{"title":"Robotic Arm End-Effector Reaction Force Estimation for Part Assembling Process Using Sliding Perturbation Observer","authors":"H. Khan, S. Abbasi, Hyun Hee Kim, Min Choel Lee","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289705","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the end-effector reaction force estimation algorithm for dual robotic manipulators used for the parts assembling process. The Assembly process requires a robust tracking controller to operate precisely. And to avoid any possible damage while assembling process, the end-effector force should be considered. Due to the inherent limitations of the system, a force sensor cannot be used. Therefore, a non-linear estimator known as a sliding perturbation observer (SPO) is used. SPO estimates the perturbation (non-linearities, uncertainties, and disturbances) of the system even without correct information of system dynamics. The end-effector force was considered as an external disturbance to the system, which is then estimated based on the relation with perturbation from SPO. For position control of the robot, the sliding mode controller was integrated with SPO to make a robust controller (SMCSPO). The algorithm was implemented and validated on the virtual prototype of the existing dual 7-DOF robotics arms system in MATLAB/Simulink.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"159 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132788349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-Frequency Perturbation Estimation based on Low Gain Sliding Perturbation Observer while Contact with Environment","authors":"Abbasi Saad Jamshed, H. Khan, Min Choel Lee","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289752","url":null,"abstract":"Sensor less force estimation is a challenging issue among researchers working in the domain of robot manipulators. Different researchers have proposed a unique algorithm to estimate/ observe reaction/ contact force during robot operation includes grinding, cutting, painting, and assembly. This contact force generates perturbation at each joint of the robot manipulator. Sliding mode control with sliding perturbation observer (SMCSPO) is a robust control scheme which is an integration of sliding mode control (SMC) and sliding perturbation observer (SPO). SMCSPO not only estimate perturbation but also uses this estimated information to cancel the effect of actual perturbation. Perturbation is a sum of contact force/reaction force from the environment, modeling, and parametric uncertainties. In SMCPO bode plot between the estimated and actual perturbation is low pass filter with the breaking frequency of lambda. Estimation accuracy and system performance improved with the larger value of lambda. Contact / Reaction force is usually constant and has low frequency but SMCSPO estimates all categories of perturbation. To extract perturbation at the robot joint due to reaction force low gain sliding perturbation observer (LGSPO) has proposed in this research. In this suggested scheme the small value of lambda (breaking frequency) has been selected to estimate low-frequency perturbation (due to contact force). This LGSPO works in parallel with SMCSPO. Design logic has been implemented on MATLAB/ Simulink, and experiments have been conducted on seven degrees of freedom (DOF) assembly robot manipulator.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114563809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Song, Chien-Wei Chiu, Li-Ren Kang, Yu-xuan Sun, Ching-Hao Meng
{"title":"Autonomous Docking in a Human-Robot Collaborative Environment of Automated Guided Vehicles","authors":"K. Song, Chien-Wei Chiu, Li-Ren Kang, Yu-xuan Sun, Ching-Hao Meng","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289713","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose an autonomous docking and human-robot collaboration system for an automated guided vehicle (AGV). The AGV can not only navigate and dock autonomously, but also collaborate with the human by recognizing human in the environment. A human motion detection system is developed for the proposed human-robot collaboration design. A deep learning network is adopted to detect and recognize humans in the environment. By knowing of human motion, the AGV adjusts the automatic docking behavior in a collaborative manner. Practical experimental results demonstrate that human workers can co-exist with an AGV in an unstructured environment for autonomous docking tasks.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117071164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Implementation of Intelligent Overtaking System Using Model Predictive Control","authors":"Shih-Ting Huan, Yu‐Chen Lin, Chun‐Liang Lin","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289754","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an intelligent overtaking system is developed, which includes overtaking possibility strategy (OPS), autonomous overtaking control scheme, and then successfully implemented on an autonomous vehicle. The OPS is based on the image recognition technology for detecting surrounding vehicles and lane lines, and further calculate the time to lane crossing (TLC) as the basis of overtaking or keep within your lane. Thus, this research can implement two functions, such as lane following and overtake. An autonomous overtaking control scheme using the successive linearization based model predictive control is developed to derive the appropriate throttle, brake and steering angle actuators for a car. This control approach can provide stable and safety overtaking maneuvers effectively. Finally, the proposed system has been incorporated into an electrical golf car and tested in a real-road environment, where the communication of the whole sensors, actuators as well as vehicle control unit (VCU) are used the controller area network (CAN) bus to realize control and data collection. Some of the experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of using the overtaking strategies by considering various traffic situations.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123804506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementation of ROS-based Feeding Robot System with Intention Detection","authors":"Wen-Chang Cheng, Hung-Chou Hsiao, C. Chung","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289772","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we completed a feeding robot system, which USES a robotic arm combined with image processing to complete automatic feeding, reducing the burden of caregivers and improving the autonomy and dignity of the caregivers. The system detects the user open mouth through the camera, When the user opens mouth continuously for a preset period of time, it means that he wants to eat at this time, the system starts the robot arm to take food and feed, the feeding system continuously controls the robot arm to track the position of the mouth. Make sure that the food is delivered to the user’s mouth so that the user can eat easily. The software is based on the robot operating system as a development environment. It contains four nodes, including a mouth detection node, an arm feeding control node, an arm driving node, and an arm status publishing node. In this study, we mainly develop the mouth detection node and the arm feeding control node, and then integrate the arm drive node and arm status publishing node provided by the manufacturer. Since each node operates independently, so even if the speed of image processing is different from the speed of arm feeding control, it does not affect the operation of the system. The experimental results show that the system can correctly complete the user’s eating movement without the use of two-handed assistance to achieve practical purposes.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132209624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrating Computer Vision and Natural Language Instruction for Collaborative Robot Human-Robot Interaction","authors":"Shih-Hung Wu, Xie-Sheng Hong","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289768","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we report how we design a human-robot co-working scheme. We believe that natural language is the best way that human and machine can exchange messages. However, understand voice command is not enough, what object is referred in what location is also very import. To better understand a natural language instruction, a robot also require computer vision to resolve the real-world object referencing problem. In this paper we show how to integrate the Google voice recognition result with the YOLO computer vision software with the KINOVA robot arm and achieve a collaborative robot interaction.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133106628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen-Chang Cheng, Hung-Chou Hsiao, Yuan-Pin Lin, Yu-Hang Liu
{"title":"Robotic Arm Pick-and-place System for L-Shaped Water Pipe Joint with Arbitrary Angle","authors":"Wen-Chang Cheng, Hung-Chou Hsiao, Yuan-Pin Lin, Yu-Hang Liu","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289721","url":null,"abstract":"The system combines a camera and a mechanical arm to complete the L-shaped water pipe joint picking system with arbitrary angle. The system is mainly divided into two parts: computer side and arm side. The computer is responsible for observing the current position and angle of the workpiece, receiving the image of the workpiece and performing image processing operations (such as binarization, contour detection), and at the same time converting the coordinate and angle of the workpiece into the coordinate and angle of the robot arm and transmitting it End. The arm end receives the coordinates and angle from the computer end and performs the corresponding picking action. The system sets the workpiece center in combination with the rotation point and picking point in the minimum contour rectangle where the workpiece is found to binarization to pick the workpiece. During the experiment, the conditions of the factory environment were also simulated. During the day, noon and night, four, three, two and one fluorescent lamp were turned on, and 100 tests were performed on 12 situations. The average success rate is as high as 99%. Experiments show that the system can be actually used in factories, saving related manpower and material resources.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"07 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114235790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating the SoC of gel Battery using Mathematical Model","authors":"T. Kuo, Ching-Ming Lai, Tang Yi","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289776","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel mathematical model based on RC circuit for investigating the gel battery is presented. The proposed mathematical model consists of a polynomial term and an exponential term which can present the discharging behavior of a battery. The polynomial term represents the stable discharging behavior and the exponential term represents the unstable discharging behavior. The proposed model proved that the aging of a battery increases with cycle numbers and reflects the variation in the parameters of the model in state of charge (SoC) of a battery. In addition, a simpler algorithm that estimates part of the discharging characteristics to predict SoC of a battery also presented in this work. The algorithm has shorter computing time, higher efficiency and greater convenience. Through the experiments that practical operations, maximum absolute percentage error of SoC for the relationship between measurement and fitting data is 1.83%. The results mean that the proposed model has been verified, demonstrating its effectiveness and accuracy.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133894896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An M-Estimation EKF-CMAC-Based Algorithm for Robust Position Estimation and Guidance","authors":"Tan-Jan Ho, C. Hsu, Hua-Yu Luo, Meng-Hxien Wu","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289731","url":null,"abstract":"Tracking a target in a mixed line-of-sight (LOS)/non-LOS (NLOS) environment is a challenging nonlinear uncertain problem. Its difficulty is compounded by the condition that received measurements are probabilistically corrupted by known LOS noises and unknown NLOS biases and noises. Time of arrival (TOA) is the target detection method considered herein. To enhance the accuracy of locating and guiding a target moving along a pre-specified trajectory, we propose an M-estimation based extended Kalman filter with cerebellar model articulation controller (M-EKF+CMAC) algorithm. The M-EKF processes received measurements and utilizes M-estimation for yielding estimated results. The outcomes of the M-EKF are fed into the CMAC for adaptively reducing tracking errors. Simulation results illustrate that our proposed algorithm is efficient and superior to the EKF-CMAC method in the literature.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115714845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Chia Wu, Po-Yen Shih, Li-Perng Chen, Chia-Chin Wang, H. Samani
{"title":"Towards Underwater Sustainability using ROV Equipped with Deep Learning System","authors":"Yi-Chia Wu, Po-Yen Shih, Li-Perng Chen, Chia-Chin Wang, H. Samani","doi":"10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CACS50047.2020.9289788","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater pollution is a long-term environmental problem. Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) could promote the solution of kinds of the problem by detecting environmental problems such as rubbish. The paper suggests a system based on deep-learning algorithms that can detect rubbish underwater using ROV. We built our own dataset of three different types of underwater trash for a training model based on YOLO Neural Network architectures for object detection. In this paper we used YOLOv4. The training images from our dataset apply several filters for noise reduction and image enhancement processing to improve the accuracy of the results. In our experiment, the ROV could capture the image and stream it to the computer for analysis, enhancement, and recognition.","PeriodicalId":187797,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128231532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}