Molecular Neurodegeneration最新文献

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The YTHDF proteins modulate Alzheimer’s disease-associated brain gene signatures YTHDF蛋白调节阿尔茨海默病相关的大脑基因特征
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-09-05 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00986-6
Shinya Tasaki,Denis R. Avey,Nicola A. Kearns,Chunjiang Yu,Sashini De Tissera,Himanshu Vyas,Lin Cheng,Jishu Xu,Artemis Iatrou,Daniel J. Flood,Wenlong Li,Lisa L. Barnes,Katherine Rothamel,Aliza P. Wingo,Thomas S. Wingo,Nicholas T. Seyfried,Chuan He,Philip L. De Jager,Gene W. Yeo,Chris Gaiteri,David A. Bennett,Yanling Wang
{"title":"The YTHDF proteins modulate Alzheimer’s disease-associated brain gene signatures","authors":"Shinya Tasaki,Denis R. Avey,Nicola A. Kearns,Chunjiang Yu,Sashini De Tissera,Himanshu Vyas,Lin Cheng,Jishu Xu,Artemis Iatrou,Daniel J. Flood,Wenlong Li,Lisa L. Barnes,Katherine Rothamel,Aliza P. Wingo,Thomas S. Wingo,Nicholas T. Seyfried,Chuan He,Philip L. De Jager,Gene W. Yeo,Chris Gaiteri,David A. Bennett,Yanling Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00986-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00986-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gene signatures of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains reflect the output of a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, epi-transcriptomic, and post-transcriptional regulations. To nominate candidate factors modulating these signatures, we developed a machine learning model to integrate cellular and molecular features explaining differential gene expression in AD. Among the features tested, YTHDF proteins, the canonical readers of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification, are among the most influential predictors of AD gene signatures. Protein modules containing YTHDFs were downregulated in human AD brains, and knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of YTHDFs in iPSC-derived 2D and 3D neuronal models recapitulated key AD-associated gene signatures. Furthermore, eCLIP-seq revealed altered YTHDF binding to transcripts in AD brains, at both m6A-dependent and m6A-independent sites. Together, these results support an important role for YTHDF proteins in modulating AD-associated gene signatures in the human brain.","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148895773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inflammasomes: central mediators of neuroinflammatory neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease 炎性小体:阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病中神经炎性神经变性的中枢介质
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-09-05 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00991-9
Clémence Tropis,Janna Jernigan Posey,Malú Gámez Tansey,Michael T. Heneka
{"title":"Inflammasomes: central mediators of neuroinflammatory neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Clémence Tropis,Janna Jernigan Posey,Malú Gámez Tansey,Michael T. Heneka","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00991-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00991-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As life expectancy increases worldwide, the proportion of people aged 65 and older is expected to double by 2050 and these global demographic shifts will be accompanied by an increase in age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). AD is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, characterized by progressive cognitive decline linked to amyloid beta accumulation, tau pathology, neuronal cell death and chronic neuroinflammation. PD is the most common movement disorder worldwide, characterized by progressive motor decline linked to alpha-synuclein accumulation, formation of Lewy bodies and neurites, dopaminergic neuron death, as well as chronic neuroinflammation. Increasing evidence implicates inflammasomes, intracellular multiprotein complexes that orchestrate innate immune responses, as key drivers of the neuroinflammatory milieu in AD and PD. The NLRP3 inflammasome, mostly expressed by microglia, has been shown to activate caspase-1, resulting in the cleavage and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and promoting pyroptotic cell death within the central nervous system. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of inflammasome activation, their pathological involvement in AD and PD, and the genetic underpinnings supporting their role. It further highlights emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating inflammasome activity, evaluating preclinical outcomes and clinical trial progress. Understanding inflammasome dynamics provides critical insight into AD and PD pathophysiology and presents promising targets for future disease-modifying treatments.","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advancing a systems-level understanding of neurodegeneration: the BrightFocus Alzheimer's disease research portfolio. 推进对神经变性的系统级理解:BrightFocus阿尔茨海默病研究组合。
IF 19.6 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00984-8
Sharyn L Rossi, Diane E Bovenkamp
{"title":"Advancing a systems-level understanding of neurodegeneration: the BrightFocus Alzheimer's disease research portfolio.","authors":"Sharyn L Rossi, Diane E Bovenkamp","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00984-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00984-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease research is entering a period of rapid acceleration. After decades focused on identifying individual disease-associated proteins and pathways, the field is moving toward a deeper understanding of how these mechanisms interact to influence cellular function, biological systems, and ultimately behavior and cognition. The emphasis is moving from isolated molecular targets to coordinated biological systems. Underlying pathological mechanisms point toward the breakdown of core cellular maintenance systems, including proteostasis, metabolism, and immune regulation. This dysfunction propagates from organelles to cells, from cells to neural circuits, and, ultimately, to cognition and behavior. Moving beyond single-target approaches will depend on understanding these upstream drivers, how they interact, and how sex, genetic background, and accumulated stressors shape when and how these systems fail. Underlying pathological mechanisms point toward the breakdown of core cellular maintenance systems, including proteostasis, metabolism, and immune regulation. This dysfunction propagates from organelles to cells, from cells to neural circuits, and ultimately to cognition and behavior. The BrightFocus Alzheimer's Disease Research (ADR) program [1] has long operated within this broad framework. Rather than focusing narrowly on single disease targets, the portfolio takes a 360° approach and prioritizes innovative research that reveals how fundamental cellular processes interact across cell types and biological systems to drive neurodegeneration and resilience. This includes supporting early-career investigators and researchers entering the field from other disciplines to advance current hypotheses and define where the field is going next.</p>","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13495267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148795808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AQP4-dependent enhancement of glymphatic function attenuates tau pathology and neurodegeneration in PS19 mice. aqp4依赖性淋巴功能增强可减轻PS19小鼠的tau病理和神经退行性变。
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-07-18 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00977-7
Kaoru Yamada,Kazuhisa Ishida,Asami Sakamoto,Hitoshi Shimada,Masaki Watanabe,Masato Shimojo,Hironaka Igarashi,Takeshi Iwatsubo
{"title":"AQP4-dependent enhancement of glymphatic function attenuates tau pathology and neurodegeneration in PS19 mice.","authors":"Kaoru Yamada,Kazuhisa Ishida,Asami Sakamoto,Hitoshi Shimada,Masaki Watanabe,Masato Shimojo,Hironaka Igarashi,Takeshi Iwatsubo","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00977-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00977-7","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe glymphatic system facilitates cerebrospinal fluid-interstitial fluid exchange and contributes to the clearance of pathogenic proteins from the brain. Glymphatic dysfunction has been associated with Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies; however, whether impaired glymphatic transport causally drives tau accumulation and neurodegeneration, and whether its enhancement confers therapeutic benefit, remains unclear.METHODSGlymphatic water dynamics in PS19 tau transgenic mice were assessed using JJVCPE, a novel MRI-based approach for evaluating brain water exchange. The effect of pharmacological activation of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) with TGN-073 on glymphatic cerebrospinal fluid influx was examined in wild-type mice using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and cerebrospinal fluid tau levels were analyzed in PS19 mice following chronic TGN-073 treatment. AQP4-deficient PS19 mice were examined to determine target specificity.RESULTSPS19 mice exhibited significant impairment of glymphatic water exchange at early disease stages, which progressively worsened with ageing. Pharmacological activation of AQP4 with TGN-073 robustly enhanced glymphatic-related tracer influx, reduced tau accumulation, neuronal loss, and gliosis, and was accompanied by increased cerebrospinal fluid tau levels. TGN-073 also restored perivascular AQP4 enrichment without significantly altering overall AQP4 abundance. Importantly, these beneficial effects were abolished in AQP4-deficient PS19 mice, demonstrating that both glymphatic enhancement and suppression of tau pathology and neurodegeneration are AQP4-dependent.CONCLUSIONSOur findings support a mechanistic contribution of impaired glymphatic function to tau accumulation and neuronal vulnerability in tauopathy. Pharmacological activation of AQP4 enhances glymphatic function, restores perivascular AQP4 organization, and ameliorates tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and gliosis. These findings identify AQP4-mediated glymphatic modulation as a disease-relevant and therapeutically tractable pathway for tau-related neurodegenerative disorders.","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148476339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diabetic retinopathy: shaped by the "hidden hand" of post-translational modifications. 糖尿病视网膜病变:由翻译后修饰的“隐藏之手”塑造。
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-07-17 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00973-x
Ruihan Xiao,Meixia Zhang
{"title":"Diabetic retinopathy: shaped by the \"hidden hand\" of post-translational modifications.","authors":"Ruihan Xiao,Meixia Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00973-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00973-x","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults, is increasingly recognized as a combination of neurodegenerative and microvascular disease of the retina. Its pathological mechanism is complex, involving the regulation of multiple processes such as abnormal neovascularization, nerve damage, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. As a key molecular mechanism for regulating protein function, post-translational modifications (PTMs) can dynamically modulate the activity and function of core cells (including retinal endothelial cells, Müller cells, and pericytes) and related signaling molecules including various forms (e.g., phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation), thereby deeply participating in the pathological progression of DR. In addition, PTMs play a crucial role in the regulating signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, MAPK, AMPK, NF-κB and JAK/STAT, in the development of DR. Moreover, increasing evidence demonstrates that targeting PTMs with small molecules, either as inhibitors or activators, can reverse protein misfolding and preserve neuroretinal integrity to halt the progression of DR. This review systematically summarizes the variation characteristics of different types of PTMs in DR, analyzes the involvement of PTMs on signaling cascade and cellular processes, reviews the association between ageing and PTMs, and sorts out the research progress of PTMs as potential diagnostic biomarkers and neuroprotective therapeutic targets for DR. It aims to offer a theoretical foundation for in-depth understanding of DR pathogenesis and the development of novel prevention and treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148462615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The complex lipidome as a driver of tissue-specific pathology in adrenoleukodystrophy. 复杂脂质组作为肾上腺脑白质营养不良组织特异性病理的驱动因素。
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-07-17 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00975-9
Stephan Kemp,Marc Engelen,Yorrick R J Jaspers
{"title":"The complex lipidome as a driver of tissue-specific pathology in adrenoleukodystrophy.","authors":"Stephan Kemp,Marc Engelen,Yorrick R J Jaspers","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00975-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00975-9","url":null,"abstract":"X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an inherited peroxisomal disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the ABCD1 gene, encoding a peroxisomal membrane transporter required for the import of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) into peroxisomes for degradation. ABCD1 deficiency leads to VLCFA accumulation in plasma and tissues. The resulting disease has a highly variable clinical presentation. In males, this manifests as cerebral demyelination, progressive myelopathy, and adrenal insufficiency, alone or in combination. Women predominantly develop myelopathy, while cerebral disease and adrenal insufficiency are rare, occurring almost exclusively in cases of extreme X-inactivation skewing toward the mutant allele. The lipid-mediated mechanisms linking VLCFA accumulation to tissue-specific pathology remain incompletely understood. Here, we review evidence that VLCFA-containing complex lipids, rather than free VLCFAs alone, are central mediators of tissue-specific pathology in ALD and discuss the therapeutic implications of this lipid-centric perspective. VLCFAs are incorporated into a broad range of complex lipids, including phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines, cholesterol esters, triacylglycerols, sphingomyelins, ceramides, and plasmalogens. The degree of lipid dysregulation increases with acyl chain length and saturation. VLCFA-containing lipid species correlate with disease severity across all clinical phenotypes. In the brain, VLCFA-containing phosphatidylcholines accumulate before demyelination onset, cholesterol ester accumulation is associated with neuroinflammatory cascades, and plasmalogen depletion reflects early oxidative damage. In the spinal cord, VLCFA-containing myelin lipids are associated with non-inflammatory axonopathy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and microglial phagocytic activation. In the adrenal gland, VLCFA accumulation in cholesterol ester-rich lipid droplets impairs ACTH receptor signaling and sequesters cholesterol from steroidogenic pathways. Enzymatic regulators of VLCFA homeostasis, including ELOVL1, SCD1, and the omega-oxidation enzymes CYP4F2 and CYP4F3B, are potential therapeutic targets for substrate reduction. Plasma VLCFA-lipid profiles correlate with disease severity across all affected tissues, positioning lipidomic profiling as a potential clinical instrument for risk stratification and treatment monitoring. Secondary lipid mediators amplify primary VLCFA toxicity through distinct, cell-type-specific pathways. The near-exclusive occurrence of cerebral ALD and adrenal insufficiency in women with extreme X-inactivation skewing suggests that partial reduction of the VLCFA lipid burden, rather than complete normalization, may be sufficient to prevent severe disease manifestations. This has direct implications for substrate-reduction therapy development.","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":"348 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148462655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Passive amyloid-β immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease: a multicellular clearance system beyond plaque removal. 阿尔茨海默病的被动淀粉样蛋白-β免疫疗法:一种超越斑块清除的多细胞清除系统。
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00972-y
Xiaoni Zhan,Chenchen Liu,Changjiang Yu,Nils Lindblom,Tomas Deierborg,Asgeir Kobro-Flatmoen,Gunnar K Gouras,Gehua Wen
{"title":"Passive amyloid-β immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease: a multicellular clearance system beyond plaque removal.","authors":"Xiaoni Zhan,Chenchen Liu,Changjiang Yu,Nils Lindblom,Tomas Deierborg,Asgeir Kobro-Flatmoen,Gunnar K Gouras,Gehua Wen","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00972-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00972-y","url":null,"abstract":"Passive immunotherapy targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) has emerged as a major therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet its clinical benefits remain modest and are frequently accompanied by vascular adverse events such as amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA). While the removal of extracellular Aβ plaques is associated with therapeutic efficacy, accumulating evidence suggests that additional cellular and vascular mechanisms may also contribute to complementary therapeutic outcomes alongside plaque removal. Recent studies show that Aβ antibodies are broadly distributed within the brain and interact with multiple neural and immune cell populations, rather than being limited to Aβ plaques. These observations support an expanded view of passive Aβ immunotherapy as a multicellular coordinated clearance process. Aβ antibodies engage diverse cellular and anatomical compartments, including neurons, glial cells, perivascular macrophages, peripheral immune cells, and meningeal lymphatic pathways, thereby influencing Aβ dynamics across intracellular and extracellular pools. Within this framework, therapeutic outcomes are influenced not only by plaque clearance but also by interactions between Aβ antibodies and cellular and anatomical compartments that regulate Aβ clearance and treatment-associated vascular response. This perspective may help explain variability in clinical efficacy and the emergence of vascular side effects, while also providing additional considerations for optimizing Aβ antibody design and therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148462191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transplantation of human iPSC-derived microglia ameliorates neuropathology and circuit dysfunction in progranulin-deficient mice. 移植人ipsc来源的小胶质细胞可改善前颗粒蛋白缺乏小鼠的神经病理学和神经回路功能障碍。
IF 19.6 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00978-6
Hayk Davtyan, Sarah Naguib, Yuliya Voskobiynyk, Jean Paul Chadarevian, Joia K Capocchi, Jeannie L Giacchino, Ghazaleh Eskandari-Sedighi, Vivianna DeNittis, Jeremy B Ford, Ani Agababian, Jasmine Nguyen, Alina L Chadarevian, Madison S Sutherland, Sepideh Kiani Shabestari, Kayla Tran, Bret Holt, Alissa L Nana, Jiasheng Zhang, Salvatore Spina, Man Ying Wong, Lea T Grinberg, William W Seeley, Eric Huang, Claire D Clelland, Shiaoching Gong, Li Fan, Jeanne T Paz, Mathew Blurton-Jones, Li Gan
{"title":"Transplantation of human iPSC-derived microglia ameliorates neuropathology and circuit dysfunction in progranulin-deficient mice.","authors":"Hayk Davtyan, Sarah Naguib, Yuliya Voskobiynyk, Jean Paul Chadarevian, Joia K Capocchi, Jeannie L Giacchino, Ghazaleh Eskandari-Sedighi, Vivianna DeNittis, Jeremy B Ford, Ani Agababian, Jasmine Nguyen, Alina L Chadarevian, Madison S Sutherland, Sepideh Kiani Shabestari, Kayla Tran, Bret Holt, Alissa L Nana, Jiasheng Zhang, Salvatore Spina, Man Ying Wong, Lea T Grinberg, William W Seeley, Eric Huang, Claire D Clelland, Shiaoching Gong, Li Fan, Jeanne T Paz, Mathew Blurton-Jones, Li Gan","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00978-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13024-026-00978-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a major cause of early-onset neurodegeneration characterized by progressive behavioral, emotional, and cognitive decline. Progranulin haploinsufficiency, a leading genetic cause of familial FTD, disrupts lysosomal function, lipid metabolism, autophagy, and neuroimmune signaling across multiple cell types. Increasing evidence indicates that microglia are particularly sensitive to progranulin loss, exhibiting elevated complement activation that contributes to TDP-43 proteinopathy and neuronal dysfunction. Here, we investigate the biological role of restoring progranulin exclusively within microglia by transplanting human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglial progenitors into progranulin (Grn)-deficient mice. We find that engraftment of wild-type, but not Grn-deficient, human microglia restore brain-wide progranulin levels, normalize microglial transcriptional states, and ameliorate pathological, functional, and behavioral phenotypes associated with progranulin loss. Because human microglia are the only source of progranulin in this system, these findings demonstrate that microglial progranulin is sufficient to restore key aspects of cellular, circuit, and behavioral homeostasis in a progranulin-deficient FTD model. More broadly, this work highlights a central, microglia-intrinsic role for progranulin in maintaining brain function and provides a framework for dissecting microglia-specific mechanisms across FTD and related neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148471925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Atypical chemokine receptor 3 regulates synaptic removal in disease astrocytes. 非典型趋化因子受体3调节疾病星形胶质细胞突触移除。
IF 19.6 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-07-15 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00976-8
V Giusti, J Park, E Giusto, L Masatti, P Ramos-Gonzalez, L Iovino, M Sandre, A Emmi, G Kaur, E Coletto, Zoë P Van Acker, W Annaert, E Calura, F Petrelli, A Porzionato, R De Caro, F Cavaliere, W S Chung, L Civiero
{"title":"Atypical chemokine receptor 3 regulates synaptic removal in disease astrocytes.","authors":"V Giusti, J Park, E Giusto, L Masatti, P Ramos-Gonzalez, L Iovino, M Sandre, A Emmi, G Kaur, E Coletto, Zoë P Van Acker, W Annaert, E Calura, F Petrelli, A Porzionato, R De Caro, F Cavaliere, W S Chung, L Civiero","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00976-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00976-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Astrocytes participate in the clearance of obsolete or unwanted neuronal synapses. However, the molecular machinery involved in synapse recognition remains unclear, particularly in pathological conditions. Here, we investigated the phagocytic process of astrocytes through individual gene silencing using a druggable gene library. Our study demonstrates that the Atypical chemokine receptor 3 (Ackr3) is a major player of astrocyte-mediated synapse engulfment. Mechanistically, we showed that Ackr3 recognizes phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-bound C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) at synaptic terminals, thus serving as a novel marker of synaptic dysfunction. Notably, both ACKR3 and CXCL12 are upregulated in post-mortem brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and AD mouse models. Genetic downregulation of Ackr3 in AD mice significantly reduces astrocyte-mediated synaptic elimination and rescues pathological phenotypes, including synapse loss and cognitive impairment. Overall, this work unveils a novel, possibly targetable mechanism of astrocyte-mediated synaptic engulfment implicated in neurodegenerative disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Breaking the glial loop: astrocytic PAD2 and citrullinated vimentin drive microglial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. 打破胶质环:星形细胞PAD2和瓜氨酸蛋白驱动阿尔茨海默病的小胶质细胞功能障碍。
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Molecular Neurodegeneration Pub Date : 2026-07-13 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-026-00974-w
Jeff Y L Lam,Guojun Bu
{"title":"Breaking the glial loop: astrocytic PAD2 and citrullinated vimentin drive microglial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Jeff Y L Lam,Guojun Bu","doi":"10.1186/s13024-026-00974-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-026-00974-w","url":null,"abstract":"Zhang et al. reveal that astrocytic PAD2-mediated citrullination of vimentin drives a TLR4-dependent pro-inflammatory loop in microglia, linking glial crosstalk to impaired amyloid clearance and identifying a potential therapeutic and biomarker pathway in Alzheimer's disease.","PeriodicalId":18800,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurodegeneration","volume":"217 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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