Modern technologies in ophtalmology最新文献

{"title":"Features of the formation and course of late acquired myopia","authors":"N. A. Nefedov, A. S. Aleksandrov, K.S. Korneva, Z. Kushim, V.V. Sukhanov","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-306-311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-306-311","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In the modern world, the load on vision has significantly increased, the widespread introduction of computer technology has led to additional visual load, both during working hours and at home. Prolonged and strenuous visual work can lead to the emergence of professional ophthalmopathy, one of the leading manifestations of which is myopia, which develops in persons with visually strenuous work. Goal. To investigate the features of the formation and course of myopia in adults. Material and methods. A retrospective study was conducted based on ophthalmological examination data during the medical examination of the attached contingent in the period 2020-2023 (n=1506). Among them there were 1202 men (79.8%) and 304 women (20.2%). During the examination 416 people (27.6%) were found to be healthy. Refraction and accommodation disorders were detected in 1076 people (71.6%), other visual diseases – in 14 people (0.8%). Among the violations of refraction and accommodation, the leading (50.3%) were: myopia (29.9%), myopic astigmatism (17.6%) and mixed astigmatism (2.8%). The age at which myopia occurred, the degree of clinical refraction, the rate of progression, and the magnitude of anisometropia were evaluated. Results. In 153 people (20.2%), myopia manifested at the age of 34.3+7.2 years (18;52). At the time of examination, the duration of myopia was 7.3+5.9 years (0; 30). In the period 2020-2021, the proportion of late myopia left 14.0%, and in 2022-2023 – 28.8% (p<0.001). Stationary course of late myopia was noted in 5.9% of cases, progression – in 90.2% (slow (0.5 dptr per year or less) – 77.8%; fast (more than 0.5 dptr per year – 7.2%). The proportion of mild myopia was 92.9%, medium – 6.5%, high – 0.7%. Isometropia was observed in 44.4% of cases, anisometropia up to 0.5 dpt – in 34.7% of cases, anisometropia with a degree of 0.75 dpt and more – in 20.9% of cases Conclusion. During the medical examination, 71.6% of the examined contingent revealed violations of refraction and accommodation, including 50.3% of individuals diagnosed with myopic refraction. Nearsightedness manifested at the age of 18 and older was observed in 20.2% of people with myopia. The data obtained confirm the need for therapeutic and preventive measures to prevent the formation and progression of myopia in adults. Keywords: myopia, adults, professional ophthalmopathy, refraction, accommodation","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87395877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of intrastromal corneal ring segments in the treatment of keratoconus with irregular asymmetric paracentral astigmatism","authors":"S. Volik, S.V. Kren, A. N. Khalilov","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-199-204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-199-204","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of implantation of intrastromal corneal ring segments ICRS (IRS NEP MNTC) in patients with keratoconus with irregular asymmetric paracentral astigmatism. Material and methods. 14 patients (16 eyes) with keratoconus stage II–III with irregular asymmetric paracentral astigmatism were evaluated before and after ICRS (IRS NEP MNTC). The tunnels for ICRS implantation were created with a femtosecond laser. ICRSThe effectiveness was assessed on the basis of an increase in uncorrected and corrected visual acuity in the postoperative period, as well as the absence of keratectasia progression in the period from 10 to 18 months after ICRS implantation. Results. All ICRS were implanted in 16 eyes without intra and postoperative complications. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) increased from 0.16 ± 0.12 preoperatively to 0.54 ± 0.24 at the 6th month of postoperative follow-up. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) increased from 0.38 ± 0.2 to 0.72 ± 0.34 at the 6th month of postoperative follow-up. The refractive index decreased from preoperative mean –3.56 ± 2.4 D to –2.02 ± 1.4D at the 6th month of postoperative follow-up. The average maximum value of the K index decreased from the preoperative 54.60 ± 3.25 D (in the range from 46.25 to 64.50 D) to the 6-month postoperative value of 45.54 ± 2.72D. Conclusions. The implantation of OCRS in eyes with keratoconus stage II-III with irregular asymmetric paracentral astigmatism is an effective and safe method of increasing visual acuity and reducing refractive errors. Keywords: keratoconus, intrastromal corneal ring segments","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91476748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the volume and structure of emergency surgical care in severe mechanical trauma of the eyeball","authors":"A.A. Buldygin, A. V. Tereshchenko, I. G. Trifanenkova, N. Yudina, N. Shilov","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-280-285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-280-285","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To analyze the volume and structure of emergency surgical care for patients admitted to the admission department of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution with severe mechanical trauma to the eyeball. Material and methods. In total, for the period from 2020 to 2022, 92 patients with an eye injury were admitted to the admission department of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. Results. Gender and age analysis showed that the average age of the group of patients from 18 to 78 years was 37.4 years. The patients were men in the vast majority of cases (86%). The domestic eye injury occupies the leading position – 81%. The source of injuries in a greater percentage of cases (30%) are electrical construction tools, in second place (19%) is mechanical impact with a blunt object, in third place (16%) are manual construction tools. Among the types of injuries, the most common injury is the cornea (37%), as well as a large percentage of patients with contusion and ruptures due to contusion (29.3%). The total number of patients who applied to the emergency department with uveitis and endophthalmitis was 18 or 19.57% of the total. Among them, there were 6 patients after primary surgical treatment of the eye at the place of residence – (33.3%). Primary surgical treatment of the eye was carried out in the period from 1 to 4 days. The period of application to the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution ranged from 5 to 93 days. In patients with self-referral (12 patients or 66.7%), the referral period was from 3 to 7 days. Conclusion. Eye injury is a socially significant problem, as it affects people of working age. The performed analysis allows to speak about a wide variety of injury mechanisms and traumatic agents. In almost 20% of cases, severe mechanical trauma of the eye was complicated by uveitis or endophthalmitis. This, in most cases, was due to the late treatment of patients for specialized medical care. Keywords: mechanical injury of the eye, mechanism of eye injury, structure of emergency surgical care","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80620964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithm for the diagnosis of keratoectasias developed after refractive surgery","authors":"H. M. Kamilov, M. S. Kasymova, G. Khamraeva, D.F. Ismailova","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-293-297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-293-297","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. On the basis of modern methods of clinical examination to develop an optimal diagnostic algorithm for early detection of keratoectasia. Material and methods. We observed 73 patients (110 eyes) with keratoectasia developed after refractive surgery. The age of the patients ranged from 22 to 64 years, of which 36 were women and 37 were men. All patients underwent general ophthalmological and special research methods. Results. Keratotopography of patients with keratectasia revealed thinning in the central part of the cornea, an increase in the posterior surface of the cornea was found in the posterior elevation map, and the curvature of the cornea averaged 42.8 dpt. In keratoectasia, the average loss of endothelial cells was 65 % of the norm, while the average density of endothelial cells was 1189 ± 91.9 cells/mm², with a norm of 2863.7 ± 54.29 cells/ mm². This is 58.5 % lower than normal. Conclusions. Early application of endothelial microscopy, keratotopography, optical coherence tomography allows to assess the condition of the cornea and take the necessary measures in the early stages of keratectasia developed after refractive surgery. Keywords: cornea, iatrogenic keratoectasia, keratoconus, endothelial microscopy, keratotopography, optical coherence tomography","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75092152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of antiglaucoma drugs and its components on cultured human corneal endothelial cells","authors":"N. Fisenko, A. Subbot, G. A. Osipyan","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-85-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-85-91","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of antiglaucoma drugs and preservative – benzalkonium chloride (BAK) in human corneal endothelial cells (CECs) in vitro. Material and methods. High-CEC-density colonies were used as a monolayer (intact endothelium in vivo) and single CECs were regarded as low-HCEC-density layer in bullous keratopathy. Dorzolamide, brimonidine, timolol (preserved and BAK-free) were diluted with medium up to 1/10000, 1/1000, 1/100. BAK was diluted according to its concentration in these solutions. Following exposure to test solutions for 24 hours, morphological features of both CEC-models were identified with phase-contrast microscope, CECs survival was measured using MTS assay. Results. Dorzolamide and Timolol, preservative-free, 1/1000 and 1/100 dilutions, induced structural changes of single CECs. Timolol, preservative-free, 1/1000 and 1/100 dilutions, caused changes of CEC-monolayer. Dorzolamide, brimonidine and timolol (preservative-free, 1/100 dilutions) have not caused the decline of CEC viability in both models. Dorzolamide, preserved, 1/100 dilution, was toxic to CEC-monolayer. Brimonidine and timolol (preserved, 1/100 dilutions) induced CECs'death in monolayer. Low single CECs viability (29%) was detected after exposure to Dorzolamide, preserved, 1/100 dilution. High cytotoxicity of brimonidine and timolol (both preserved, 1/100 dilutions) to CEC-monolayer was confirmed by MTS-test – 25% and 3%, respectively and to single CECs – 23,4% and 4,2%, respectively. BAK showed similar level of CECs'toxicity as preserved drugs. So, the cytotoxicity of these drugs was induced by BAK as a component. Conclusions. High concentrations of preserved antiglaucoma ophthalmic solutions may disturb CECs. Administration of such drugs is not reasonable in eyes with low corneal endothelial cell density. Keywords: dorzolamide, brimonidine, timolol, benzalkonium chloride, corneal endothelium, cytotoxicity","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75407987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The results of amnioplasty using two-component autofibrin glue in surgical treatment of pterygium","authors":"Y. Kozlova, S. V. Churashov, A. Kulikov, A. Malafeeva","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-109-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-109-114","url":null,"abstract":"The only effective way of pterygium treatment is its removal with defect plasty by different tissues, including amniotic membrane. The choice of fixation method that will ensure maximum efficiency and minimize recurence risk remains actual. Using sutures increases operation time and leads to discomfort of patient in postoperative period. A comparative analysis of effectiveness of surgical treatment using designed by us two-component autofibrin glue and sutures for fixing the amniotic membrane was done. The study included 32 patients, they were divided into 2 groups depending on the method of fixing the amniotic membrane: the 1st group was the main group (22 patients), where the amniotic membrane was fixed with a two-component autofibrin glue, the 2nd group (10 patients) was the control group, where the sutures were used. Before and after surgery all patients underwent biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment, the groups were compared by the time spent on the operation, duration of epithelization and rehabilitation, as well as presence of discomfort in postoperative period. The presence of pterygium recurrence in the study groups was assessed during 12-month observation. During our study we found statistically significant differences between groups, which show the advantages of fixing amniotic membrane with two-component autofibrin glue. During 12-month observation one case of recurrence was fixed after using fixation by sutures. This makes possible to choose two-component autofibrin glue as a fixation method of amniotic membrane in pterygium surgery. Keywords: pterygium, autofibrin glue, surgical treatment, amniotic membrane, fixation","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74839531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the causes of eye removal surgeries at the present stage","authors":"I. A. Yakovlev, A. M. Revta, D. Seliverstova, A. M. Bezhanidze","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-149-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-149-151","url":null,"abstract":"Retrospective analysis of the case histories of 243 patients (111 men and 132 women) aged 6 months to 96 years who underwent eye removal operations (22 eviscerations and 221 enucleations) was conducted. In the structure of clinical indications for enucleation and evisceration of the eye dominated severe pyo-inflammatory processes (infectious ulcer with corneal perforation, endophthalmitis, panophthalmitis, chronic sluggish uveitis with the threat of sympathetic ophthalmia) – 46.5 %. The percentage of malignant neoplasm (melanoma and retinoblastoma) is 27.9 %. Painful absolute glaucoma was the cause of enucleation in 18.9 %, severe eye injury in 6.5 % of patients. Radical surgeries were more often performed in women of the older age group with inflammatory pathology and oncopathology, men were more often operated on for painful absolute glaucoma and eye injury. Keywords: еnucleation; еvisceration; аnophthalmia","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79929052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of malignant glaucoma","authors":"D.B. Danzandorzhieva, A. Trofimov, V.I. Grigorichev, T. Iureva","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-376-380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-376-380","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To analyze the types of treatment of malignant glaucoma and their effectiveness using clinical examples. Material and methods. 3 patients with malignant glaucoma were included, with a history of phacoemulsification with implantation of an intraocular lens at different times. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including visometry, tonometry, biometry, ultrasound B-scan, biomicroscopy, and surgical treatment of malignant glaucoma, consisting of posterior closed vitrectomy 25 G, iridectomy and capsulotomy. Results. All cases resulted in a favorable outcome after the treatment. Conclusion. The study proved that an effective surgical treatment patients diagnosed with malignant glaucoma, after cataract phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation, is to perform a posterior closed vitrectomy 25 G with iridectomy and capsulotomy. Keywords: malignant glaucoma, a posterior closed vitrectomy","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83433413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma in young people","authors":"A. A. Bratchuk, S. Anisimova, L. Arutyunyan, S. Anisimov","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-273-279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-273-279","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To reveal the features of diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma in a group of young patients. Material and methods. Complex ophthalmological examination of 10 young patients diagnosed with glaucoma. Among them, three are on conservative treatment, the rest underwent non-penetrating deep sclerectomy with Xenoplast drainage implantation. Results. Patients who have undergone surgical treatment, especially in the early stages of glaucoma, are able to stabilize the pathological process, while maintaining visual functions at a high level. In an unoperated patient with myopia and nNDST, on maximum antihypertensive therapy, a negative trend was noted according to OCT. In the only case, a patient with emmetropia has stable indicators for several years on drug treatment (prostaglandin analogues). Conclusion. Timely diagnosis and implementation of nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy in the early stages are the main links in the successful treatment of young glaucoma. Patients with axial myopia and glaucoma should be evaluated cardiologically and orthopedically for signs of connective tissue damage. Undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia may be the pathophysiological basis of the glaucoma process. Key words: glaucoma of a young age, inherited disorders of connective tissue, juvenile glaucoma","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77702059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical laboratory evaluation of the toxoplasmosis retinochorioiditis'diagnosis","authors":"M. A. Poroshina, M.A. Yunina, E. Pedanova","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-330-336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-330-336","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To present OCT features of toxoplasmosis retinochorioiditis'diagnosis in patients with different immune status. Material and methods. The patients B. and K., male 44 and female 35 years old, with a decrease of visual acuity. The comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations ware carried out, including the examination of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit lamp indirect ophthalmoscopy, microperimetry, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT – angiography, fundus autofluorescence (AF). Results. According to the anamnesis, clinical findings and OCT features the toxoplasmosis retinochorioiditis was diagnosed. Treatment was administrated with antibacterial drugs. Conclusions. Despite of the negative serology, the toxoplasmosis retinochorioididtis diagnosis was proved. It was diagnosed by the anamnesis, specific clinical findings and OCT features. Keywords: ocular toxoplasmosis, posterior uveitis, retinochorioiditis, optical coherence tomography","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90705478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}