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Evaluation of methods for the microbiological control of natural corks for sparkling wine bottles. 气泡酒天然软木塞微生物控制方法的评价。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
S Centeno, M A Calvo
{"title":"Evaluation of methods for the microbiological control of natural corks for sparkling wine bottles.","authors":"S Centeno,&nbsp;M A Calvo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The various parameters proposed in Norm 0.20/95 of Catalunya (Spain) for the microbiological analysis of natural corks for sparkling wines were evaluated. The best results were obtained through the use of 1/4 Ringer's solution or saline for rinsing with an agitation time of 30 min, and an agitation speed of 150-200 rpm. Tryptone soya agar (TSA) and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) were used as a culture medium for the bacteria and fungi, respectively, and a cultivation time of 48 h and incubation temperatures of 37 +/- 2 degrees C for bacteria and 28 degrees C for yeast and filamentous fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"102 402","pages":"121-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21727003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anti-hepatitic C virus antibodies hidden in circulating antibody/antigen aggregates in HCV-RNA positive patients. 丙肝病毒抗体隐藏在HCV-RNA阳性患者的循环抗体/抗原聚集体中。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
E Quirós-Roldán, G Piédrola, M C Maroto
{"title":"Anti-hepatitic C virus antibodies hidden in circulating antibody/antigen aggregates in HCV-RNA positive patients.","authors":"E Quirós-Roldán,&nbsp;G Piédrola,&nbsp;M C Maroto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to determine whether antibodies to HCV can be hidden in immunocomplex aggregates in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) negative, HCV-RNA positive patients and whether their presence could be related to HCV viral load or HCV genotype. Sera (23 in toto) from patients with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and negative for anti-HCV but positive for HCV-RNA and the immunocomplex aggregates (precipitate with PEG 6000 and glycine 1 M) were studied. The sera were treated using a rapid, simple new ELISA which disrupted the immunocomplex aggregates. Sera from ten patients were tested anti-HCV positive after immunocomplex disruption. No correlation with age, sex, ALT level, viral load or HCV genotype was observed. In some patients anti-HCV antibodies were hidden in circulating antibody/antigen complexes which could be dissociated with a simple, inexpensive and rapid protocol; therefore it can provide a valuable addition to the diagnosis of HCV infection and it may prevent some cases of post-transfusion hepatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"103 404","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21864677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endotoxins stimulate generation of superoxide radicals and lipid peroxidation in blood platelets. 内毒素刺激血小板产生超氧自由基和脂质过氧化。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
J Saluk-Juszczak, B Wachowicz, W Kaca
{"title":"Endotoxins stimulate generation of superoxide radicals and lipid peroxidation in blood platelets.","authors":"J Saluk-Juszczak,&nbsp;B Wachowicz,&nbsp;W Kaca","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) is an important structural constituent of the membrane of gram-negative bacteria with a wide range of biological effects. It can activate blood platelets. The purpose of present study was to determine the direct effect of endotoxins from Proteus mirabilis, differing significantly in their composition, on the generation of superoxide radicals and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in blood platelets. Superoxide radicals were measured by means of superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C. The TBARS determination (malonyldialdehyde) was used as a marker of endogenous arachidonate metabolism and thromboxane A2 synthesis. Results demonstrate that three endotoxins (LPS S1959, LPS R110, LPS R45) after 2 min of action, even at the lowest concentration (0.03 microg/10(8) platelets) stimulated the generation of TBARS and release of superoxide radicals. All LPS contain lipid A as a component but differ in their chemical composition in the polysaccharide part. It is suggested that the observed effects of LPS on blood platelets are attributable to their lipid A portion.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"103 404","pages":"17-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21864776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection and investigation of Campylobacter jejuni by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. 聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析对空肠弯曲杆菌的检测与研究。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
A Kiuchi, M Hara, H S Pham, K Takikawa, R Itoh, K Tabuchi
{"title":"Detection and investigation of Campylobacter jejuni by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.","authors":"A Kiuchi,&nbsp;M Hara,&nbsp;H S Pham,&nbsp;K Takikawa,&nbsp;R Itoh,&nbsp;K Tabuchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A molecular typing approach for Campylobacter jejuni with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the flagellin gene flaA in C. jejuni, was generated and studied. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-RFLP with the restriction endonuclease Mbo I, it was demonstrated that C. jejuni could be divided into four types. Genotypic analysis of C. jejuni by PCR-RFLP is a valuable technique for epidemiological typing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"102 403","pages":"159-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21792830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sequence diversity of a fragment of the 16S RNA gene from Helicobacter pylori. 幽门螺杆菌16S RNA基因片段序列多样性分析。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
M M Khan, N G Stoker, B S Drasar
{"title":"Sequence diversity of a fragment of the 16S RNA gene from Helicobacter pylori.","authors":"M M Khan,&nbsp;N G Stoker,&nbsp;B S Drasar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common bacterial pathogens. It is the main cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers and has been associated with other diseases. The organism seems to be more genetically diverse than other bacterial pathogens, and the source of these differences awaits explanation. The sequence of a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene was determined for ten strains of H. pylori to examine the contribution of point mutation within a conserved gene. There were few differences between the sequences from the various strains and it was concluded that such differences were not the most important source of diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"103 406","pages":"139-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21952789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human anti-scrub typhus rickettsia and rabbit anti-Proteus antibodies recognize similar epitope in the O-polysaccharide part of Proteus mirabilis OXK lipopolysaccharide. 人抗恙虫病立克次体抗体和兔抗变形杆菌抗体在变形杆菌OXK脂多糖的o -多糖部分识别相似的表位。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
W Kaca, K Amano, A Y Chernyak, Y A Knirel
{"title":"Human anti-scrub typhus rickettsia and rabbit anti-Proteus antibodies recognize similar epitope in the O-polysaccharide part of Proteus mirabilis OXK lipopolysaccharide.","authors":"W Kaca,&nbsp;K Amano,&nbsp;A Y Chernyak,&nbsp;Y A Knirel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the Weil-Felix test, sera from patients infected with Orientia tsutsugamushi reacted with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Proteus mirabilis OXK strains. The O-polysaccharide of P. mirabilis OXK LPS consisted of pentasaccharide repeating units, with amidically-linked lysine residues. The lysine, linked to galacturonic residues, which plays an important role in the reaction with rabbit anti-OXK antibodies, was revealed with the aid of synthetic antigens. Using ELISA, immunoglobulin M antibodies from scrub typhus patients reacted with the O-specific polysaccharide of strain OXK LPS only. This reaction was inhibited by rabbit antibodies specific to the O-antigen of strain OXK LPS. Both human and rabbit antibodies may bind to similar epitopes on the O-polysaccharide part of P. mirabilis OXK LPS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"103 406","pages":"151-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21952790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synergistic effect of cefepime on the phagocytic killing of Staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes and the determination of this effect by means of nitrite production. 头孢吡肟对人多形核白细胞吞噬金黄色葡萄球菌的协同作用及亚硝酸盐产生的测定。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
N Sultan, M Y Cirak, D Erbaş
{"title":"Synergistic effect of cefepime on the phagocytic killing of Staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes and the determination of this effect by means of nitrite production.","authors":"N Sultan,&nbsp;M Y Cirak,&nbsp;D Erbaş","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study the effect of cefepime on the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) was determined. The opsonophagocytic killing of S. aureus was synergistically enhanced by cefepime at concentrations below 0.5 times the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and four times the MIC at higher concentrations. The effect of cefepime on phagocytosis and the bactericidal activity of PMNL was also investigated by the measurement of nitrite levels using a Sievers analyser. According to the nitrite levels, cefepime enhanced not only the phagocytosis by PMNL 2.1-fold in the 0.5 MIC and 2.8-fold in the four MIC values but also the bactericidal activity of neutrophils 2.5-fold in the 0.5 MIC and 2.8-fold in the four MIC values, respectively. The beneficial cefepime-leucocyte interaction may explain the efficacy of cefepime against intracellular pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"103 405","pages":"97-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21917467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genomic arrangement of a putative operon involved in maltose transport in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium leprae. 结核分枝杆菌复合体和麻风分枝杆菌中参与麦芽糖转运的假定操纵子的基因组排列。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
S M Borich, A Murray, E Gormley
{"title":"Genomic arrangement of a putative operon involved in maltose transport in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium leprae.","authors":"S M Borich,&nbsp;A Murray,&nbsp;E Gormley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Mycobacterium bovis gene coding for a putative MalE maltose binding protein was cloned and its full-length sequence determined. Database searches revealed 99.9% identity with IpqY, encoding a putative sugar uptake protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv. The deduced protein product showed high sequence similarity to MalE-like proteins from a variety of bacterial species, including Mycobacterium leprae. Analysis of flanking database sequences from M. tuberculosis and M. leprae revealed the presence of malF-, malG- and malK-like genes. Comparison of these mycobacterial sequences with other maltose operons has allowed us to deduce a unique genomic arrangement of the genes involved in the uptake of maltose in members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and M. leprae.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"102 401","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21664091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regulation of the thdF gene, which is involved in thiophene oxidation by Escherichia coli K-12. 参与大肠杆菌K-12氧化噻吩的thdF基因的调控。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
M D Zabel, P K Bunch, D P Clark
{"title":"Regulation of the thdF gene, which is involved in thiophene oxidation by Escherichia coli K-12.","authors":"M D Zabel,&nbsp;P K Bunch,&nbsp;D P Clark","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The thdF gene of Escherichia coli encodes a 48 kD protein which is involved in the oxidation of derivatives of the sulphur-containing heterocycle thiophene and which appears to be induced during stationary phase. In this work the upstream regulatory region of the thdF gene was isolated by polymerase chain reaction and inserted in front of the lacZ structural gene. Examination of the resulting thdF-lacZ operon fusions showed that expression of the thdF gene increased as E. coli entered the stationary phase. However, the expression of thdF was not dependent on RpoS (KatF), the stationary phase sigma factor. The thdF gene was subject to substantial catabolite repression by glucose and its expression was also greatly decreased in the absence of oxygen. The thdF-lacZ fusions were not significantly affected by elevated temperature or medium of high osmolarity, nor by mutations in thdA, fadR, arcA, arcB, or fnr. Both multicopy, plasmid-borne fusions and single-copy fusions gave similar results in all of the above cases except that the plasmid-borne fusions still showed substantial expression in the absence of oxygen. The heterocyclic compounds thiophene carboxylic acid, furan carboxylic acid and proline increased expression of the thdF gene by 2- to 3-fold, but only during the stationary phase. Tryptophan, indole, and several indole derivatives had no effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"101 399","pages":"89-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21589505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oral administration of Escherichia coli glutamic acid decarboxylase has immunomodulatory effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. 口服大肠杆菌谷氨酸脱羧酶对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病有免疫调节作用。
Microbios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
L Yazdchi-Marandi, R Yazdanparast, S Rafieii
{"title":"Oral administration of Escherichia coli glutamic acid decarboxylase has immunomodulatory effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetes.","authors":"L Yazdchi-Marandi,&nbsp;R Yazdanparast,&nbsp;S Rafieii","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The extent of destruction of insulin-secreting beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans was investigated in an animal model using oral administration of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isolated from Escherichia coli. The extent of lymphocytic infiltration of the pancreatic Islet cells and the severity of diabetes were significantly reduced by oral administration of GAD to rats 14 days before intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ, 40 mg/kg body wt on 5 consecutive days). In addition, oral administration of GAD to rats 14 days before or 3 days after STZ treatment significantly (p <0.05) reduced the levels of GAD-specific antibodies and improved the in vitro proliferative response of splenocytes to concanavalin A (Con A). These data demonstrate that oral GAD administration probably generates active cellular mechanisms which suppress the disease and therefore raise the possibility of using E. coli GAD as a new means for the immunomodulation of autoimmune diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18494,"journal":{"name":"Microbios","volume":"102 403","pages":"135-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21793494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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