Melanoma ResearchPub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000916
Jane Mattei, Eduardo N Trindade, Marcio F Chedid
{"title":"Mucosal melanoma: from molecular landscape to current treatment strategies.","authors":"Jane Mattei, Eduardo N Trindade, Marcio F Chedid","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000916","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucosal melanoma (MM) is an aggressive tumor originating from melanocytes located in the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tract with clinical and pathologic characteristics distinct from cutaneous melanoma. In addition, MMs have a unique biology that contributes to delayed diagnosis and, therefore an adverse prognosis. The factors all contribute to a treatment paradigm unique from its more studied cutaneous brethren. Due to the rarity of this disease, well-established protocols for the treatment of this pathology have yet to be established. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors patterned after cutaneous melanoma has become the de facto primary therapeutic approach; however, cytotoxic strategies and pathway-targeted therapies have a defined role in treatment. Judicious use of these approaches can give rise to durable unmaintained disease responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":" ","pages":"447-453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10477437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanoma ResearchPub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000922
Zijun Lin, Haoyan Shen, Xinguang Liu, Wanrui Ma, Mingfa Wang, Jie Ruan, Hongbin Yu, Sha Ma, Xuerong Sun
{"title":"Recent advances of artificial intelligence in melanoma clinical practice.","authors":"Zijun Lin, Haoyan Shen, Xinguang Liu, Wanrui Ma, Mingfa Wang, Jie Ruan, Hongbin Yu, Sha Ma, Xuerong Sun","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000922","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin melanoma is a lethal cancer. The incidence of melanoma is increasing rapidly in all regions of the world. Despite significant breakthroughs in melanoma treatment in recent years, precise diagnosis of melanoma is still a challenge in some cases. Even specialized physicians may need time and effort to make accurate judgments. As artificial intelligence (AI) technology advances into medical practice, it may bring new solutions to this problem based on its efficiency, accuracy, and speed. This paper summarizes the recent progress of AI in melanoma-related applications, including melanoma diagnosis and classification, the discovery of new medication, guiding treatment, and prognostic assessment. The paper also compares the effectiveness of various algorithms in melanoma application and suggests future research directions for AI in melanoma clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":" ","pages":"454-461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10213363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telomere length is associated with increased risk of cutaneous melanoma: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Mingjuan Liu, Yining Lan, Hanlin Zhang, Xinyi Zhang, Mengyin Wu, Leyan Yang, Jia Zhou, Meiyi Tong, Ling Leng, Heyi Zheng, Jun Li, Xia Mi","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000917","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Results: </strong>The MR analysis using two TL GWAS datasets revealed strong and consistent evidence that long TL is causally associated with an increased risk of CM. The analysis of the Codd et al. dataset found that long TL significantly predicted an elevated risk of CM (IVW OR = 2.411, 95% CI 2.092-2.780, P = 8.05E-34). Similarly, the analysis of the Li et al. dataset yielded consistent positive results across all MR methods, providing further robustness to the causal relationship (IVW OR = 2.324, 95% CI 1.516-3.565, P = 1.11E-04). The study provides evidence for a causal association between TL and CM susceptibility, indicating that longer TL increases the risk of developing CM and providing insight into the unique telomere biology in melanoma pathogenesis. Telomere maintenance pathways may be a potential target for preventing and treating CM.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":" ","pages":"475-481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanoma ResearchPub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000921
David R Miley, Cynthia M Andrews-Pfannkoch, Jose S Pulido, Samantha A Erickson, Richard G Vile, Michael P Fautsch, Alan D Marmorstein, Lauren A Dalvin
{"title":"Direct early growth response-1 knockdown decreases melanoma viability independent of mitogen-activated extracellular signal-related kinase inhibition.","authors":"David R Miley, Cynthia M Andrews-Pfannkoch, Jose S Pulido, Samantha A Erickson, Richard G Vile, Michael P Fautsch, Alan D Marmorstein, Lauren A Dalvin","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000921","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate downstream molecular changes caused by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor treatment and further explore the impact of direct knockdown of early growth response-1 ( EGR1 ) in melanoma cell culture. RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed to determine gene expression changes with MEK inhibitor treatment. Treatment with MEK inhibitor (trametinib) was then assessed in two cutaneous (MEL888, MEL624) and one conjunctival (YUARGE 13-3064) melanoma cell line. Direct knockdown of EGR1 was accomplished using lentiviral vectors containing shRNA. Cell viability was measured using PrestoBlueHS Cell Viability Reagent. Total RNA and protein were assessed by qPCR and SimpleWestern. RNA-Seq demonstrated a profound reduction in EGR1 with MEK inhibitor treatment, prompting further study of melanoma cell lines. Following trametinib treatment of melanoma cells, viability was reduced in both cutaneous (MEL888 26%, P < 0.01; MEL624 27%, P < 0.001) and conjunctival (YUARGE 13-3064 33%, P < 0.01) melanoma compared with DMSO control, with confirmed EGR1 knockdown to 0.04-, 0.01-, and 0.16-fold DMSO-treated levels (all P < 0.05) in MEL888, MEL624, and YUARGE 13-3064, respectively. Targeted EGR1 knockdown using shRNA reduced viability in both cutaneous (MEL624 78%, P = 0.05) and conjunctival melanoma (YUARGE-13-3064 67%, P = 0.02). RNA-Sequencing in MEK inhibitor-treated cells identified EGR1 as a candidate effector molecule of interest. In a malignant melanoma cell population, MEK inhibition reduced viability in both cutaneous and conjunctival melanoma with a profound downstream reduction in EGR1 expression. Targeted knockdown of EGR1 reduced both cutaneous and conjunctival melanoma cell viability independent of MEK inhibition, suggesting a key role for EGR1 in melanoma pathobiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":" ","pages":"482-491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanoma ResearchPub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000912
Summer N Meyer, Elanee Simmons, Amy C Studer, Katherine A Rauen, Maija Kiuru
{"title":"Melanocytic neoplasms in neurofibromatosis type 1: a systematic review.","authors":"Summer N Meyer, Elanee Simmons, Amy C Studer, Katherine A Rauen, Maija Kiuru","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000912","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurofibromatosis type 1 ( NF1 ) is commonly mutated in melanoma, yet the risk of melanoma in individuals with NF1 is incompletely understood. We performed a systematic review to investigate the risk and characteristics of melanoma and melanocytic nevi in NF1 individuals. PubMed was searched for articles describing NF1 individuals with melanoma, or melanocytic nevi. Those with cutaneous and ocular melanomas were compared to the general population using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data. Fifty-three articles describing 188 NF1 patients were included (melanoma n = 82, melanocytic nevi n = 93, melanocytic nevi, and melanoma n = 13). Compared to the general population, NF1 patients with cutaneous melanomas had earlier melanoma diagnoses (49.1 vs. 58.6 years, P = 0.012), thicker tumors (3.7 vs. 1.2 mm, P = 0.006), and more frequent disease-specific deaths (27.3% vs. 8.6%, P = 0.005) with shorter survival (12.9 vs. 34.2 months, P = 0.011). Ocular melanomas made up 15.0% of all melanomas in NF1 patients versus 1.5% in the general population ( P < 0.001). In pooling all population-based studies describing melanoma in NF1 populations, NF1 individuals had 2.55 higher odds of having melanoma compared to the general population. A nevus spilus was commonly reported among NF1 individuals with nevi (44.8%, 39/87). Our findings suggest that NF1 individuals may have a higher risk for developing melanomas and tend to have thicker melanomas and worse survival compared to the general population, highlighting the importance of cutaneous and ophthalmologic surveillance in NF1 patients. Our review also supports the association between NF1 and nevus spilus.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":" ","pages":"437-446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9993801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanoma ResearchPub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000873
Haojan Yang, Jiateng Zhou, Dongdong Li, Shengbo Zhou, Xinyi Dai, Xinchao Du, Hailei Mao, Bin Wang
{"title":"The inhibitory role of microRNA-141-3p in human cutaneous melanoma growth and metastasis through the fibroblast growth factor 13-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase axis.","authors":"Haojan Yang, Jiateng Zhou, Dongdong Li, Shengbo Zhou, Xinyi Dai, Xinchao Du, Hailei Mao, Bin Wang","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000873","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a highly invasive malignancy arising from melanocytes, and accompanied by ever-increasing incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Interestingly, microRNAs (miRNAs) possess the ability to regulate CM cell biological functions, resulting in the aggressive progression of CM. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Accordingly, the current study sought to elicit the functional role of miR-141-3p in human CM cells in association with fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) and the MAPK pathway. First, miR-141-3p expression patterns were detected in human CM tissues and cell lines, in addition to the validation of the targeting relationship between miR-141-3p and FGF13. Subsequently, loss- and gain-of-function studies of miR-141-3p were performed to elucidate the functional role of miR-141-3p in the malignant features of CM cells. Intriguingly, our findings revealed that FGF13 was highly expressed, whereas miR-141-3p was poorly expressed in the CM tissues and cells. Further analysis highlighted FGF13 as a target gene of miR-141-3p. Meanwhile, overexpression of miR-141-3p inhibited the proliferative, invasive, and migratory abilities of CM cells, while enhancing their apoptosis accompanied by downregulation of FGF13 and the MAPK pathway-related genes. Collectively, our findings highlighted the inhibitory effects of miR-141-3p on CM cell malignant properties via disruption of the FGF13-dependent MAPK pathway, suggesting a potential target for treating human CM.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":" ","pages":"492-505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9205121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanoma ResearchPub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000915
Samuel X Tan, Sharene Chong, Casey Rowe, Magdalena Claeson, James Dight, Chenhao Zhou, Mathieu P Rodero, Maryrose Malt, B Mark Smithers, Adele C Green, Kiarash Khosrotehrani
{"title":"pSTAT5 is associated with improved survival in patients with thick or ulcerated primary cutaneous melanoma.","authors":"Samuel X Tan, Sharene Chong, Casey Rowe, Magdalena Claeson, James Dight, Chenhao Zhou, Mathieu P Rodero, Maryrose Malt, B Mark Smithers, Adele C Green, Kiarash Khosrotehrani","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000915","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying prognostic biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes in stage I and II cutaneous melanomas could guide the clinical application of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (pSTAT5) as a biomarker in early-stage melanoma. This study evaluated all initially staged Ib and II melanoma patients undergoing sentinel node biopsy at a tertiary centre in Brisbane, Australia between 1994 and 2007, with survival data collected from the Queensland Cancer Registry. Primary melanoma tissue from 189 patients was analysed for pSTAT5 level through immunohistochemistry. Cox regression modelling, with adjustment for sex, age, ulceration, anatomical location, and Breslow depth, was applied to determine the association between pSTAT5 detection and melanoma-specific survival. Median duration of follow-up was 7.4 years. High pSTAT5 detection was associated with ulceration and increased tumour thickness. However, multivariate analysis indicated that high pSTAT5 detection was associated with improved melanoma-specific survival (hazard ratio: 0.15, 95% confidence interval: 0.03-0.67) as compared to low pSTAT5 detection. This association persisted when pSTAT5 detection was limited to immune infiltrate or the vasculature, as well as when sentinel node positivity was accounted for. In this cohort, staining for high-pSTAT5 tumours identified a subset of melanoma patients with increased survival outcomes as compared to low-pSTAT5 tumours, despite the former having higher-risk clinicopathological characteristics at diagnosis. pSTAT5 is likely an indicator of local immune activation, and its detection could represent a useful tool to stratify the risk of melanoma progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"506-513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46983586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of an orphan drug tebentafusp in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma and a call for value-based pricing.","authors":"Shaohong Luo, Chen Xie, Ningning Lin, Dong Lin, Dian Gu, Shen Lin, Xiaoting Huang, Xiongwei Xu, Xiuhua Weng","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000919","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000000919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The normative regimens recommendations for treating metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) are absent in the US. Recently, a phase III randomized clinical trial revealed that tebentafusp yielded a conspicuously longer overall survival than the control group. Based on the prominent efficacy, this study aimed to assess whether tebentafusp is cost-effective compared to the control group in patients with untreated mUM. A three-state partitioned survival model was developed to assess the costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) from the perspective of US payers. Scenario analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the conclusion uncertainty. Compared with control group, tebentafusp therapy yielded an additional 0.47 QALYs (1.19 vs. 0.72 QALYs) and an incremental cost of $444 280 ($633 822 vs. $189 542). The resultant ICER of $953 230/QALY far outweighed the willingness-to-pay threshold of $200 000/QALY. The ICER was always more than $750 000/QALY in all the univariable and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Scenario analyses indicated that reducing the unit price of tebentafusp to $33.768/µg was associated with a favorable result of tebentafusp being cost-effective. For treatment-naive patients with mUM, the cost of tebentafusp therapy was not worth the improvement in survival benefits at the current price compared to the investigator's choice of therapy. The cost-effectiveness of tebentafusp could be promoted using value-based pricing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":" ","pages":"525-531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}