Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Antenatal Depression Among Pregnant Women; A Cross Sectional Study in Tertiary Care Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan","authors":"M. S. Abbasi, S. Irum, Sohail Tanveer, M. Khan, M. Ishaq, I. Uddin, Majid Ali Tahir, Afreen Hussain","doi":"10.52206//jsmc.2021.11.2.68-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206//jsmc.2021.11.2.68-72","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Doppler ultrasound in second and third trimesters is non invasive method to assess fetal wellbeing and monitoring fetoplacental unit. Normal umbilical artery Doppler indices reference values have been established in Western countries but there is paucity of studies conducted in Pakistan regarding normal umbilical artery Doppler indices reference values. Objective: To evaluate the Doppler indices in the umbilical arteries of healthy pregnant women from 18-40 wks gestation. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Radiology department of Hayatabad Medical Complex from July 2018 to Dec 2018.Total 260 normal singleton pregnancies with gestational age ranging from 18--40 weeks were included. Doppler parameters; Resistive Index (RI), Pulsatility Index (PI) and the systolic to diastolic ratio(S/D) were recorded. Results: The normal umbilical artery Doppler indices at different gestational ages in healthy pregnant women were analyzed. Percentile values were calculated for these indices. Median values for the pulsatility index were 1.23 at 18-20 wks which reduced to 0.86 at 39-40 wks, for the resistivity index median values were 0.70 at 18-20 wks and 0.52 at 39-40 wks. Systolic/diastolic ratio was 4.16 at 18-20 wks and 2.21 at 39-40 wks. Conclusion: In normal healthy pregnancies, doppler ultrasound should be used to evaluate the degree of feto-placental blood flow in order to detect the risk of pregnancy complications. Our study results can form a baseline for Doppler indices in second and third trimester which can further help in abnormal values in high risk patients. Keywords: Doppler ultrasound, Doppler indices, Normal pregnancy, Umbilical artery;","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124300123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child Perception Questionnaire for Oral Symptoms of Hypodontia Children","authors":"Qurrat-ul-Ain Fatima, M. Mujtaba, Wali Dad, WaqasLatif","doi":"10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.14-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.14-17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The congenital absence of one or more deciduous or permanent teeth is called hypodontia. It is the most prevalentcongenital dental abnormality. Hypodontia could be caused by a number of genetic and environmental factors.Objectives: The aim of the current study was to find out the impact of hypodontia on oral health and quality of life of children.Material and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was carried out on 40 patients suffering from hypodontia and 40healthy controls in the outpatient department of Nishtar institute of dentistry, Multan. Patients and healthy controls were selected bynon-probability convenient sampling technique without any gender discrimination. Age of the selected patients and controls was11-14 years. Oral health was checked by using dental examination instruments. Urdu Proformas were used for betterunderstanding of children.Results: Mean age of the study subjects was 11.9 (± 0.94) years with range of 11 to 14 years. There was 36 (45%) male and 44(55%) female. In our study, maxillary lateral incisor was the most commonly missing tooth. Out of 40 patients suffering fromhypodontia, about 37 (92.5%) patients presented with poor oral health, 38 (95%) patients were affected by their condition and31(77.5%) patients were dissatisfied from their appearance.Conclusion: Hypodontia had great impact on the quality of life of the children. Patients presented with poor oral health and werehighly dissatisfied from their condition.Keywords: Hypodontia, oral health, quality of life","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123044208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns and Surgical Outcome of Pediatric Intestinal Obstruction in Pakistan","authors":"A. Chaudhry, M. Nisar, Anwar Khan, N. Akhtar, Samer Sikander, Nisar Khan","doi":"10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.39-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.39-44","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intestinal obstruction in children is a very common cause of admission in hospitals with usually a high mortality andmorbidity rate. There is a geographical variability in patterns of intestinal obstruction in pediatric population around the globe.Objectives: To evaluate patterns of presentation and surgical outcome of pediatric intestinal obstruction in Pakistan.Material and Methods: A prospective observational study with non-probability sampling technique was done in the departmentPediatric Surgery (East Surgical Unit), The Children's Hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad,Pakistan, from January to December 2017. Operated cases of intestinal obstruction from 1 day to 12 years were included. Age,patterns of presentation, sign and symptoms, surgical intervention, complications, outcome and correlation between variableswere studied.Results: Total cases were 316 (231 males, 85 females). Congenital Causes of intestinal obstruction in descending order wereAnorectal Malformations(75),Jejuno-Ileal Atresia(28), Hirschsprung Disease(27), Meckel's Diverticulum(17), DuodenalAtresia(16), Malrotation(12), Meconium Ileus(11), Midgut Volvulus(8), Mesenteric cyst(1) and Rectal Atresia(1).Acquired causeswere Intussusception(40), Perforated Appendix(20), Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis(14), Band Obstruction(12), BluntAbdominal Trauma(10), Obstructed Inguinal hernia (9), Worm infestation(9), Enteric Perforation(3), Necrotizing Enterocolitis(3).The overall mortality rate was 3.5% and postoperative complications rate was 40.8%. Statistically significant relationship wasfound between Age and post operative complications (P=0.048), Age and outcome (P=0.002) and between post operativecomplications and outcome (p<0.001).Conclusions: Causes of intestinal obstruction vary according to the age and geographical area. Accurate and timely diagnosis ofthe cause of intestinal obstruction along with prevention and treatment of sepsis can reduce morbidity and mortality.Key words: Intestinal obstruction; Children; Congenital; Acquired Causes; Neonate; Pakistan","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125630447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Hydrocephalus in Patients with Chronic Meningitis due to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis","authors":"Mumtaz Ali, A. Khaliq, F. Azam, A. U. Haq, Nayab Gul","doi":"10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.3-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.3-8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis is one of the causes of chronic meningitis which may lead to hydrocephalus. Uncertainty and doubtdominate all aspects of tuberculous meningitis.Objectives: To determine the frequency of hydrocephalus in tuberculous meningitis patients.Material & Methods: This was observational descriptive study conducted at department of neurosurgery and neurology ladyreading hospital Peshawar from Jan,2016 to Dec,2018. In this study there were total 93 cases of TBM with 95% confidencelevel,2.2% margin of error according to WHO calculator. Diagnosis was based on clinical features, CSF analysis and CT/MRI brain.Tuberculous meningitis patients of age range 15 to 50 years of either gender were included in this study. All those patients havingSOL in brain and other causes of meningitis were excluded from this study.The symptoms were fever, headache, and weight lossand neck rigidity with or without fits. These cases then underwent CSF analysis under aseptic measures. The findings to label TBMon CSF were low glucose ( 100 mg/dl) and high WBC count with predominance oflymphocytes. The data was analyzed with the help of SPSS version 23.Effect modifiers were stratified and and post stratificationChi-Square test was applied with P-value < 0.05 as significant. The cases of TBM were divided according to standard BMRC scaleinto three stages.Results: In this study there were total 93 cases with mean age of 37.11± 08.67 years. There were 54 (58.06%) males and 39(41.94%) females. Maximum cases were seen in stage II of TBM which affected 65 (69.89%) cases. Hydrocephalus was seen in 61(65.59%) of the cases. Hydrocephalus was significantly high in male gender as compared to females where it affected 39 (72.22%)of cases. It was also more common in cases that had age group 15-29 years affecting 40 (67.79%) of cases.Conclusion: Hydrocephalus is a common complication of tuberculous meningitis and it is predominantly seen in in male patients,stage II and III of TBM.Keywords: TBM, Hydrocephalus, Meningitis","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128006724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of Ceftriaxone and diclofenac against Escherichia Coli","authors":"Amir Khan, S. Zaman, Sardar Muhammad, Riaz Nasim, M. Haq, M. Luqman","doi":"10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.50-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.50-55","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The emergence of resistant strains of bacteria has rendered many useful antibiotics ineffective. The researchers areforced to try combination of two or more antibiotics, or addition of a non- antibacterial to them. Ceftriaxone, a third-generationcephalosporin agent is used to treat many infectious diseases, especially those caused by members of Enterobacteriaceae family.We tested the efficacy of ceftriaxone, alone and in combination with various concentrations of diclofenac sodium, againstEscherichia coli.Objective: To study the synergistic effect of ceftriaxone and its combination with non-antibiotic drug diclofenac sodium againstEscherichia coli ATCC 25922 isolate.Material and Methods: Agar well diffusion technique was applied. 30 µl of solutions of ceftriaxone, and its combination withdifferent concentrations of diclofenac sodium and DMSO were transferred aseptically into the wells. Agar plates were placed in incubator at 37°C for 24 hours. Mean zone of inhibition of each drug was calculated.Results: Ceftriaxone 30µg formed a zone of inhibition of 35 mm. Its combination with 25µg and 50µg of diclofenac sodium formedzone of inhibition of 37.5mm while its combination with 100µg diclofenac sodium formed a zone of inhibition of 38.6mm and formed39.8mm zone of inhibition when combined with 200µg diclofenac sodium.Conclusion: Ceftriaxone activity increased when combined with different concentrations of diclofenac sodium drug showing asynergistic effect of their combination.Key words: ceftriaxone, Diclofenac sodium, E. coli, Synergism","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121510425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Enhanced Algorithm for Image Processing Based Catheter Selection During Right Coronary Angiography","authors":"Saeed Alam, S. Rahman, Adnan Khalil, Fakhre Alam, Khurshid Alam, Abdul Hadi","doi":"10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.18-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/JSMC.2021.11.1.18-23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Image processing based catheter selection is a newly developed procedure in which a catheter is selected based onpatient's image data, acquired prior to the intervention. In this technique, the arteries are extracted from the data followed by thecomputation of geometric parameters for all available catheters.Objectives: To propose an improved algorithm for estimating geometric parameters such as coronary artery curve angle andlength of the coronary artery curve.Material& Methods: We propose a new framework to compute the geometric parameters from the patient magnetic resonance /computed tomography images. In order to meet the clinical time constraint, we calculate CACA and CACL in 3D MR cardiacimages of the patients.Results: The method has been tested on seven MR cardiac images provided by Unieklinikum Wrzburg. The results show moreaccuracy and less computation time as compared to the already developed method.Conclusion: The proposed algorithm uses an enhanced method for extracting 3D curve to calculate the angle and there by greatlyreduces the computation time and improves the accuracy.Keywords: Optimal catheter; Right coronary angiography; Catheter selection; Landmarks; Geometricparameter","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128869705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID 19; A SURGICAL PERSPECTIVE","authors":"A. ul Haque","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2020.10.2.93-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2020.10.2.93-95","url":null,"abstract":"The novel corona virus disease started  at Wuhan  in Hubei province of China as pneumonia of unknown origin  and it was found that  the causative organism of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) was Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus –type 2 (SARS-CoV-2).  Healthcare systems all over the world nearly collapsed due to unprecedented spread of the virus and the disease, COVID-19 was notified as a pandemic by WHO on March 11,2020.1,2  Until October 2020 more than 37 million cases and more than one million deaths have been reported worldwide from this highly contagious disease.","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125770517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and Histopathological variants of Leiomyoma in Uterine Specimens in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.11.1.9-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.11.1.9-13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121507788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference Values of Umbilical Artery Doppler Indices in Healthy Uncomplicated Pregnancy from 18-40 Week Gestation","authors":"Naila Tamkeen, Ghazala Wahid, Mehreen Samad, Nadia Khattak, Adnan Khan, Mahnoor Khan","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2021.11.2.63-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2021.11.2.63-67","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Doppler ultrasound in second and third trimesters is non invasive method to assess fetal wellbeing and monitoring fetoplacental unit. Normal umbilical artery Doppler indices reference values have been established in Western countries but there is paucity of studies conducted in Pakistan regarding normal umbilical artery Doppler indices reference values. Objective: To evaluate the Doppler indices in the umbilical arteries of healthy pregnant women from 18-40 wks gestation. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Radiology department of Hayatabad Medical Complex from July 2018 to Dec 2018.Total 260 normal singleton pregnancies with gestational age ranging from 18--40 weeks were included. Doppler parameters; Resistive Index (RI), Pulsatility Index (PI) and the systolic to diastolic ratio(S/D) were recorded. Results: The normal umbilical artery Doppler indices at different gestational ages in healthy pregnant women were analyzed. Percentile values were calculated for these indices. Median values for the pulsatility index were 1.23 at 18-20 wks which reduced to 0.86 at 39-40 wks, for the resistivity index median values were 0.70 at 18-20 wks and 0.52 at 39-40 wks. Systolic/diastolic ratio was 4.16 at 18-20 wks and 2.21 at 39-40 wks. Conclusion: In normal healthy pregnancies, doppler ultrasound should be used to evaluate the degree of feto-placental blood flow in order to detect the risk of pregnancy complications. Our study results can form a baseline for Doppler indices in second and third trimester which can further help in abnormal values in high risk patients. Keywords: Doppler ultrasound, Doppler indices, Normal pregnancy, Umbilical artery;","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126640978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Condom Balloon Tamponade in Management of Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage","authors":"S. Coll, Swat","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.11.1.34-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.11.1.34-38","url":null,"abstract":"This article may be cited as: Begam Z, Zahir N, Sadaf F. Efficacy of condom balloon tamponade in management of primary postpartum hemorrhage. J Saidu Med Coll Swat 2021;11(1):34-38 ABSTRACT Background: Primary postpartum hemorrhage has a significant effect on maternal morbidity and mortality. Proper treatment and in time management of the patient have showed to decrease this morbidity and mortality a lot. Objective: The objective of our study is to find out the efficacy of balloon tamponade in the management of primary postpartum hemorrhage. st st Material and Method: This study was conducted in Saidu group of teaching hospital, swat from 1 august 2018 to 31 July 2019. All the patient with Primary postpartum hemorrhage were included in the study. All patients were first managed by medical therapy and when the medial therapy failed then balloon catheter tamponade were introduced and patients were noticed for stoppage of bleeding within few minutes. Result: Mean age was 27.04±5.42 years. 72 patients failed from medical therapy which was managed by condom tamponade. The response rate of condom tamponade in these 72 patient was 69 (95.83%) while 3 (4.17%) did not respond. There was no significant effect of age, gravida on the response rate of Balloon tamponade. Conclusion: The response rate to Balloon Catheter tamponade is high in patient with Primary postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony. It should be tried before preceding to other Surgical management like Be-lynch, uterine artery ligation or hysterectomy in cases of medical therapy failure.","PeriodicalId":187656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College Swat","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126637884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}