Zakażenia XXI wieku最新文献

{"title":"Infections in pregnancy – is TORCH still dominant?","authors":"A. Boroń‐Kaczmarska, Katedra i Klinika Chorób Zakaźnych Krakowskiej Akademii im Frycza-Modrzewskiego","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019024","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious disease during pregnancy is a complicated issue because many common infections that may cause mild to moderate symptoms in an adult can be transmitted to the fetus. These infections potentially result in moderate to severe complications for the developing fetus which may have long-term sequelae. This review will explore the possible shortand long-term perinatal outcomes of selected common infections in pregnancy. An acronym TORCH has been dissccussed as a too narrow definition of teratogenic infections.","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125185319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of penicillins in antibiotic treatment – effectiveness and safety of use of ‘old antibiotics’","authors":"Aleksandra Łata, W. Barg","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019026","url":null,"abstract":"Penicillins are one of the most often used group of antibiotics. They are bactericidal antibiotics of high effectiveness against infections caused by numerous pathogens. Introduction of semisynthetic penicillins additionally widened the spectrum of their usage and raised their effectiveness. Although, it is a relatively safe group of medicines, there are some hypersensitivity reactions. However, penicillins still remain first-line antibiotics. Therefore self-reported allergic reactions each time should be confirmed by a detailed allergological diagnostics. Restrictions of prescribing penicillins due to an unproven allergy reaction leads to increasing drug resistance, as well as to increased cost of treatment.","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128885288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-drug resistant bacteria – the challenge for hospital epidemiology","authors":"B. Adamek","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019022","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the principal public health problems. It threatens the effective treatment and prevention of nosocomial infections. The lack of consistent strategies, and especially no consistency in their implementation and employment, results in an inadequate control of multi-drug resistant bacteria spreading. The necessity of coordination of every participant of the hospital care process creates a great challenge in the field of hospital epidemiology.","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121032945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungi as causative agents of healthcare-associated infections","authors":"P. Krzyściak, Zakład Mykologii Katedry Mikrobiologii Uniwersytetu Jagie Medicum, M. Skóra","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019018","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of fungal hospital-acquired infections was discussed. On the basis of the available literature data, current epidemiology of fungal nosocomial infections according to the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) classification was presented.","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115680608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of the sterilization process","authors":"W. Olszak","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122742932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic resistance profiles of KPC and NDM carbapenemases-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Dominika Ojdana, Zakład Diagnostyki Mikrobiologicznej i Immunologii Infekc Białymstoku, Paweł Sacha, A. Gutowska, P. Majewski, P. Wieczorek, E. Tryniszewska","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019020","url":null,"abstract":"STRESZCZENIE: Wstęp. Pałeczki Klebsiella pneumoniae to ważny czynnik etiologiczny zakażeń szpitalnych, a jego znaczenie kliniczne w ostatnim czasie się zwiększa wskutek narastającej zdolności produkcji karbapenemaz. Cel pracy. Celem pracy było określenie profili oporności na antybiotyki pałeczek K. pneumoniae wytwarzających karbapenemazy KPC lub NDM. Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono na stu trzydziestu czterech szczepach K. pneumoniae, w tym trzydziestu dziewięciu szczepach wytwarzających karbapenemazy typu KPC, oraz dziewięćdziesięciu pięciu wytwarzających metalo-β-laktamazy typu NDM. Szczepy wyizolowano z materiałów klinicznych pochodzących od pacjentów hospitalizowanych w Uniwersyteckim Szpitalu Klinicznym w Białymstoku. Wrażliwość na antybiotyki badanych szczepów przeprowadzono w systemie automatycznym VITEK-2. Ocena wytwarzania karbapenemaz przez badane szczepy została potwierdzona metodami zalecanymi przez EUCAST. Wyniki. Wykazano, że wrażliwość szczepów KPC-dodatnich na antybiotyki była najwyższa na gentamycynę (87,2%) oraz kolistynę (61,1%). W przypadku szczepów NDM-dodatnich stwierdzono, że kolistyna, trimetoprim z sulfametoksazolem oraz gentamycyna były antybiotykami, wobec których odnotowano najwyższe odsetki szczepów wrażliwych, odpowiednio: 93,2%, 66,3% oraz 44,7%. Analiza wyników badania lekowrażliwości wykazała, że u szczepów KPC-dodatnich najczęściej występującym profilem oporności (15,4%) była oporność na cyprofloksacynę, meropenem i trimetoprim z sulfametoksazolem, średnia wrażliwość dotyczyła amikacyny, imipenemu, tygecykliny, natomiast wrażliwość – gentamycyny i kolistyny. W przypadku badanych szczepów NDM-dodatnich najczęstszy profil oporności (32,9%) dotyczył ich oporności na cyprofloksacynę, gentamycynę, meropenem, imipenem, średnią wrażliwość szczepy te wykazywały na amikacynę, tygecyklinę, a wrażliwość – na kolistynę i trimetoprim z sulfametoksazolem. Wnioski. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że wszystkie szczepy K. pneumoniae KPC-dodatnie oraz NDM-dodatnie cechowała wielolekooporność oraz znaczne zróżnicowanie profili oporności na antybiotyki.","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124174838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in inflammatory bowel diseases","authors":"E. Dudzińska, Katedra Zdrowia Publicznego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019023","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous group of gastrointestinal disorders, including two major subgroups such as Crohn’s disease (chL-C) and ulcerative colitis (UC). These diseases belong to the group of idiopathic, chronic and recurrent inflammatory states of the gastrointestinal tract, the incidence of which has been increasing in recent decades. Numerous studies have shown that intestinal microflora and interactions between microflora and the immune system are involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. There are also supportive therapeutic strategies in IBD based on intestinal microflora modulation, the most popular of m","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"39 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125054370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are gloves an effective barrier to healthcare-associated infections?","authors":"Hanna Doleżych-Teister, G. Martirosian","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019025","url":null,"abstract":": As healthcare-associated infections relate to a significant percentage of patients, and the medical staff themselves are significantly exposed, all measures limiting this risk have medical and economic sense. Surgical gloves – an important element of personal medical protection and at the same time a measure to reduce the risk of patient infection, should be used in the most effective and rational way. Automatization of their production and packaging should lead to elimination of contact with a living employee and thus the elimination of the real – as it turns out – source of microbial contamination of the brand new gloves. Latex material itself should contain much less endotoxins than before. The double glove system, which is easy to insert and use – internal and often changing of the outer glove during surgical procedure, protects the patient and, by reinforcing the mechanical barrier, significantly reduces the risk of staff sticking. When the inner glove differs in color, it is a simple, visual way to signal the damage of the outer glove, giving an impulse for its preventive change.","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracorporeal blood purification in sepsis","authors":"A. Kübler, Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny we Wrocławiu","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/3/Z2019021","url":null,"abstract":"Extracorporeal blood purification is an acclaimed method of treatment in renal insufficiency or intoxications. Based on the clinical outcomes of this therapeutic management, a hypothesis has been formed that sepsis could be treated by removing inflammatory mediators which are released during immunological response to infection. Studies of various extracorporeal blood purification techniques were conducted, including: high-volume haemofiltration, high cut-off haemofiltration, haemoadsorption or combinations of these methods. Although multiple positive results were described, they usually presented insignificant evidential value. Multicenter, prospective randomized clinical trials did not show any significant decrease in mortality due to instituting these therapeutic methods. Currently there is insufficient evidence to recommend extracorporeal blood purification for causal treatment in sepsis.","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131216400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical points of decontamination process – the risk of transmission of blood-borne infections","authors":"Dorota Kudzia-Karwowska","doi":"10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/2/Z2019017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31350/ZAKAZENIA/2019/2/Z2019017","url":null,"abstract":"Decontamination is a process leading to the removal and destruction of pathogenic microorganisms. In order to understand the importance of actions taken in the sterilization room, one should be aware of what professional qualifications should be fulfilled by employees employed in such a unit. In addition, having a Central Sterilization Room in the structures of a hospital with a surgical profile guarantees the „recovery” of patient-safe, sterile medical devices that are safe, without unnecessary delay. The process of resterilization and its effectiveness depend on many variables. Their recognition and analysis allow to determine the critical points of the process and take action to minimize the risks.","PeriodicalId":187488,"journal":{"name":"Zakażenia XXI wieku","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131037784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}