Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini最新文献

{"title":"Actual problems of the quality and safety of milk and dairy products","authors":"V. Kotelevich, S. Guralska, V. Honcharenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-24-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-24-39","url":null,"abstract":"Milk and dairy products have a high nutritional and biological value, which causes a great demand for them. The quality and safety of raw milk and dairy products on the way to their production due to potential risks are of great concern. Milk is a good environment for the reproduction of many microorganisms, including dangerous ones: Salmonella Escherichia coli O157^H7, Listeriamono cytogenes, Staphilococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium botulinum, Micobacterium bovi, Brucellaa bortus and Brucellamelitensis Yersiniaentero colitica. The safety and quality of raw milk in Ukraine remains the biggest problem of dairy enterprises reequipped with the latest equipment, technological lines and modern quality control systems. An urgent problem is the quality and safety of milk from cows that are kept in auxiliary farms of the population. According to the results of bacteriological studies in raw milk and dairy products (fermented milk cheese, sour cream) from the auxiliary farms of the population, which are sold in food markets, St. aureusvar. bovis and St. aureusvar. hominis. A low level of sanitary culture causes an increased rate of MAFAnM and psychrophilic microflora in raw milk. In order to increase competitiveness, it is additionally necessary to introduce regulations on the content of psychrophilic microflora. Mastitis is a significant problem in reducing the productivity and quality and safety of milk. Somatic cells are the criterion for determining the quality and safety of raw milk and the state of health of the mammary gland of animals. In pursuit of profit, in order to increase sales of their goods and reduce their cost, many Ukrainian enterprises that produce butter resort to falsifying it with margarine, which includes 80% vegetable oil, emulsifiers, flavorings, vitamins and preservatives. In addition to a significant number of biological pollutants, chemical, physical and inadequate (foreign bodies, allergens, mycotoxins, industrial pollution) pose a danger. Therefore, the prevention of the impact of dangerous substances on the health of the population should be based on the management of the quality and safety of milk and dairy products throughout the food chain \"from the farm to the table\". Key words: raw milk, dairy products, falsification, quality and safety indicators, biological, physical and chemical risks.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the prevalence of osteoarticular pathologies in horses based on the results of radiography","authors":"K. Aharkova, D. Sliusarenko, V. Novytskyi","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-133-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-133-141","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an overview of the literatureand recent scientific research on the spread of bone andjoint pathology among horses. Reasoned relevance andprospects of research on this issue.The article also presents the results of own research aimed at analyzing the distribution of bone andjoint diseases in horses on the territory of equestriansports clubs of Kharkiv region, Poltava region andKyiv region with the aim of finding out the frequencyof occurrence of this group of pathologies.To achievethe goal, radiography of 40 heads of horses aged 8-21years of riding breeds, which had signs of lamenessof the resisting limb, was carried out. Based on theresults of the research, differential diagnosis of boneand joint diseases was carried out. Differential diagnosis of arthrosis was presented taking into account thepathological process and its localization. According tothe obtained data, arthrosis accounted for 55% of thetotal number of studied animals, osteoporosis – 25%,periostitis – 7.5%, cystic formations and bone cracks –7.5%. Bone and joint pathology was not detected in theremaining 5%. Arthritic phenomena were localized inthe joints of the distal part of the limbs, namely: hoof,coronal, putative, carpal and hock. A case was registered when the degenerative process was concentratednot only in one joint, but also moved to the lower one.Among 55% of arthrosis, there were cases of osteoarthrosis, exfoliative osteochondritis, presence of ossification within the joint. The article also comparesown results with data obtained by foreign researchersregarding the distribution of bone and joint pathologiesin horses.In addition, the article substantiates the feasibilityof analyzing the spread of bone and joint diseases inhorses and demonstrates the effectiveness of X-ray diagnostics of these pathologies. Key words: arthrosis, periostitis, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis of the hock joint, osteochondritis dissecans, ossification.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of urine microflora and resistance of isolated pathogens during inflammatory processes of the urinary tract in dogs","authors":"I. Rublenko, I. Chemerovska, M. Bolibrukh, S. Taranuha, M. Nasarenko, S. Rublenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-70-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-70-80","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are currently frequently isolated from pets and farm animals. The long-term irrational use of antibiotics for the treatment of animals and humans is underestimated and requires further attention and research, including in Ukraine. The aim of our study was to identify bacterial isolates and study their sensitivity to antibiotics in urinary tract inflammation in dogs. According to the statistical data of the VetForce system of the BTNAU clinic, out of 202 dogs examined in the clinic, 15 (7.43 %) were diagnosed with diseases with signs of urinary tract inflammation. It has been established that a large number of microorganisms, mainly E. coli, Streptococcus urinae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, causes inflammatory processes of the urinary tract in dogs. A less common microorganism, Klebsiella pneumonia, proved to be resistant. It was found that bacterial cystitis (the first group of animals) prevailed 1.5 times more often than in animals with urolithiasis. In dogs of the first group of 6–12 years old and over 12 years old, the percentage of the disease was higher compared to the group from 0.6 to 1.6 years old by 10.2 and 22.2 %, respectively. Dogs of the second group, aged 1.6–12 years, suffering from urolithiasis (66.6 %), suffer from bacterial diseases 4 times more often compared to animals aged 0.6–1.6 years. Streptococcus urinae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and identified from the urine of dogs in this group. In the associated form, E. coli and Streptococcus pyogene predominated in the urine of dogs. A resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumonia to amoxicillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tetracycline was identified. Antibiotics should be used rationally, taking into account that for the treatment of animals it is necessary to determine the sensitivity of the pathogen with which the animal was infected. Antibiotic therapy should be carried out until complete elimination, which is sometimes achieved through prolonged treatment. Key words: microorganisms, distribution, pathogens, urine, dogs, resistance, antibiotics, urinary tract, bacteriological testing.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"10 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and pharmacological effectiveness of Fit-O-Metrin drug in the scheme of treatment of bovine postpartum metritis","authors":"D. Feshchenko, V. Prus, O. Zghozinska, A. Shevchenko, A. Revunets","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-16-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-16-23","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data on the approval of the new Fit-O-Metrin drug for accelerating the recovery of cows from postpartum metritis. The experiment was focused on monitoring the excretion of exudate; restoration and strengthening of the contractile function and regenerative processes in the uterus after the use of the drug. Favorable conditions for uterine disease are often created during calving. However, the reproductive function of animals is mostly determined by the ability to restore the physiological state of the uterus in the postpartum period. Thus, in the experimental farm AgroTsvit 2012 (Zhytomyr region), clinical and laboratory examination of cows in the postpartum period determined that the prevalence of metritis covers up to 42% of the herd. The largest percentage of sick cows had purulent form (53.1 %), catarrhal-purulent metritis was registered in 30.4 %, catarrhal – in 16.5 %. Through our own research, we determined the effectiveness of the experimental drug Fit-O-Metrin, made on the basis of plant materials (extract of thyme, motherwort, and common barberry) for intrauterine administration as part of the treatment regimen for bovine metritis. In the clinical test, 13 sick cows were involved, to which Fit-O-Metrin was applied according to three different schemes. Another 5 animals with metritis were included in the control group, which were treated according to the standard protocol for the farm. However, regardless of the chosen scheme, the complete cessation of the release of inflammatory exudate from the vagina of the entire cow's herd was recorded already on the 6–7 day (in the control group – on the 9 day). Normalization of tone and anatomical position of the uterus, complete closure of the cervical canal was noted on the 8th day (in the control group – on the 12 day). The most optimal scheme of using the herbal preparation against postpartum purulent metritis is 2 days injections, 2 days break, 2 days injections, 2 days break, final injection. A single dose of the FitO-Metrin drug is 30 ml. Key words: postpartum metritis, Fit-O-Methrin, cattle, treatment scheme, effectiveness, exudate, sexual cycle.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring the behavior of pigs as an indicator of assessing their health and welfare level","authors":"О. Poroshinska, L. Stovbetska, A. Emelyanenko, S. Shmayun, V. Koziy","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-89-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-89-101","url":null,"abstract":"Ethological observation and behavioral monitoring are important indicators for assessing the state of health, determining the level of well-being, and predicting the productive qualities of animals in productive pig farming. An important factor is also the possibility of using behavioral indicators for early diagnosis and monitoring of the course of diseases in pigs of different ages and areas of use. Behavioral tests are used to evaluate the nervous system, reactivity, reproductive and technological qualities of animals. There are many types of behavioral tests. As a rule, the same tests can explain one or more aspects of an animal's behavior. it was established that the following tests are most often used to assess animal behavior: backtest, test for a new object, new environment, person, new animal, etc. One of the most common tests to determine the behavior of pigs is the backtest. It is used to determine the stress resistance of animals. To do this, the piglet is placed on its back for 60 seconds and the number of struggle attempts and its sound response are determined. As a result of the conducted test, piglets were divided into animals with high resistance and low resistance. According to the authors, the behavioral reaction of piglets during the backtest at the beginning of life can indicate the level of coping with stressful situations at an older age. Pig backtesting demonstrated a relationship between the degree of resistance that occurs early in life and a variety of behavioral and physiological responses in fattening pigs. The human test is used to assess aggressive and social behavior, to determine the animal's emotional state, in particular fear, as an instinct for self-preservation. The novel object test can be used to study search and exploratory behavior. The novel objects tested were a rope, a pile of soil, an experimental glove, a ball game, a rubber duck, and a pile of leaves. An important test parameter of the condition of pigs is the assessment of their playing activity. It is believed that, subjectively, play is an expression of the satisfied state of the animal. The study of animal behavior is an important tool for assessing the conditions of keeping and feeding, the level of well-being, and the cognitive-emotional state of animals. Appropriate use of behavioral tests also allows for the assessment and prediction of features of social behavior, reproductive status and potential productive qualities of an animal. Key words: behavior, pigs, physiological state, productivity, methodology.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical-radiological, hematological and biochemical assessment of bone replacement with germanium-doped calcium-phosphate ceramics for fragment fractures of tubular bones in dogs","authors":"T. Todosiuk, M. Rublenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-162-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-162-173","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Among surgical pathology in animals, asignificant share is occupied by various traumatic injuries of the skeleton, the consequence of which are bonefractures. The results of X-ray and biochemical indicators of blood for bone fragment fractures in dogs arepresented.The purpose of the work is to clinically, radiologically, and pathochemically justify bone replacementwith germanium-doped calcium-phosphate ceramicsfor bone fragment fractures in dogs.In the injured animals of the experimental group(n=10), bone defects were replaced with germanium-doped calcium-phosphate ceramics (ГТлГег-700),in the control group (n=10) with unalloyed ceramics(ГТг-700). The activity of total alkaline phosphatase (ALP)and its bone isoenzyme (KiLP), tartrate-resistant acidphosphatase (TrKF) was determined in blood serum.Measurements were made with a Stat Fax 4500 spectrophotometer.On the 60th day, in the animals of the experimentalgroup, the filling of the bone defect with regeneratedmaterial of high X-ray density was noted, with the absence of periosteal reaction, which indicated the complete consolidation of the fracture and was the reasonfor the removal of the means of fixation. In the control,the area of the bone tissue defect that was not filledwith regenerate was visualized.The activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRP) in both groups tended to increase. On the 14th day,the animals of the experimental group had a peak activity of TrKf (33.8±0.31), which was 1.3 times (p<0.001)higher than the level in the control group and 1.5 times(p<0.001) of clinically healthy animals, respectively. Onthe 30th day of research, a 1.2-fold (p<0.001) decreasein the level of TrCF was noted in the experimental groupcompared to the control group, in which the indicatorreached peak values at 34.9±0.25 units/l.The maximum activity of the bone isoenzyme alkaline phosphatase (KiLF) in the experimental groupwas observed on the 14th day of reparative osteogenesis and was 41.7±0.43 units/l, which is 1.2 times(p<0.001) higher than the indicator of the controlgroup. On the other hand, in the last group, the peakactivity of the bone isozyme was noted only on the30th day (40.9±0.48 units/l), while the indicator of theexperimental animals decreased dynamically duringthis period.The use of calcium-phosphate ceramics for fragment fractures of the bones of the tibia in dogs helpsto reduce the intensity of the inflammatory-resorptivestage of reparative osteogenesis and accelerates consolidation by 1.4 times. The dynamics of biochemicalmarkers of bone metabolism testifies to the optimizedcourse of reparative osteogenesis during osteoreplacement of bone defects with germanium-doped calcium-phosphate ceramics. Key words: bioceramics, germanium, total alkaline phosphatase, bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, bonetissue.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of PCR analysis of synovial fluid for the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis in dogs","authors":"O. Panteleienko, T. Tsarenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-59-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-59-69","url":null,"abstract":"Lyme borreliosis, also known as Lyme disease, is a chronic multiorgan disease of humans and animals transmitted by ticks of the Ixodidae family and caused by a group of spirochetes Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Dogs are one of the most susceptible animal species to Lyme disease. Symptoms of the disease in dogs can range from mild lameness and fever to more severe and potentially life-threatening conditions, such as kidney damage and neurological disorders. Due to the variety of clinical manifestations and the lack of a universal diagnostic approach, veterinarians often face difficulties in accurately diagnosing the disease. Therefore, improving the algorithms for diagnosing Lyme borreliosis in dogs remains an urgent issue for practical veterinary medicine. The article describes and analyzes data on two cases of dogs from Kyiv (Ukraine) that presented with musculoskeletal disorders, including lameness, swelling of the knee joints, and tenderness, which raised suspicion of Lyme borreliosis. The diagnostic tests used to confirm the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis included clinical blood test, C-reactive protein test, cerebrospinal fluid cytology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IgM and IgG antigens to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, computed tomography and PCR analysis of synovial fluid for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA. As a result, the clinical blood test, C-reactive protein test, and cerebrospinal fluid cytology were not diagnostically important for the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. In both cases, serological tests for antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were not positive. Computed tomography showed the development of an inflammatory process in the knee joints with the formation of osteophytes, enthesophytes, sclerosis of the articular surfaces, and an increase in the volume of synovial bursa. The final diagnosis of Lyme arthritis in both dogs was established by PCR analysis of synovial fluid from the affected joints for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA. This study emphasizes the importance of considering Lyme borreliosis as a potential cause of musculoskeletal disorders in dogs. We also propose an expanded algorithm for the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis in dogs with a pronounced symptom complex of Lyme arthritis using the method of PCR analysis of synovial fluid to detect the DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochetes. Key words: Lyme borreliosis in dogs, clinical cases, diagnosis, polymerase chain reaction, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological characteristics of the probiotic drug Bioseven","authors":"A. Dyuba, V. Lyasota","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-102-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-102-112","url":null,"abstract":"Ukraine's food security is determined by the production of a sufficient number of high-quality, ecologically harmless, complete food products of animal origin. Bacterial preparations based on live microbial cultures - pre and probiotics - have become widely used in most countries of the world, including Ukraine, in the technological process of growing agricultural animals, especially poultry. The purpose of the work was to conduct a toxicological characterization of the probiotic preparation Bioseven. The following research methods were used to obtain scientific information: zootechnical, zoohygienic, morphological, biochemical, statistical. The research was conducted on white Wistar rats of both sexes. Healthy animals with the ap propriate body weight were used in the experiments. Fluctuations in body weight in the respective groups did not exceed ±10.0 %. Animals were kept in groups in cages in compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. It was established that when Bioseven was administered to white rats in doses of 1000, 2500, 5000 mg/kg, all animals remained alive and clinically healthy: the behavior of the animals was typical for this species of rodents. Activity, grooming, breathing rate, feed and water consumption in all groups did not differ significantly and were within physiological norms, no signs of intoxication were registered. Under the conditions of intragastric administration of the drug Bioseven LD 50 for white mice and rats is more than 5000 mg/kg of body weight. The use of the drug Bio-seven in the above doses for 30 days leads to kidney and liver damage in the animals of the third experimental group (10-fold dose). The application of the drug Bioseven to the animals of the two experimental groups did not show probable changes in the morphological and biochemical indicators of the blood compared to the control. The level of endogenous intoxication of the body of white rats (SZE) did not change between experimental animals. Thus, the toxicological characteristics of the probiotic preparation Bioseven indicate the absence of a suppressive effect of the probiotic Bioseven on the metabolic processes of the body of laboratory animals. Key words: probiotic, toxicological characteristics, suppressive effect, biochemical, ecologically harmless, complete, food products, animal origin, food safety, consumer.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of antibiotic treatment duration on the development of antibiotic resistance","authors":"R. Shahanenko, N. Kozii, V. Shahanenko, N. Avramenko, S. Taranuha","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-113-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-113-124","url":null,"abstract":"Avoidance of unnecessary antimicrobial administration is a key point of antimicrobial stewardship; knowing the optimal duration of therapy obviates over-treatment. In this article we have highlighted the results of modern research on the influence of the duration of antibiotic use on the success of treatment and the development of resistance of microorganisms. Foreign literary sources and the results of scientific research by experts in this field are analyzed. Based on the research results, the following conclusions were made. The results of modern studies on the duration of antibiotic use show that short-course antibiotic therapy is superior to usual long-course antimicrobial treatment. A short course of antibiotic therapy usually leads to the same positive clinical outcomes, a lower rate of antibiotic resistance and the number of clinical relapses. The two most important potential complications associated with the duration of antibiotic therapy are incomplete treatment and the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The time points used for antibiotic treatment (clinical or bacteriological cure, relapses, etc.) are subjective, complex and unreliable. The effectiveness of procalcitonin or other blood parameters for use in monitoring antibiotic treatment requires more focused studies. Despite the high relevance and publicity of various aspects of antibiotic therapy in the practice of human and animal healthcare, research on the efficacy and consequences of short-term antibiotic therapy in veterinary medicine is limited. More attention should be paid to this issue, especially in the field of animal husbandry. Key words: antibiotic resistance, antibiotic, microorganisms, treatment scheme, animals, duration of antibiotic therapy, clinical result, relapses.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rationale and efficacy of sexual desire stimulation in mares under anaphrodisia","authors":"Y. Ordin, B. Ivasenko, O. Yeroshenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-6-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-180-1-6-15","url":null,"abstract":"Data from the literature regarding the objectivity of clinical and hormonal methods of diagnosing disorders of the gonads are contradictory, because they do not always accurately reflect the state of the course of folliculo-luteogenesis. At the same time, the relationship between clinical and endocrine indicators is still insufficiently clarified, which does not allow for the development of a justified use of drugs that accelerate the manifestation of sexual hunting in mares. In this regard, our further studies were aimed at studying the dependence of hormonal indicators on the size, shape and consistency of the gonads and determining the effectiveness of stimulation of sexual hunting with prostaglandin F 2α drugs. Before conducting the experiment, it was taken into account that exogenous prostaglandin F-2 alpha has both luteolytic properties - causes lysis of the corpus luteum, and stimulating properties - affects the release of gonadotropin hormones (FSH, LH) by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which leads to an acceleration of the manifestation of phenomena arousal stage of the sexual cycle. From the data presented in the article, it can be seen that after the use of estrophan sexual desire was found in a larger number of animals than when bioestrophan was administered and in the control. It was observed that the effectiveness of bioestrophan compared to estrophan was lower according to some parameters: 29% of animals showed less desire for sex, its duration was 1.5 days longer (8.2±1.6 vs. 6.7±0.6), and fertilization is 19% lower. The reaction of the animals to the administration of the drugs in terms of the period from administration to the manifestation of potential libido (desire with clear signs) was almost the same (7.0±1.8 and 7.3±1.2 days). The effectiveness of prostaglandin F-2 alpha preparations, applied to mares with anaphrodisiacs to stimulate the onset of the arousal stage of the sexual cycle, depends on the value of IPRYA (the value of the integral indicator of the size of mare's ovaries), which characterizes the activity of the gonads and their refractoriness to exogenous prostaglandins. With a large value of IPRYA - 14–18 cm, compared to the control, the introduction of estrophan and bioestrophan increased the number of mares that showed sexual desire by 47.5 and 27%, accelerated the onset of sexual hunting by 9 and 8 days, contributed to an increase in fertilization by 43 and 30%. Based on the above, the PI of mare's ovaries can be used to clarify the diagnosis - hypofunction and persistence of the corpus luteum of the gonads. Key words: sexual cycle, sexual desire, exogenous prostaglandin F-2 alpha, anaphrodisia, infertility, mares.","PeriodicalId":18841,"journal":{"name":"Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini","volume":"351 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}