes with an aggregation number of only ∼3 chains. These nodes coexist with larger clusters and become dynamically interconnected at higher concentrations, leading to transparent hydrogels at concentrations as low as 2.5 wt %. Oscillatory rheology reveals a transient Maxwell network governed by a single relaxation process associated with the reversible association of the C16 end groups. SAXS, light scattering, cryo-TEM, and molecular modeling consistently support a model in which the central disulfide junction promotes transient network formation.","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148717895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anomalous Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation Dynamics in Polymerization-Driven Complex Coacervation 聚合驱动络合物凝聚的异常液-液相分离动力学。
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-07-21 Epub Date: 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00166
Samiksha Shrivastava,  and , Shensheng Chen*, 
{"title":"Anomalous Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation Dynamics in Polymerization-Driven Complex Coacervation","authors":"Samiksha Shrivastava,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Shensheng Chen*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00166","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00166","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polymerization-driven liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) underpins critical biological processes and biomaterial innovations, yet its underlying kinetic pathway and domain growth law remain unclear. Here we report the first computational study of LLPS dynamics in polymerization-driven polyelectrolyte complex coacervation, where the degree of macromolecular charge asymmetry and polymer connectivity are dynamically changing during polymerization. We show that the polymerization-driven LLPS leads to two-stage kinetics in domain growth <i>L</i>(<i>t</i>): At an early stage, an exponential growth <i>L</i>(<i>t</i>) ∼ exp(<i>t</i>) emerges due to polymerization-driven collapse of conjugated polyions; at later stage, the coupling between polymerization and coarsening lead to a single power-law in domain growth with near-linear scaling <i>L</i>(<i>t</i>) ∼ <i>t</i>. Both stages show drastically faster LLPS dynamics in domain growth compared to the classical prediction of <i>L</i>(<i>t</i>) ∼ <i>t</i><sup>1/3</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 7","pages":"962–967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148222053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Light-Controlled Topology Switching Enables Continuous Modulation of Thermally Induced Phase Behavior in Polymer Solutions 光控拓扑开关实现了聚合物溶液中热诱导相行为的连续调制。
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-07-21 Epub Date: 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00252
Zhuoheng Yu, Jie Zhang, Jun Liu, Yufei Wu, Yu Qiao, Xianjing Zhou*, Li Zhang and Xinping Wang*, 
{"title":"Light-Controlled Topology Switching Enables Continuous Modulation of Thermally Induced Phase Behavior in Polymer Solutions","authors":"Zhuoheng Yu,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Liu,&nbsp;Yufei Wu,&nbsp;Yu Qiao,&nbsp;Xianjing Zhou*,&nbsp;Li Zhang and Xinping Wang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00252","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00252","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dynamic regulation of polymer solution phase behavior with real-time reversibility remains challenging. Here, we report a light-responsive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) system that enables reversible switching between linear and cyclic topologies, allowing continuous modulation of thermally induced phase transitions. Linear PEG functionalized with styrylpyrene end groups undergoes efficient intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition under visible light to form cyclic polymers, while UV irradiation restores the linear precursor. This reversible topology interconversion allows continuous tuning of the cyclic/linear ratio. As a result, the cloud point temperature of aqueous solutions can be modulated over a wide range from 37 to 65 °C. Aggregation appears to be enhanced in linear polymers through end-group-mediated π–π stacking and intermicellar bridging, whereas it is suppressed in cyclic polymers due to topological constraints and reduced stacking interactions. This work establishes topology switching as a noninvasive strategy for dynamically regulating polymer solution thermodynamics and highlights topology as a tunable parameter for controlling thermoresponsive behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 7","pages":"1021–1027"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148348874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flexible Porous Organic Polymers with α,β-Enone-Linkage via AlCl3-Catalyzed Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons Polymerization for Pd Recovery alcl3催化Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons聚合法制备α,β-烯酮键柔性多孔有机聚合物
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-07-21 Epub Date: 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00261
Ze-Rui Meng, Ze-Shuai Qi, Boya Kuang, Guo-Qing Ren, Hanyuan Chen, Yu Wang, Yan Huang, Xiang-Guo Hu and Mu-Hua Huang*, 
{"title":"Flexible Porous Organic Polymers with α,β-Enone-Linkage via AlCl3-Catalyzed Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons Polymerization for Pd Recovery","authors":"Ze-Rui Meng,&nbsp;Ze-Shuai Qi,&nbsp;Boya Kuang,&nbsp;Guo-Qing Ren,&nbsp;Hanyuan Chen,&nbsp;Yu Wang,&nbsp;Yan Huang,&nbsp;Xiang-Guo Hu and Mu-Hua Huang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00261","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00261","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this work, highly porous organic polymers with α,β-enone-linkage were synthesized via the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons (H-W-E) polymerization in 10–20 g, and the catalytic amount of AlCl<sub>3</sub> was found to increase the BET surface area of the as-prepared BIT-POP-120 and BIT-POP-121 dramatically (up to 716 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>–1</sup>), much higher than that of enone-liked porous organic polymers (POPs) reported. More importantly, this H-W-E polymerization of triphsophonate <b>4</b> with 2,5-hexanedione <b>6</b> provided a powerful way to offer 18% flexible moiety in BIT-POP-121 based on low-field NMR. Very high Pd/Pt selectivity of 3.54 and 28 was observed for BIT-POP-121 respectively, based on the adsorption capacity and <i>K</i><sub>d</sub> value using a binary solution of Pd<sup>2+</sup> and Pt<sup>2+</sup>. This is very promising for the Pd recovery from the spent automotive catalytic converters in the future. The powerful strategy for making flexible POPs by H–W-E polymerization using easily available and stable aliphatic diketones will lead the development of high-performance flexible POPs for broad applications including recovery of precious metals in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 7","pages":"1028–1034"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radical Polyesters: Connecting Spacer Structure to Bulk Electrical Conductivity 自由基聚酯:连接间隔结构与整体导电性。
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-07-21 Epub Date: 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00245
Kieran G. Stakem, Simon J. Cassidy, William K. Myers and Georgina L. Gregory*, 
{"title":"Radical Polyesters: Connecting Spacer Structure to Bulk Electrical Conductivity","authors":"Kieran G. Stakem,&nbsp;Simon J. Cassidy,&nbsp;William K. Myers and Georgina L. Gregory*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00245","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00245","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Electron exchange communication between nitroxide radical sites localized along polymer backbones creates a compelling platform for spin electronics, resistive memory, and optoelectronics. While radical site proximity, chain flexibility, and local ordering form the basis for this communication, how site-to-site spacer structure governs bulk redox charge transfer remains an open question. Herein, epoxide-cyclic anhydride ring-opening copolymerization produces TEMPO-functional radical polyesters, where strictly alternating enchainment installs a radical at every repeat unit while anhydride comonomer varies spacer structure from flexible aliphatic through alicyclic, bicyclic, and semiaromatic. SQUID magnetometry and EPR spectroscopy confirm radical contents of 86–98%; except for the thioether-containing polyester, where sulfur-specific quenching occurs. Density functional theory calculations reveal that rigid aromatic spacers position radical sites closer than flexible aliphatic ones of comparable through-bond atom counts. However, solid-state electrical conductivity measurements demonstrate that glass transition is the primary determinant of bulk charge transport, regardless of whether it is set through spacer flexibility, blending, or block copolymerization.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 7","pages":"1013–1020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148269572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Topology-Preserving Elastic Deformation Augmentation Enables Robust Defect Detection in Data-Scarce Industrial Imagery 保持拓扑的弹性变形增强技术可以在数据稀缺的工业图像中实现鲁棒缺陷检测。
IF 4.9
ACS Macro Letters Pub Date : 2026-07-21 Epub Date: 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00144
Zhihan Liu,  and , Jianfeng Li*, 
{"title":"Topology-Preserving Elastic Deformation Augmentation Enables Robust Defect Detection in Data-Scarce Industrial Imagery","authors":"Zhihan Liu,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Li*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00144","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00144","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Automated defect detection in materials microscopy is frequently hindered by severe data scarcity and class imbalance. Here, we propose a practical and transferable deep learning framework designed to achieve robust multilabel classification under these constrained conditions. The method integrates a topology-preserving elastic deformation (TPED) strategy, which introduces realistic geometric variability while maintaining semantic consistency, with a lightweight, attention-guided ensemble learner. Validated on directed self-assembly (DSA) block copolymer SEM images, the framework effectively overcomes data set limitations, achieving high micro- and macro-averaged F1-scores across rare and complex defect types. Notably, the model attains an F1-score of 0.987 on the critical discrimination between defect-free and defective samples, approaching human-level precision. To confirm the framework’s generalized utility beyond the semiconductor field, we demonstrate its successful transferability to a distinct wood defect data set. Encapsulated in an open-source, no-code graphical user interface, this work offers a scalable, high-precision solution for industrial inspection tasks where labeled data is limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"15 7","pages":"953–961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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