Sports Injuries & Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Incidence of Injuries in Development Short Track Speed Skaters Part 1: On Ice","authors":"T. L. Hillis","doi":"10.29011/2576-9596/100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2576-9596/100040","url":null,"abstract":"Short track speed skating is a sport that has enjoyed recent notoriety as one of the more exciting events currently taking place at the Olympics. Children entering the sport continue to engage in this physically demanding, organized sports despite the lack of physical readiness both on and off the ice during training and competition, predisposing themselves to injury. This study identifies injuries associated with development speed skaters during competition in Alberta. The analysis considers Characteristics of Competition: Date (time during season), location of competition, Competition Level, Rink Size, and Protocol (sprints/distance first). Data also included characteristics of fall: Distance of Race, Situation of Injury, Type of Injury, Location of Fall on the Track, and Location of Impact with Pads of racing on a 100m track. Using a principal component analysis, 3 Factors were identified that make up 57.87% of the variance. Factor 1 was related to Date of Competition (-0.762) and made up 21.79% variance; Factor 2 was related to Rink Size (0.804) and Protocol of Racing (0.763) and made up 21.55% of the variance, Factor 3 was related to Zone of Impact (0.851) and made of 14.58% of the variance of the data. A model to predict Injury Type was created using the results of the PC analysis (F = 3.77; p = 0.006). The Tukey HSD Post Hoc test indicated that hitting mats safely no injury (p = 0.02), hitting mats improperly no injury (p <0.001), serious bone (p = 0.001) and concussions (p = 0.001) could be predicted by parameters identified in the model.","PeriodicalId":186403,"journal":{"name":"Sports Injuries & Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126472696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower-Limb Coordination Responses to Knee Bracing in Females with Anterior Knee Pain","authors":"H. Wyatt, Carl Jewell, G. Weir, K. Boyer, J. Hamill","doi":"10.29011/2576-9596.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2576-9596.100039","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anterior Knee Pain (AKP) during running has been partially attributed to lower-limb kinematics. Mechanical deviances from asymptomatic cohorts at the hip, knee, shank and foot have been reported for joints and segments in isolation. Appraisal of lower-limb coordination and its variability may provide important insight into the role of proximal and distal lowerlimb joint and segment couplings during running with AKP. The extent to which current knee bracing strategies (standard-fit and custom-fit) for pain moderation influence lower-limb couplings may assist in the development of empirically informed recommendations for AKP management. The aim of this study was to investigate lower-extremity kinematic couplings of AKP participants during running without bracing and when wearing standardand custom-fit knee braces. Methods: Eighteen females (nine AKP, nine asymptomatic) performed ten running trials at a fixed speed (3.2 m·s-1) in a customfit knee brace, a standard-fit knee brace and no brace. Three-dimensional unilateral lower-limb kinematics data were obtained from which, joint and segment angles were calculated. Hip-knee, knee-ankle, thigh-shank and shank-foot coordination and coordination variability were determined using a modified vector coding technique. Results: AKP participants spent less time in knee internal rotation-dominant couplings (P < 0.05) and a greater proportion of stance in ankle eversion-dominant couplings (P = 0.01; ES = 0.62). Frontal plane hip-knee couplings were found to differ for AKP participants when wearing standardand custom-fit braces (P = 0.04; ES = 0.39). Overall, bracing conditions had the greatest influence on the asymptomatic cohort. No coordination variability differences were found between groups or conditions. Discussion: Participants with AKP ran with different lower-limb coordination strategies than their asymptomatic counterparts. Localized joint bracing (standardand custom-fit) did not oppose the coupling mechanics found in the AKP cohort when running in the unconstrained condition. It is therefore suggested that pain management strategies which consider the whole limb may be more effective than knee braces alone.","PeriodicalId":186403,"journal":{"name":"Sports Injuries & Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124360368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposed Autograft Superiority to Allograft Use in Return to Sport Rates Following Revision ACL Reconstruction: A Literature Review","authors":"Joshua E. Insler, O. Sherman","doi":"10.29011/2576-9596/100038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2576-9596/100038","url":null,"abstract":"The number of primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgeries performed in the United States has drastically increased in recent years to approximately 200,000 cases annually and is a common procedure for athletes of any age and level of skill/play [1]. Despite improvements in patients’ surgical outcomes, primary ACL reconstruction only has a success rate of 75% 97% [2, 3, 4]. As such, revision ACL reconstruction has paralleled this increase in the number of primary reconstructions; there may be anywhere between 3,000 and 10,000 revision ACL reconstructions performed per year [2,3]. Revision surgery is indicated for patients who have experienced postoperative complications such as infection, graft rejection, recurrent instability due to graft failure, surgical technique failures during primary reconstruction, or any combination of the above [2,5]. Revision may also be indicated in athletes who, after a failed primary reconstruction, wish to return to sports which require frequent cutting and pivoting [2,5].","PeriodicalId":186403,"journal":{"name":"Sports Injuries & Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129182546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Meniscus and Meniscal Scaffolds for Partial Meniscal Replacements","authors":"E. Luis, Juha Song, Wai Yee Yong","doi":"10.29011/2576-9596.100037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2576-9596.100037","url":null,"abstract":"The meniscus is the most common damaged structure of the knee, accounting for almost one million cases of knee surgeries performed annually in the United States alone. A complete meniscectomy (complete meniscus removal) was the most common procedure performed in 1889 and was the standard procedure in the next 80 years. However, follow-up radiographic studies from the late 1960s to 1980s reported a high frequency of post-meniscectomy osteoarthritis of the knee. The meniscus functions to transmit load, absorb shock, stabilize the knee joint and nourish the joint. A complete integrity of the meniscus is crucial in maintaining the normal biomechanics of the knee and preventing the onset of premature or traumatic osteoarthritis. 3D Printing of silicone allows arthroscopic replacement of damaged menisci, either totally or partially, enabling the patient to return to work and sports almost instantaneously after surgery. This review summarizes the meniscal structure, biomechanical properties, meniscal lesions, the characteristics and clinical outcomes of various biodegradable synthetic and biological meniscal scaffolds. DOI: 10.29011/2576-9596.100037 Meniscal Structure and Biomechanical Properties Meniscal Anatomy The menisci are a pair of fibrocartilaginous cushions which sits on the tibial plateau in the knee joint. They act as knee cushions which transmit body weight evenly across the knee joints, thus minimizing contact stresses between femur and tibia and damages to the articular surfaces. Meniscal injuries predisposed the knees to developing premature osteoarthritis (Figure 1). Figure 1: Anatomy of the meniscus. The meniscus is divided into 3 zones, the outermost vascular red-red zone, middle red-white zone and the innermost avascular white-white zone. Cells are spindled-shaped in the outermost redred zone while chondrocyte-like in the innermost white-white region. The meniscus obtains its limited blood supply from the perimeniscal capillary plexus within the synovial and capsular tissues of knee. These plexus, extending for one to three millimeters over the articular surfaces of menisci, are branches of the inferior and superior branches of the lateral and medial geniculate arteries. The vascular supply to meniscus is age dependent. In adult, tears which occur at the most vascularized, peripheral 3 mm of the menisci are most amenable to repair and cellular regeneration, as opposed to the generally avascular tears, greater than 5 mm from the menisci-synovial junction, which are not reparable. For both the medial and lateral menisci, the vascular penetration is about 10-30% (Figure 2). Citation: Luis E, Song J, Yong WY (2018) The Meniscus and Meniscal Scaffolds for Partial Meniscal Replacements. Sports Injr Med: JSIMD-137. DOI: 10.29011/25769596.100037 2 Volume 2018; Issue 03 Sports Injr Med, an open access journal ISSN: 2576-9596 Figure 2: Regional variations in vascularisation and cell population of the meniscus. Meniscal Composition and Cell Char","PeriodicalId":186403,"journal":{"name":"Sports Injuries & Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129975453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Survey of the Relationship Between Moderate-Intensity Sport Activities and the Level of Sleep Subjective Quality in Non-Athlete Male Students Using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index","authors":"Hossein Karimi Pashaki, M. Kalashi, V. Bakhshalipour","doi":"10.29011/2576-9596.100036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2576-9596.100036","url":null,"abstract":"The sleep quality and quantity are directly and indirectly related to human health and sleep disorders can lead to a lot of harm to students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to survey the relationship between moderate-intensity sport activities and the level of sleep subjective quality in non-athlete male students using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). This study was a semi empirical study and 20 non-athlete male students were randomly selected using PSQI. The PSQI questionnaire was used to measure subjects’ sleep subjective quality and a standard training protocol. The collected data was analyzed by ShapiroWilk test, dependent t-test, and Wilcoxon test. The SPSS software (version 23) was used for data analysis. The results showed that the score of students’ subjective sleep quality was 9.2 in the experimental group and was 7.3 in the control group and it was 7.4 in the post-test. It shows that students’ sleep quality improved significantly with the implementation of protocol (P<0.05). It is suggested that sports activities can be effective on the improvement of students’ sleep quality and it is an applied mechanism to improve health indicators. DOI: 10.29011/2576-9596.100036","PeriodicalId":186403,"journal":{"name":"Sports Injuries & Medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127659767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Observations from a First Season of the Rugby Union “Activate Programme” for Injury Risk Reduction in a U19 Men’s Team in North Carolina, USA","authors":"C. Hughes","doi":"10.29011/2576-9596.100035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2576-9596.100035","url":null,"abstract":"We implemented an adapted version of the “Activate Programme” for our U19 men’s rugby team for the 2018 season. Since we had systematically documented all injuries that led to missed time from training or match play for all players in the 2017 (before) and 2018 (after) seasons, I compared the descriptive data regarding our team’s experience with injuries. These observational data suggest that the Activate Programme may have contributed to our lower number of injuries in the latter of the two seasons. DOI: 10.29011/2576-9596. 100035 Commentary Text In youth sports, especially contact sports, adult leaders including parents, coaches and officials bear the responsibility for implementing processes that can minimize the risk of injuries while preserving the benefits of participation. In the sport of rugby, there is an appropriate high level of concern about the risk of concussions and other injuries [1] and the sport has taken strong stances at all levels to inform players, parents, coaches, referees and all other authorities in the sport about recognition, removal from play and strict guidelines about return to play after any concussive injury. From a coach’s perspective, reduction of risk of injury of all types including concussions depends upon thorough coaching of proper techniques especially those related to tackling, rucking and scrummaging. Additionally, player fitness, adherence to the laws of the game and the ethos of respect for the opponent are also factors that plausibly reduce the risks of injuries during practices and matches. As the injury registrar and a Back’s Coach (USA Rugby Level 200) for our U19 Chapel Hill Highlanders men’s team, I have used the commercially available injury tracking system “Injure Free” [http://www.injurefree.com/] for the last two seasons (2017 & 2018) to document all observed and reported injuries by players during our preseason training intervals (NOV 2016-JAN 2017 and NOV 2017-JAN 2018) and competitive seasons (FEBMAY 2017 and FEB-MAY 2018). This injury-tracking system also allows documentation of compliance with return-to-play protocols consistent with good medical practices and the requirements of USA Rugby. Between the 2017 competitive season and the beginning of the preseason training in NOV 2017 (for the 2018 competitive season), I became aware of the new “Activate Programme” http://www. englandrugby.com/rugbysafe/activate/] developed by investigators at the University of Bath with support of the Rugby Football Union (RFU) in England [2,3]. After careful consideration of the potential benefits, we instituted an adapted version of the Activate Programme from the RFU/SRU in early NOV 2017 in the preseason for the 2018 season and progressed it across our 2018 season. Our team competes as a U19 “High school” team in the USA, so we have players spanning four grade-levels with ages 15-18 years. To address this age range, with a season duration that does not match that in the UK, and with the Activate Phases ","PeriodicalId":186403,"journal":{"name":"Sports Injuries & Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127287073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Quantification, Autoregulation and Reliability of the Stomp as an Osteogenic Exercise","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2576-9596.100068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2576-9596.100068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186403,"journal":{"name":"Sports Injuries & Medicine","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115373636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}