{"title":"Performance analysis of WDM optical packet switches with a hybrid buffering architecture","authors":"Lin Li, S. Scott, J. Deogun","doi":"10.1117/12.533538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533538","url":null,"abstract":"For lack of optical random access memory, optical fiber delay line (FDL) is currently the only technology to implement optical buffering. Feed-forward and feedback are two types of FDL structures in optical buffering, both have advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we present a novel architecture for WDM optical packet switches with an effective hybrid FDL buffering that combines the merits of both feed-forward and feedback schemes. The core of the switch architecture is the arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) and the tunable wavelength converter (TWC). It requires smaller optical device sizes and fewer wavelengths and has less noise than feedback architecture. At the same time feed-forward architecture can only do non-preemptive priority routing while ours supports preemptive priority routing. Our empirical results show that the new switch architecture significantly reduces packet loss probability.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127021242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on integrated routing in IP-over-WDM networks","authors":"Tong Ye, Qingji Zeng, Zhizhong Zhang","doi":"10.1117/12.533815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533815","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of integrated routing in multifiber IP over WDM networks is studied in this paper. To solve this problem, a layered-graph is constructed and an algorithm, called integrated cost-based shortest path (ICSP) algorithm, is then proposed. ICSP can not only balance the traffic uniformly but also make a dynamic tradeoff between all the links in the layered-graph. A parameter rl is introduced to characterize the resource richness of an IP over WDM Network. Simulation results show that ICSP outperforms other algorithms significantly in terms of blocking probability in all the cases we studied, and the performances of other algorithms are affected by rl greatly. Because a multifiber network can be functionally equivalent to a single fiber network with limited wavelength conversion (WC), we make the first known attempt to investigate the impact of WC on dynamic integrated routing by studying the multifiber networks. Results show that the effect of WC depends on the granularities of label switched path (LSP) requests. If the granularity of each request is large, WC will improve the network performance; if the granularity of each request is small, WC will worsen the performance.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123752260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient mapping algorithms for survivable GMPLS networks","authors":"P. Laborczi","doi":"10.1117/12.533324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533324","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of intelligent IP over optical networks, like GMPLS, connections can be protected against failures effectively; however, to capitalize the advantages, novel sophisticated methods are needed. This paper addresses the task of finding efficient mapping in a survivable multilayer network in order to ensure high availability for connections. Known methods (like running a shortest path algorithm) do not consider finding physically disjoint paths in the upper layer and thus cause failure propagation. Besides formulating the problem, we propose a randomized heuristic method to solve it. The quality of the solution is evaluated (1) by the number of node-pairs for which physically-disjoint path-pair can be found in the upper layer, or (2) by the number of spans used by both working and protection paths (i.e., failure propagation effect). It is shown with numerous simulations that our proposed method finds solution for significantly more node pairs (86% instead of 45% in the 35-node network) than traditional methods. Furthermore, it yields connection availabilities near to the optimum.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"5285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130178050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Amplifier placement in transparent DWDM ring networks","authors":"Tao Deng, S. Subramaniam","doi":"10.1117/12.533323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533323","url":null,"abstract":"In high speed DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) networks, meeting the targeted physical-layer performance is largely dependent on the total number and the placement of the optical amplifiers. An efficient design not only cuts down the network cost by minimizing the required number of amplifiers, but also effectively reduces the undesirable fiber nonlinearities and the end-to-end OSNR (Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio) degradation on the propagating channels. By capturing major transmission impairments, such as fiber attenuation, nonlinear effects, amplifier and receiver noises, this paper proposes an algorithm for a given static lightpath scenario to find the most efficient solution of the amplifier placement that satisfies the performance constraints. We then adapt this algorithm to the dynamic traffic case. Numerical results show that our algorithm outperforms uniform placement schemes in controlling the nonlinear effects and providing targeted BER performance using the minimum number of amplifiers.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132705394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Policy-based shared path protection for dual link failures","authors":"Dahai Xu, Yizhi Xiong, C. Qiao","doi":"10.1117/12.533302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533302","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study novel shared path protection schemes that use different policies to deal with different dual-link failure scenarios in order to minimize total bandwidth consumption (or spare capacity allocation). Our work addresses two open problems. The first is minimum total bandwidth allocation under deterministic routing (i.e., when three link-disjoint paths, one active path and two backup paths are pre-selected for each connection). For the dual-link failure case, this problem is much more complex than a similar problem for the single-link failure case because one needs to decide which one of the two backup paths for a connection is preferred to reroute the traffic along its active path affected by a single-link (or a simultaneously dual-link) failure. We propose a new concept of policy, which specifies the preferred backup path to use, and study different policies (including no policy) which will result in different performances in terms of amount of bandwidth needed and different implementation complexity. The second open problem we address in this paper is to minimize additional bandwidth to be allocated for each connection under several different policies and adaptive routing in on-line setting. In this case, the solution entails how to find optimal paths for each connection. From our simulation results, we find that shared path protection with a policy can considerably reduce bandwidth consumption compared with shared path protection without a policy.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131983066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preplanned recovery with redundant multicast trees in optical networks","authors":"Lan Kong, J. Deogun, Maher Ali","doi":"10.1117/12.533829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533829","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate the problem of Preplanned Recovery with Redundant Multicast Trees (PRRMT) in optical networks. The redundant trees ensure the source node remains connected to all destination nodes for a multicast session request under single edge failures. Our objective is to minimize the total number of links used for both trees. We formulate PRRMT as an integer linear program (ILP), and also develop a heuristic algorithm. The ILP approach and heuristic algorithm are experimentally evaluated on 14-node NSFNET and 21-node Italian network. Experimental results show that: (1) ILP approach leads to optimal solutions but requires prohibitively long time, (2) Our heuristic algorithm yields optimal or near-optimal results in very short time, and (3) The edge-disjoint trees can protect the transmission for an edge failure.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116736820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yurong Huang, Wushao Wen, J. Heritage, B. Mukherjee
{"title":"Signal-quality consideration for dynamic connection provisioning in all-optical wavelength-routed networks","authors":"Yurong Huang, Wushao Wen, J. Heritage, B. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1117/12.533316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533316","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate new connection-provisioning algorithms to efficiently provide signal-quality-guaranteed connections in an all-optical WDM mesh network. In the all-optical network, signal degradations incurred by non-ideal transmission medium accumulate along a lightpath. When the signal degradation reaches a certain level, the connection is not usable and is blocked due to transmission impairments in the physical layer. To ensure high service quality of provisioned connections, it is essential to develop intelligent routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithms which can combat the effects of impairments when setting up a connection. For this purpose, we propose two impairment-aware RWA algorithms, namely impairment-aware best-path (IABP) algorithm and impairment-aware first-fit (IAFF) algorithm. The optical signal-to-noise raito (OSNR) requirement and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) effect are used as signal-quality constraints to avoid setting up a connection with unacceptable quality due to the effects of transmission impairments. With the signal-quality consideration, as compared to algorithms that are not impairment aware in a realistic optical network, our proposed impairment-aware algorithms efficiently provide signal-quality-guaranteed connection while significantly reducing connection-blocking probability, better utilizing network resources, and having a reasonable computational requirement. Also, the effect of channel bit rate is studied in this paper.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"2008 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131308312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On optimal traffic grooming in elemental network topologies","authors":"R. Dutta, Shu Huang, G. Rouskas","doi":"10.1117/12.533162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533162","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the problem of traffic grooming in WDM path, star, and tree networks. Traffic grooming is a variant of the well-known logical topology design problem, and is concerned with the development of techniques for combining low speed traffic components onto high speed channels in order to minimize network cost. Our contribution is two-fold. In the first part of the paper we settle the complexity of traffic grooming in path and star networks by proving that a number of variants of the problem are computationally hard. Since routing and wavelength assignment in these two topologies is trivial, these results demonstrate that traffic grooming is itself an inherently difficult problem. Our results have implications for ring and other more general topologies, which we explore. In the second part, we design practical grooming algorithms with provable properties. Specifically, for all three topologies, we obtain a series of lower and upper bounds which are increasingly tighter but have considerably higher computational requirements; the series of upper bounds form an algorithm for the traffic grooming problem with strong performance guarantees. We also present corresponding heuristics with good performance. Our work is a first step towards a formal and systematic approach to the grooming problem in general topologies that builds upon results and algorithms for more elementary networks.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115380042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Delay-line buffer modeling for asynchronous optical networks","authors":"R. C. Almeida, J. U. Pelegrini, H. Waldman","doi":"10.1117/12.533547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533547","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we develop an analytical model for the FIFO delay-line buffer in asynchronous optical networks with any packet length distribution, under the assumption that arrivals are Poissonian. We consider that the incoming traffic is distributed among an infinite number of inputs (Aloha traffic) and show that this consideration represents very suitably a real system. The model enables the exact calculation of packet loss probability and average delay, which makes it a very powerful tool for performance evaluation and planning/dimensioning of networks that use this kind of contention resolution technique. The buffer performance as predicted by the model is compared with simulations and discussed for some packet length distributions.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117094752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An analysis of path recovery schemes in GMPLS optical networks with various levels of pre-provisioning","authors":"D. Griffith, R. Rouil, Stephan Klink, K. Sriram","doi":"10.1117/12.533334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533334","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of resource provisioning prior to failure events to support optical path recovery has a significant impact on network performance, and so designing recovery mechanisms for any large network necessitates balancing multiple (in some cases, competing) requirements. The Common Control and Measurement Plane (CCAMP) working group's Protection and Restoration Design Team conducted a qualitative analysis of path protection schemes using different degrees of backup resource pre-provisioning. The resulting analysis grid highlights some of the trade-offs between the different approaches. In this paper, we describe the results of a simulation study that we conducted using the NIST GMPLS/Lightwave Agile Switching Simulator (GLASS) simulation tool. By measuring network performance with respect to the metrics used by the design team, we were able to produce quantitative results that confirm the design team's qualitative analysis and provide additional information for carriers and service providers who are designing optical networks.","PeriodicalId":187370,"journal":{"name":"OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117024351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}