{"title":"A Low Power Photo-Voltaic Battery Charger with Improved Reliability and Energy Recovery to Reduce Shading Effect","authors":"Maziar Rastmanesh, E. El-Masry, K. El-Sankary","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750762","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-solar energy harvesting systems can operate efficiently at relatively high threshold luminance, and they exhibit 0% efficiency below threshold luminance or at strong shading. The objective of this paper is to introduce a new topology that improves the charge efficiency, functionality, sensitivity, and reliability of the Photo-Voltaic (PV) solar chargers during strong overcast while employing minimum hardware. The proposed topology responds to a wide range of solar irradiation and functions as an efficient charger with an improved battery charging current for slow charge topology at strong shading. It employs a boost converter with a second inductor and exploits the non-linearity of the PV characteristics of a solar cell to reduce power loss. To verify the proposed topology, a prototype, 1.4V/18mA charger, was built and successfully tested with 87.3% heavily sourced efficiency retained.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121177855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sahu, Patrick Wlazlo, Nastassja Gaudet, A. Goulart, E. Rogers, K. Davis
{"title":"Generation of Firewall Configurations for a Large Scale Synthetic Power System","authors":"A. Sahu, Patrick Wlazlo, Nastassja Gaudet, A. Goulart, E. Rogers, K. Davis","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750776","url":null,"abstract":"Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems play an important role in modern power grid operations. Interactions of interest include the numerous application layer protocols, from industrial control systems (ICS) protocols such as the Distributed Network Protocol-3 (DNP3) to traditional information technology (IT) protocols such as Web-based applications. All these protocols are vulnerable to cyber threats, against which power grid control systems must be protected. For this reason, the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP-005-5) exists and requires an electronic security perimeter. This paper presents how these electronic security perimeters can be configured in an automated way. First, a set of firewall rules are described, translated to iptables, and evaluated in the emulation environment in the Resilient Energy System Laboratory (RESLab) cyber-physical testbed. To configure the firewall rules for a large scale power system model, this paper presents an automatic firewall configuration generator that is implemented as a prototype software tool that can streamline configuration of firewalls for utilities. Using this tool, firewall policies are configured for all the utilities and substations within the Texas 2000-bus model, assuming a star network topology plus one balancing authority. The resulting number of firewalls, object groups, and access control lists for this large power system model are also presented.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121187394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk-Averse Scheduling via Conservation Voltage Reduction in Unbalanced Distribution Feeders","authors":"Mohammad MansourLakouraj, H. Livani, M. Benidris","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750838","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing penetration of solar photovoltaics (PVs) generation in distribution grids necessitates the need for optimal operation and scheduling of active/reactive resources for regulating the voltage along distribution feeders and reducing power consumption. In this paper, a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) risk-averse stochastic optimization model is proposed to co-optimize the traditional switching of capacitor banks and transformer tap along with PV and energy storage system (ESS) inverters. In day-ahead (DA) stage, traditional devices and purchased power of DA are scheduled. In real-time stage, the fast response inverters, ESS, and real-time market ensure sufficient active and reactive power support for distribution grids considering the conservation voltage reduction (CVR) plan. The CVR is integrated with the framework to reduce the energy consumption of voltage dependent loads by operating the grid close to the lower acceptable voltage ranges. The uncertainty of sudden changes in PV generation is represented by a Gaussian Mixture model (GMM). The generated uncertainty scenarios are reduced using an unsupervised fuzzy k-means method. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed framework is verified using a modified version of the unbalanced IEEE 33-node system.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134298512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Snodgrass, Sanjana Kunkolienkar, U. Habiba, Yijing Liu, M. Stevens, F. Safdarian, T. Overbye, R. Korab
{"title":"Case Study of Enhancing the MATPOWER Polish Electric Grid","authors":"Jonathan Snodgrass, Sanjana Kunkolienkar, U. Habiba, Yijing Liu, M. Stevens, F. Safdarian, T. Overbye, R. Korab","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750807","url":null,"abstract":"The MATPOWER Polish systems are several power system test cases that are created using the real power system of Poland circa 2000. However, dynamic model parameters and geographic coordinates were not provided with the initial cases in MATPOWER. To improve the Polish test systems, this paper describes the process of converting the Polish systems included with MATPOWER to the PowerWorld format, assigning geographic coordinates to the 400 kV and 220 kV high voltage networks and adding dynamic models. Additionally, several categories of power system metrics were analyzed for the MATPOWER Polish systems, and the results compared with the corresponding metrics from the United States power systems.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"2010 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127354976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Mohammadi, Rasoul Bok, M. Hajian, A. Rezaei-Zare
{"title":"Controller-Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of A Single-Phase Single-Stage Transformerless Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverter","authors":"F. Mohammadi, Rasoul Bok, M. Hajian, A. Rezaei-Zare","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750851","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the validation and performance testing of a control scheme for a single-phase single-stage transformerless grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) inverter are presented using the Control-Hardware-in-the-Loop (C-HIL) implementation. The control scheme uses the DC-link voltage controller and grid current controller, and it is executed in a LAUNCHXL-F28379D development kit, providing a cost-effective solution compared to commercially available tools. In order to extract the maximum available power from the PV system under different conditions, two Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms, including the Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm and incre-mental conductance method, are investigated and compared. The simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the studied control scheme.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127408846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Assessment of Current Based Distribution System State Estimator","authors":"G. Çakir, M. Baran","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750793","url":null,"abstract":"State estimation methods need to be tailored for real-time monitoring at distribution level to address the computational burden. One of the promising approaches converts the measurements to equivalent current measurements. This paper focuses on a comprehensive assessment of the performance of this method. The metrics adopted aims to assess the main performance issues of bias, consistency, and quality. This paper also examines the dependency of the method's performance on the measurements available for estimation. Test results on a sample test feeder have also been provided to illustrate the importance of the proposed performance assessment approach, as the results show that the performance metrics used provide valuable insights about the limitations of the use of the equivalent current injections when there is only a limited number of measurements available at distribution level.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122381313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Afshar, M. Majidi, O. A. Gashteroodkhani, M. E. Amoli
{"title":"High Impedance Fault Detection in a Practical Platform Using a Real-Time-Digital Simulator","authors":"M. Afshar, M. Majidi, O. A. Gashteroodkhani, M. E. Amoli","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750700","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the accuracy of a commercialized high impedance fault (HIF) detection relay module for distinguishing HIFs in a real distribution network. Actual HIFs which are modeled based on real-world measurement are used to investigate the detection rate. It is almost impossible to verify the effectiveness of any HIF method under comprehensive scenarios in the field. Therefore, an actual distribution feeder is modeled using a real-time digital simulator (RTDS) and RSCAD software and a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform. Several HIFs with different ground surface types are studied for different positions along the lines with different arc detection sensitivity levels. Extensive tests have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the HIF detection method.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128317969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica L. Wert, Pooria Dehghanian, Anna Zhang, M. Stevens, Rhett Guthrie, Jonathan Snodgrass, K. Shetye, T. Overbye, K. Davis, J. Gannon
{"title":"Analysis of Magnetometer Data from a Strong G3 Geomagnetic Disturbance","authors":"Jessica L. Wert, Pooria Dehghanian, Anna Zhang, M. Stevens, Rhett Guthrie, Jonathan Snodgrass, K. Shetye, T. Overbye, K. Davis, J. Gannon","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750736","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the changes to the earth's magnetic field during geomagnetic disturbance (GMD) events provides valuable insights which can be used to better understand potential impacts of GMDs on the electrical power grid and develop mitigating measures. This paper analyzes variations in the magnetic field measurement data captured from 17 magnetometers placed across the United States over the course of a strong GMD event that occurred in early November 2021. Various correlation analyses are performed based on the magnetic field measurements and time-shifted signals during four distinct scenarios (pre-storm, early-storm, peak-storm, and post-storm). The results provide a better understanding of the changes in magnetic field patterns, which can lead to a more accurate assessment of the induced electric field on the grid.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130273718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Siddiquee, K. A. Agyeman, K. Bruton, B. Howard, D. O’Sullivan
{"title":"A Data-driven Assessment Model for Demand Response Participation Benefit of Industries","authors":"S. Siddiquee, K. A. Agyeman, K. Bruton, B. Howard, D. O’Sullivan","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750797","url":null,"abstract":"Demand Response (DR) is an incentivized program by the utility operator to provide an opportunity for consumers to play a significant role in the electric grid operation by shifting or reducing loads during peak periods. This work proposes a data-driven methodology that only uses smart meter data to identify load flexibility in industrial loads of consumer and cost-saving potential from participating in a DR program. The first step of the methodology involves an unsupervised clustering of historical demand loads data based on $K$ -means algorithm to identify the energy usage behavior of an industrial consumer. An operation demand flexibility boundary is then calculated from the identified clusters. These boundaries are the flexible region where demand load ramp-up and ramp-down can be are achievable. Two DR participation scenarios (i.e., Passive and Active DR participation) based on Linear Constrained Optimization are designed where optimal daily electrical demand trajectory under DR participation scenario is estimated to evaluate the net benefit of DR participation. The case study of an electronics factory indicates that 4% – 7% monthly net benefit can be achieved from passive DR participation, and 14% – 19% monthly net benefit can be achieved from active DR participation. This methodology provides industrial consumers with a non-intrusive assessment of electrical load flexibility potential and associated DR participation benefit without going through the physical onsite audit process.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134354709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Penalty Factor-Based Formulation to Support Optimal Energy Scheduling of Distributed Energy Resources in Distribution Systems","authors":"J. Fernández-Ramírez, S. Grijalva","doi":"10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC54980.2022.9750792","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a penalty factor-based energy scheduling (PFES) formulation for distributed energy resources (DER) optimal energy management in distribution networks. DER limits, as well as network line thermal limits and voltage constraints, are observed as part of the optimization. In the proposed method, penalty factors are utilized to capture the impact of losses in the distribution circuit while providing a method for dispatch optimization. The optimization relies on linearized sensitivities of the AC power flow, namely the active power Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDFs) as well as voltage sensitivities to estimate the impact of voltages due to changes in dispatch. The PDTFs are further utilized to estimate system-wide losses. The paper shows how these sensitivity approaches are an effective way to enforce network constraints as part of DER energy scheduling. The method is successfully demonstrated on the IEEE-13 distribution test feeder.","PeriodicalId":185211,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114677352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}