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Thrift in a time of war and influenza: American mutual life insurance companies, 1917–1920 战争和流感时期的节俭:美国互助人寿保险公司，1917-1920
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2020-0004
Thomas DeBerge
{"title":"Thrift in a time of war and influenza: American mutual life insurance companies, 1917–1920","authors":"Thomas DeBerge","doi":"10.1515/zug-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"The experiences of American mutual life insurance companies during the period of the First World War and the influenza epidemic provide a model for the design of their organizations – their values, operations, and management – that prepare them to respond to unexpected crises, even of unprecedented magnitudes. The principle behind this design was the early 20th century idea of thrift, and one of the key aspects of thrift as put to action was the accumulation of a surplus reserve for contingencies such as war and other higher-than-expected death rates, such as the influenza of 1918 and 1919. At the same time, they paid claims to the families of deceased policyholders, the life insurance companies were also heavily invested in the modernization of American society (governments, transportation, infrastructure, real estate, agriculture). Managers of businesses now facing a global pandemic of COVID-19 will either find themselves prepared financially and also positioned well as proven «essential», socially and economically, in increasingly tumultuous times, or they will learn a lesson in «thrift» with a sense of both social and economic benefit that aims at survival, as well as prevention, of future crises. In 1920, in the wake of the unusually large losses of life resulting from the World War and the influenza epidemic, the president of one American life insurance company made a proclamation in a tone familiar to that industry: «The watchword of the hour is <thrift> – and the embodiment of thrift is life insurance.»1 The idea of thrift was by no means new to this period or to the institution of American life insurance; indeed, with origins in English Puritanism, thrift was connected to a condition of thriving and carried with it a strongly religious con-","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134388392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Die Hamburger Seeversicherung vom 17. bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts 17号汉堡海保到19世纪中叶世纪
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2019-0031
Markus A. Denzel
{"title":"Die Hamburger Seeversicherung vom 17. bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts","authors":"Markus A. Denzel","doi":"10.1515/zug-2019-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2019-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hamburg’s marine insurance from the 17th to the middle of the 19th century In the eighteenth century, Hamburg emerged as the third-most important marine insurance market in North-West Europe, after Amsterdam and London, with an impact in the entire Baltic Sea area, but partially in ports along the Atlantic coast and in the Mediterranean as well. On the basis of selected examples this contribution outlines the long-term development of marine insurance rates and explains how and why it gradually became less and less expensive to insure ships and goods in maritime transport. At the same time, the paper examines the factors of pricing of the marine insurance rates, i. e. analyses the significance of different various risk factors. Finally, the importance of (marine) insurance as a central transaction cost of trade and (maritime) transport in pre-industrial times is made clear. It is explained, that the long-term minimalisation of the risks involved in the maritime traffic did start only after the Napoleonic Wars and the subjugation of the last pirates in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, which, however, occurred long before the introduction of steam shipping and other innovations in maritime transport and international communication.","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127380957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nachruf Prof. Dr. Toni Pierenkemper (17. Oktober 1944 bis 19. Juli 2019)
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2019-0049
R. Banken, H. Fischer
{"title":"Nachruf Prof. Dr. Toni Pierenkemper (17. Oktober 1944 bis 19. Juli 2019)","authors":"R. Banken, H. Fischer","doi":"10.1515/zug-2019-0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2019-0049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116907453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Johannes Bähr/Paul Erker/Maximiliane Rieder, 180 Jahre KraussMaffei, Die Geschichte einer Weltmarke, Siedler Verlag, München 2018, 480 S., € 35,00. 约翰保罗Bähr /, / Maximiliane Rieder KraussMaffei 180年历史,一个定居者出版社,2018年慕尼黑Weltmarke 480 S .€35,00 .
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2018-0024
Stefanie van de Kerkhof
{"title":"Johannes Bähr/Paul Erker/Maximiliane Rieder, 180 Jahre KraussMaffei, Die Geschichte einer Weltmarke, Siedler Verlag, München 2018, 480 S., € 35,00.","authors":"Stefanie van de Kerkhof","doi":"10.1515/zug-2018-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2018-0024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124853427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Die Oberschlesische Kohlenkonvention – eine «kleine Familienvereinigung»? 这些Oberschlesische Kohlenkonvention——«小Familienvereinigung»?
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2019-0021
C. Beyer
{"title":"Die Oberschlesische Kohlenkonvention – eine «kleine Familienvereinigung»?","authors":"C. Beyer","doi":"10.1515/zug-2019-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2019-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Upper Silesian Coal Convention – a «family affair»? This article presents new evidence on the Upper Silesian Coal Convention, a coal-mining cartel in Upper Silesia, in existence from 1898 to 1925. The cartel had evolved from collusive agreements dating back to 1890 and accounted for approximately one fourth of Germany’s coal supply. Yet, market coverage and longevity of the convention, as well as the economic importance of the Upper Silesian industrial district in general, imply that this cartel has been understated in historical research so far. Aristocratic industrialists, the leading group of entrepreneurs in Upper Silesia, shaped the formation and operation of the cartel. They induced an oligopolistic market structure and social homogeneity among cartel members that facilitated cartel formation in Upper Silesia.","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125483605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Günther Schulz/Mark Spoerer (Hrsg.), Integration und Desintegration Europas. Wirtschafts- und sozialhistorische Beiträge (Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte Band 244), Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2019, 230 S., € 46,00. 开始欧洲的一体化经济社会(Vierteljahrschrift sozialhistorische捐助社会和经济史,乐队244),斯图加特2019年弗朗兹·施泰纳出版社230 S .€46.00 .
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2019-0043
H. Leonhardt
{"title":"Günther Schulz/Mark Spoerer (Hrsg.), Integration und Desintegration Europas. Wirtschafts- und sozialhistorische Beiträge (Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte Band 244), Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2019, 230 S., € 46,00.","authors":"H. Leonhardt","doi":"10.1515/zug-2019-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2019-0043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134268632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Luise Stein, Grenzlandschicksale. Unternehmen evakuieren in Deutschland und Frankreich 1939/1940 (Schriftenreihe zur Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Bd. 31), De Gruyter Oldenbourg, Boston/Berlin 2018, 404 S., € 74,95. 路易瑟。史坦，法国神话企业撤离(Schriftenreihe为德国和法国1939/1940 Unternehmensgeschichte期刊上发表的黑火药. 31)De Gruyter Oldenbourg波士顿/ 2018柏林,好像用S .€74.95 .
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2019-0040
Ute Engelen
{"title":"Luise Stein, Grenzlandschicksale. Unternehmen evakuieren in Deutschland und Frankreich 1939/1940 (Schriftenreihe zur Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Bd. 31), De Gruyter Oldenbourg, Boston/Berlin 2018, 404 S., € 74,95.","authors":"Ute Engelen","doi":"10.1515/zug-2019-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2019-0040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115610956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Das Ende eines Automobil-Konzerns – der Borgward-Konkurs und die Bremer Politik 不莱梅政策在本公司破产
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2018-0033
Harald Wixforth
{"title":"Das Ende eines Automobil-Konzerns – der Borgward-Konkurs und die Bremer Politik","authors":"Harald Wixforth","doi":"10.1515/zug-2018-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2018-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The end of an automobile company – Borgward’s bankruptcy and Bremen politics. The collapse of the Borgward company in early 1961 was not only a shocking moment for Bremen, but for the entire German automobile industry. The circumstances of the largest bankruptcy of a German company at the time have repeatedly been subject to debate, especially concerning suspicions and accusations about who was to blame. Those responsible in Bremen politics at the time have especially been the focus of attention and criticism since then. The following study aims to show that grave mistakes within the management of Borgward, such as wrong choices concerning corporate strategy, excessive production- and sales-costs and an antiquated style of leadership, were responsible for the bankruptcy, not Bremen’s politicians. This highlights that a scientifically ambitious historical revision of the Borgward-bankruptcy needs to review new aspects of the story rather than following the approach of previous studies in order to not fall victim to conspiracy theories or ill-founded suspicions.","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124492444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Andrea H. Schneider-Braunberger/Stephanie Tilly, Alles mit Bedacht? – 225 Jahre Bankhaus C. L. Seeliger, Verlag J. H. Meyer GmbH, Braunschweig 2019, 264 S., € 24,90. 很好盖瑞亚Bankhaus c . l . Seeliger 225年,j·h·迈耶出版社有限责任公司,不伦瑞克市2019年,S . 264€24,90 .
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2019-0039
Harald Wixforth
{"title":"Andrea H. Schneider-Braunberger/Stephanie Tilly, Alles mit Bedacht? – 225 Jahre Bankhaus C. L. Seeliger, Verlag J. H. Meyer GmbH, Braunschweig 2019, 264 S., € 24,90.","authors":"Harald Wixforth","doi":"10.1515/zug-2019-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2019-0039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126381364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nachruf Prof. Dr. Hans Pohl (27. März 1935 bis 10. Dezember 2019)
Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/zug-2020-2001
Casten Burhop
{"title":"Nachruf Prof. Dr. Hans Pohl (27. März 1935 bis 10. Dezember 2019)","authors":"Casten Burhop","doi":"10.1515/zug-2020-2001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zug-2020-2001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189634,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130879441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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