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Effect of addition of rare earth metal on hot tensile properties of low carbon, low alloy martensite 稀土金属添加量对低碳低合金马氏体热拉伸性能的影响
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420302
Y. Ohmori, T. Kunitake
{"title":"Effect of addition of rare earth metal on hot tensile properties of low carbon, low alloy martensite","authors":"Y. Ohmori, T. Kunitake","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420302","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe effects of the addition of rare earth metal (REM) on the stress relief cracking susceptibility of low alloy martensite have been examined by slow strain rate tensile tests. The partial dissolution of MnS by austenitization before quenching at temperatures as high as 1573 K promoted the intergranular decohesive mode of fracture in hot tensile tests, and the stabilization of free S atoms by the addition of REM increases ductility at temperatures between 823 and 890 K and the fracture morphology changes to that of intergranular microvoid coalescence. However, in higher temperature deformation in the range from 890 to 973 K, the addition of REM reduces ductility and increases the fraction of intergranular microvoid coalescence at the expense of the transgranular ductile fracture mode. This can be explained in terms of AlN precipitation in relation to the dispersion of fine MnS particles.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"68 1","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76986449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Phase equilibria between solid aluminium and liquid in Al-Cu and Al-Cu-Fe systems Al-Cu和Al-Cu- fe体系中固态铝和液态铝的相平衡
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420357
D. A. Bennett, D. Kirkwood
{"title":"Phase equilibria between solid aluminium and liquid in Al-Cu and Al-Cu-Fe systems","authors":"D. A. Bennett, D. Kirkwood","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420357","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractTie lines and equilibrium partition coefficients have been measured between liquid and solid in Al rich Al-Cu-Fe alloys by probe microanalysis. Specimens were prepared by equilibration in two and three phase regions, followed by rapid ‘anvil’ quenching. The solidus of the binary Al-Cu system is found to be 50% higher than previously reported leading to a higher value of partition coefficient for copper k 0cu, and this is unaffected by the presence of Fe. The solid solubility of Fe in fcc Al, and the partition coefficient k 0Fe in Al-Cu-Fe, are both higher than previously suspected.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"35 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76361050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Microstructural changes in as-cast M2 grade high speed steel during high temperature treatment 铸态M2级高速钢在高温处理过程中的组织变化
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420339
M. R. Ghomashchi, C. Sellars
{"title":"Microstructural changes in as-cast M2 grade high speed steel during high temperature treatment","authors":"M. R. Ghomashchi, C. Sellars","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420339","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An optical and electron metallographic study has been carried out on chill and sand cast M2 grade high speed steel in the as-cast condition and after reheating to temperatures typical of those for hot working for times up to 200 h. The as-cast material contains M2C, MC, and M6C particles, but the M2C decomposes rapidly on reheating. M23C6 was not detected after any of the treatments. Coarse carbides are found both at the centres of dendrites and as interdendritic eutectic pools, with small carbides distributed throughout the as-cast material. Long term treatment causes spheroidization of the eutectic carbides and general coarsening, with preferential growth and impingement of carbides situated on original austenite grain boundaries. The majority of small carbides are dissolved but a few grow preferentially. The structure remains heterogeneous even after long treatment times.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"8 1","pages":"44-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84099437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 32
Fracture behaviour of high strength unworked Al alloys 高强度未加工铝合金的断裂行为
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420375
C. Chen, F. Ramberg, J. Evensen
{"title":"Fracture behaviour of high strength unworked Al alloys","authors":"C. Chen, F. Ramberg, J. Evensen","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420375","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this investigation attention was focused on the fracture behaviour of some high strength aluminium alloys in the as-cast and heat treated condition. Fracture is initiated in constituent particles located at grain or dendrite boundaries, and propagates in an intergranular manner. Crack initiation occurs independently of temper condition at a critical stress of about 1000 MN m−2. Fracture toughness varies between 17 and 25 MN m−3/2 depending upon aging condition. The measured toughness can be explained in terms of the critical decohesion stress, the yield stress, and the volume (or distance) over which the critical decohesion stress is exceeded.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73360123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Equilibrium S distribution between molten calcium aluminate and steel. II: Reaction of Si and Al in steel with calcium aluminate 铝酸钙与钢的平衡S分布。钢中硅、铝与铝酸钙的反应
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790419962
B. Ozturk, E. T. Turkdogan
{"title":"Equilibrium S distribution between molten calcium aluminate and steel. II: Reaction of Si and Al in steel with calcium aluminate","authors":"B. Ozturk, E. T. Turkdogan","doi":"10.1179/030634584790419962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790419962","url":null,"abstract":"Resultats en relation avec la desulfuration en poche de l'acier avec des laitiers d'aluminate de Ca satures en chaux","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"12 1","pages":"306-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89440324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
X-ray study of relation between impurity induced embrittlement and residual strains in intergranular fracture surfaces 杂质致脆与晶间断口残余应变关系的x射线研究
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420348
T. Ogura, C. Mcmahon
{"title":"X-ray study of relation between impurity induced embrittlement and residual strains in intergranular fracture surfaces","authors":"T. Ogura, C. Mcmahon","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420348","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractMeasurements of X-ray line broadening and line shifts were made on intergranular fracture surfaces of a Ni-Cr steel doped with phosphorus. Excess line broadening and line shifts were found to be associated with a layer 1–2 μm thick along the fracture surfaces, and the amounts decreased as the intergranular phosphorus concentration increased. These phenomena are interpreted as being the result of local plastic deformation during brittle crack propagation. The fact that the phenomena decrease with increasing embrittlement is consistent with recent ideas on the relation between the plastic work of fracture and the intergranular cohesive strength, particularly as it is affected by impurity segregation.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"36 1","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89577569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Composition limits of ferritic solid solutions in silicon steels at 950–1100°C 硅钢中铁素体固溶体在950-1100℃时的成分极限
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420366
H. Wriedt, E. T. Turkdogan
{"title":"Composition limits of ferritic solid solutions in silicon steels at 950–1100°C","authors":"H. Wriedt, E. T. Turkdogan","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420366","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractFor iron alloys containing 1.4–2.9%Si and various Mn and Al contents, the activity of carbon was determined at the ferrite/(ferrite + austenite) phase boundaries by equilibrating the alloys with known mIxtures of hydrogen and methane at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of 940–1080°C. With the aid of available thermodynamic data the measured carbon activities were converted to the corresponding carbon concentrations in order to evaluate the effect of carbon in solution on the position of the γ loop in the temperature–composition phase equilibrium diagram for the iron–silicon alloys.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"11 1","pages":"27-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75602147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Statistical model for carbide induced brittle fracture in steel 钢中碳化物诱发脆性断裂的统计模型
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420384
K. Wallin, T. Saario, K. Törrönen
{"title":"Statistical model for carbide induced brittle fracture in steel","authors":"K. Wallin, T. Saario, K. Törrönen","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420384","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractFactors affecting the cleavage fracture stress and the fracture toughness K 1C in steel have been examined. A statistical method based on carbide induced cleavage fracture is proposed, by which it is possible to estimate the fracture toughness and study the effect of different variables. The predictions made are in excellent agreement with experimental results for a variety of microstructures.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"10 37 1","pages":"13-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79307127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 280
Diffusion bonding: development of theoretical model 扩散键合:理论模型的发展
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790419809
B. Derby, E. Wallach
{"title":"Diffusion bonding: development of theoretical model","authors":"B. Derby, E. Wallach","doi":"10.1179/030634584790419809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790419809","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractIn previous work, a theoretical model for solid state diffusion bonding was described. Possible diffusion bonding mechanisms were identified and mass transport rate equations for each proposed in terms of both process variables (time, temperature, pressure) and material properties. However, the mechanism of mass transfer in the vapour phase was not described since, for many diffusion bonding applications, the contribution from this mechanism will not be significant. For completeness, the vapour phase mass transport rate equations now are derived. In addition, a revised model is presented for the power law creep mechanism, based on considerations of the elastic and plastic deformation of a long triangular ridge. This new approach eliminates the assumptions, implicit in the earlier work, which break down in the later stages of diffusion bonding when the interface is substantially bonded; better agreement with experimental data also is obtained.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"20 1","pages":"427-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81944316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 102
Computer simulation of high temperature creep recovery and work hardening rate measurement techniques 高温蠕变恢复的计算机模拟及加工硬化速率测量技术
Metal science Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634583790420402
R. Ghosh, S. K. Mitra
{"title":"Computer simulation of high temperature creep recovery and work hardening rate measurement techniques","authors":"R. Ghosh, S. K. Mitra","doi":"10.1179/030634583790420402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634583790420402","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractA computer program has been developed to simulate the high temperature creep recovery–work hardening rate measurement techniques. The algorithm of the procedure is based on the commonly used mathematical relations between internal stress σi, creep rate ɛ ˙ , applied stress σ, and recovery–work hardening behaviour of metals. The program has subsequently been used to simulate such experiments on a hypothetical model material with known recovery–work hardening behaviour. The analysis of the results reveals significant discrepancies between the measured and the actual recovery as well as work hardening rates particularly when the steady state internal stress/applied stress ratio is low. This has been attributed partly to the use of applied stress in the expressions for the measured recovery r′–work hardening h′ rates and partly to the fact that the measured recovery time ∆t m and the measured instantaneous...","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"48 1","pages":"590-600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90787120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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