{"title":"Analysis for integration time and resolution in geosynchronous SAR","authors":"B. Hu, Y. Jiang, Yun Zhang, Xiaohui Zhao, T. Yeo","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485198","url":null,"abstract":"Geosynchronous SAR (GEO SAR) has significant potential advantages in the fields of continuous earth observation within 24 hours. Due to the increase of orbit height, the synthetic aperture trajectory tends to be curved, and thus, the conventional integration time calculation and resolution analysis methods of low earth orbit (LEO SAR) will lose effect in the GEO cases. In this paper, the maximum synthetic aperture time is analytically obtained from the vector derivation. Then the spatial resolution analysis for GEO SAR is derived in detail based on the gradient method. Simulation results validate the correctness of the proposed resolution analysis method.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129545016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Video-SAR using higher order Taylor terms for differential range","authors":"E. Bishop, R. Linnehan, A. Doerry","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485169","url":null,"abstract":"The backprojection algorithm has several advantages over Doppler based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation. These advantages have made it a standard choice for video-SAR, where measurements from airborne radars are continuously received and processed into imagery. Backprojection provides higher fidelity throughout the entire image, has greater flexibility of the image and flight path orientations, and is inherently immune to geometric distortions due to plane wave assumptions. Furthermore, the parallel nature of backprojection makes it ideally suited for implementation on general purpose graphical processing units (GPUs). However, GPUs are often designed for optimum single-precision performance and relatively slow double-precision performance. Backprojection relies on computing the differential range (ΔR) from every array position to every pixel, typically requiring a large number of double-precision operations. It has been suggested to exploit the first-order Taylor coefficients of ΔR, i.e., the far-field linear approximation, carried out using single-precision operations at the expense of significant image quality degradation. In this work we show that the single-precision, second-order Taylor approximation of ΔR yields a significant performance advantage over the double-precision square roots, while maintaining superior image quality. Geometric precision errors are estimated using third-order coefficients and verified numerically using simulations. SAR images are qualitatively compared using data collected by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI).","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127055003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of range-rate measurements in automatic track formation","authors":"Benjamin Davis, W. Dale Blair","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485220","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the authors investigate the use of range rate measurements via Doppler processing to decrease the probability of false track initiation, and the constraints that the use of these techniques may impose on the radar design. Both constant-velocity and accelerating targets are considered. First, the general track initialization and gating problem is formulated and the classical approach to range-bearing track initiation is described. An analysis of the problem of resolving Doppler ambiguity in the presence of errors is then presented followed by a Maximum Likelihood estimation approach to track initialization using range and range-rate measurements for maneuvering and non-maneuvering targets. These algorithms were applied to a notional radar system with variable target RCS, desired probability of false alarm, and track frame time (time between measurements). The results of these simulations show the proposed gating algorithms to be more robust than standard range-angle gating in terms of false track rate. The ability of the radar to initiate track on an accelerating target is preserved by using a maneuvering target gating model at the cost of a slight increase in false track rate.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122355173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High resolution digital radar design using chaotic AM signals","authors":"B. Verdin, P. Debroux, B. Flores, C. Pappu","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485167","url":null,"abstract":"A digital chaotic radar scheme that can be used in bistatic configuration is proposed. The generation of the transmitted AM signal and all post-processing are performed digitally. The proposed methodology is simulated and then validated with an anechoic chamber test. Results indicate that chaotic AM signals have autocorrelation sidelobe levels below -20 dB. The methodology was evaluated at two bandwidths, 0.5 GHz and 1 GHz. In presence of interference, sidelobe levels of the matched filter stay below -15 dB for a SNR of 0 dB. The proposed methodology makes the use of chaotic signals in bistatic radar possible without the requirement of chaotic system synchronization.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130198898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Santi, M. Bucciarelli, D. Pastina, M. Antoniou, Mike Cherniakov
{"title":"Passive multistatic SAR with GNSS transmitters and using joint bi/multi-static CLEAN technique","authors":"F. Santi, M. Bucciarelli, D. Pastina, M. Antoniou, Mike Cherniakov","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485109","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the capability of GNSS as opportunity transmitters for passive multistatic SAR. The large number of navigation satellites illuminating the same area from multiple view angles enables a single ground-based stationary receiver to combine the individual bistatic images thus achieving multistatic imagery capability with improved spatial resolution. Nevertheless, such a technique introduces artifacts corrupting the quality of the image information space. In this paper, a joint bi/multi-static CLEAN algorithm is exploited in order to correctly recovering the information of the scene. An experimental study is therefore presented, demonstrating the potential of this technology to extract detailed information of an area for persistent monitoring purposes.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130553268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anastasios Deligiannis, Gaia Rossetti, Anastasia Panoui, S. Lambotharan, Jonathon A. Chambers
{"title":"Power allocation game between a radar network and multiple jammers","authors":"Anastasios Deligiannis, Gaia Rossetti, Anastasia Panoui, S. Lambotharan, Jonathon A. Chambers","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485077","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate a competitive power allocation problem for a MIMO radar system in the presence of multiple targets equipped with jammers. The main objective of the radar network is to minimize the total power emitted by the radars while achieving a specific detection criterion for each of the targets, while the intelligent jammers have the ability to observe the radar transmission power and consequently decide its jamming power to maximize the interference to the radars. In this context, we incorporate convex optimization methods, noncooperative game theoretic techniques and hypothesis testing to identify jammers and to determine the optimal power allocation. Furthermore, we present a proof on the existence and uniqueness of the Nash Equilibrium (NE). The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and demonstrate the convergence of the game.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132964942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing spectrum coexistence using radar waveform diversity","authors":"M. Govoni","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485209","url":null,"abstract":"In an effort to meet the growing demands of the mobile communications industry, the recent Federal Communications Commission (FCC) auction of the 1695-1710 & 1755-1780 MHz bands marked the continued commitment by regulators to make available frequencies previously reserved for the military to the general public. While good for the economy, the Advanced Wireless Services (AWS-3) auction presents unprecedented challenges for incumbent military systems. In particular, the manner in which military radar systems are required to share spectrum represents a sharp contrast to how spectrum was previously accessed. Military radar systems, whether directly affected by the auction or yet to be designed, are expected to utilize innovative spectrum sharing technologies to meet the demand of this new paradigm. In this paper, the research is motivated by the aforementioned challenges and focuses on how the benefits of waveform diversity could serve as a potential solution to enhancing spectrum coexistence for military radar systems.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130604737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Richmond, Prabahan Basu, R. Learned, J. Vian, A.R. Worthen, M. Lockard
{"title":"Performance bounds on cooperative radar and communication systems operation","authors":"C. Richmond, Prabahan Basu, R. Learned, J. Vian, A.R. Worthen, M. Lockard","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485101","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical framework that embraces the competing objectives of cooperative radar-communication operations is proposed that engages the apparent trade-space in an optimal fashion. Specifically, minimization of a cooperative risk metric that extends the Neyman-Pearson criterion to include communication data rate is explored. Hence, establishing performance bounds for cooperative interaction. Ideal informed reception where simultaneous access to received data from both the radar and communication (comm.) system is shown to yield a structured covariance-based water-filling solution. Unlinked cooperation where codebooks, waveforms, and schedules are known by all, but received data is not relayed between radar and comm. conveys a complex tradespace dependent on the rate of information transmitted by the comm. system relative to the capacity of the radar-comm. data link.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"78 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130846643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parametric dictionary learning for TWRI using distributed particle swarm optimization","authors":"Haroon Raja, W. Bajwa, F. Ahmad, M. Amin","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485245","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers a distributed network of through-the-wall radars for accurate indoor scene reconstruction in the presence of multipath propagation. A sparsity based method is proposed for eliminating ghost targets under imperfect knowledge of interior wall locations. Instead of aggregating and processing the observations at a central fusion station, joint scene reconstruction and estimation of interior wall locations is carried out in a distributed manner across the network. More specifically, an alternating minimization approach is utilized to solve the associated non-convex optimization problem, wherein the sparse scene is reconstructed using the recently proposed modified distributed orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm while the wall location estimates are obtained with a novel distributed particle swarm optimization algorithm (D-PSO) proposed in this paper. Existing literature on averaging consensus is leveraged to derive the D-PSO algorithm. The efficacy of proposed approach is demonstrated using numerical simulation.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125608231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaowen Zhang, Kaizhi Wang, Yesheng Gao, Xingzhao Liu
{"title":"Optimal waveform design oriented toward cognitive radar in fractional Fourier domain","authors":"Xiaowen Zhang, Kaizhi Wang, Yesheng Gao, Xingzhao Liu","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.7485257","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the problem of waveform design using Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) in signal-dependent interference, as well as additive channel noise for stochastic extended target is investigated. Within constraints on waveform energy and duration, the optimum waveform design in fractional Fourier domain based on the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) criterion is modeled. Simulations conducted to illustrate that by changing angle variable, the energy of optimal waveform designed in fractional Fourier domain can be distributed in some narrow bands where the target power is large and the interference power is small. In addition, the waveform designed in fractional Fourier domain is proved more flexible and effective than that in Fourier domain, especially when the spectral density of target response and interference are relatively dispersed and flat.","PeriodicalId":185932,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126310599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}