Microbial Genomics最新文献

{"title":"Impact of simulation and reference catalogues on the evaluation of taxonomic profiling pipelines.","authors":"Vadim Puller, Florian Plaza Oñate, Edi Prifti, Raynald de Lahondès","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001330","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbiome profiling tools rely on reference catalogues, which significantly affect their performance. Comparing them is, however, challenging, mainly due to differences in their native catalogues. In this study, we present a novel standardized benchmarking framework that makes such comparisons more accurate. We decided not to customize databases but to translate results to a common reference to use the tools with their native environment. Specifically, we conducted two realistic simulations of gut microbiome samples, each based on a specific taxonomic profiler, and used two different taxonomic references to project their results, namely the Genome Taxonomy Database and the Unified Human Gastrointestinal Genome. To demonstrate the importance of using such a framework, we evaluated four established profilers as well as the impact of the simulations and that of the common taxonomic references on the perceived performance of these profilers. Finally, we provide guidelines to enhance future profiler comparisons for human microbiome ecosystems: (i) use or create realistic simulations tailored to your biological context (BC), (ii) identify a common feature space suited to your BC and independent of the catalogues used by the profilers and (iii) apply a comprehensive set of metrics covering accuracy (sensitivity/precision), overall representativity (richness/Shannon) and quantification (UniFrac and/or Aitchison distance).</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11728698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ecological-evolutionary perspective on the genomic diversity and habitat preferences of the <i>Acidobacteriota</i>.","authors":"Ella McReynolds, Mostafa S Elshahed, Noha H Youssef","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001344","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the phylum <i>Acidobacteriota</i> inhabit a wide range of ecosystems including soils. We analysed the global patterns of distribution and habitat preferences of various <i>Acidobacteriota</i> lineages across major ecosystems (soil, engineered, host-associated, marine, non-marine saline and alkaline and terrestrial non-soil ecosystems) in 248 559 publicly available metagenomic datasets. Classes <i>Terriglobia</i>, <i>Vicinamibacteria</i>, <i>Blastocatellia</i> and <i>Thermoanaerobaculia</i> were highly ubiquitous and showed a clear preference to soil over non-soil habitats, while classes <i>Aminicenantia</i> and <i>Holophagae</i> showed preferences to non-soil habitats. However, while specific preferences were observed, most <i>Acidobacteriota</i> lineages were habitat generalists rather than specialists, with genomic and/or metagenomic fragments recovered from soil and non-soil habitats at various levels of taxonomic resolution. Comparative analysis of 1930 genomes strongly indicates that phylogenetic affiliation plays a more important role than the habitat from which the genome was recovered in shaping the genomic characteristics and metabolic capacities of the <i>Acidobacteriota</i>. The observed lack of strong habitat specialization and habitat-transition-driven lineage evolution in the <i>Acidobacteriota</i> suggest ready cross-colonization between soil and non-soil habitats. We posit that such capacity is key to the successful establishment of <i>Acidobacteriota</i> as a major component in soil microbiomes post-ecosystem disturbance events or during pedogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11778308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple introductions of NRCS-A <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> to the neonatal intensive care unit drive neonatal bloodstream infections: a case-control and environmental genomic survey.","authors":"Emily A Lees, Jessica Gentry, Hermione Webster, Nicholas Sanderson, David Eyre, Daniel Wilson, Sam Lipworth, Derrick Crook, T H Nicholas Wong, Anthony Mark, Katie Jeffery, Stéphane Paulus, Bernadette C Young","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.001340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> The <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> NRCS-A strain has emerged as a global cause of late-onset sepsis associated with outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) whose transmission is incompletely understood.<b>Methods.</b> Demographic and clinical data for 45 neonates with <i>S. capitis</i> and 90 with other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from sterile sites were reviewed, and clinical significance was determined. <i>S. capitis</i> isolated from 27 neonates at 2 hospitals between 2017 and 2022 underwent long-read (ONT) (<i>n</i>=27) and short-read (Illumina) sequencing (<i>n</i>=18). These sequences were compared with <i>S. capitis</i> sequenced from blood culture isolates from other adult and paediatric patients in the same hospitals (<i>n</i>=6), <i>S. capitis</i> isolated from surface swabs (found in 5/150 samples), rectal swabs (in 2/69 samples) in NICU patients and NICU environmental samples (in 5/114 samples). Reads from all samples were mapped to a hybrid assembly of a local sterile site strain, forming a complete UK NRCS-A reference genome, for outbreak analysis and comparison with 826 other <i>S. capitis</i> from the UK and Germany.<b>Results.</b> <i>S. capitis</i> bacteraemia was associated with increased length of NICU stay at sampling (median day 22 vs day 12 for other CoNS isolated; <i>P</i>=0.05). A phylogeny of sequenced <i>S. capitis</i> revealed a cluster comprised of 25/27 neonatal sterile site isolates and 3/5 superficial, 2/2 rectal and 1/5 environmental isolates. No isolates from other wards belonged to this cluster. Phylogenetic comparison with published sequences confirmed that the cluster was NRCS-A outbreak strain but found a relatively high genomic diversity (mean pairwise distance of 84.9 SNPs) and an estimated NRCS-A <i>S. capitis</i> molecular clock of 5.1 SNPs/genome/year (95% credibility interval 4.3-5.9). The presence of <i>S. capitis</i> in superficial cultures did not correlate with neonatal bacteraemia, but both neonates with rectal NRCS-A <i>S. capitis</i> carriage identified also experienced <i>S. capitis</i> bacteraemia.<b>Conclusions.</b> <i>S. capitis</i> bacteraemia occurred in patients with longer NICU admission than other CoNS. Genomic analysis confirms clinically significant infections with the NRCS-A <i>S. capitis</i> strain, distinct from non-NICU clinical samples. Multiple introductions of <i>S. capitis</i>, rather than prolonged environmental persistence, were seen over 5 years of infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11706212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Shigella sonnei</i> and <i>Shigella flexneri</i> infection in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> led to species-specific regulatory responses in the host and pathogen.","authors":"Bao Chi Wong, Hock Siew Tan","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001339","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, <i>Shigella sonnei</i> has surpassed <i>Shigella flexneri</i> as the leading cause of shigellosis, possibly due to species-specific differences in their transcriptomic responses. This study used dual RNA sequencing to analyse the transcriptomic responses of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and the two <i>Shigella</i> species at early (10 minutes) and late (24 hours) stages of infection. While the nematode defence response was downregulated during both <i>Shigella</i> infections, only infection by <i>S. sonnei</i> led to downregulation of sphingolipid metabolism, cadmium ion response and xenobiotic response in <i>C. elegans</i>. Furthermore, <i>S. sonnei</i> upregulates biofilm formation and energy generation/conservation during infection, acid resistance-related genes and biofilm regulators compared to <i>S. flexneri</i>. These findings highlight species-specific responses during <i>C. elegans</i> infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of nationwide analysis surveillance for methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> within Genomic Medicine Sweden.","authors":"Erika Tång Hallbäck, Jonas T Björkman, Fredrik Dyrkell, Jenny Welander, Hong Fang, Isak Sylvin, Ren Kaden, Hinnerk Eilers, Anna Söderlund Strand, Sara Mernelius, Linda Berglind, Amaya Campillay Lagos, Lars Engstrand, Per Sikora, Paula Mölling","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001331","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> National epidemiological investigations of microbial infections greatly benefit from the increased information gained by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in combination with standardized approaches for data sharing and analysis.<b>Aim.</b> To evaluate the quality and accuracy of WGS data generated by different laboratories but analysed by joint pipelines to reach a national surveillance approach.<b>Methods.</b> A national methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) collection of 20 strains was distributed to nine participating laboratories that performed in-house procedures for WGS. Raw data were shared and analysed by three pipelines: 1928 Diagnostics, JASEN (GMS pipeline) and CLC-Genomics Workbench. The outcomes were compared according to quality, correct strain identification and genetic distances.<b>Results.</b> One isolate contained intraspecies contamination and was excluded from further analysis. The mean sequencing depth varied between sites and technologies. However, all analysis methods identified 12 strains that belonged to one of five outbreak clusters. The cut-off definition was set to <10 allele differences for core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and <20 genetic differences for SNP analysis in a pairwise comparison.<b>Conclusions.</b> MRSA isolates, which are whole genome sequenced by different laboratories and analysed using the same bioinformatic pipelines, yielded comparable results for outbreak clustering for both cgMLST and SNP, using the 1928 analysis pipeline. In this study, JASEN was best suited to analyse Illumina data and CLC to analyse within respective technology. In the future, real-time sharing of data and harmonized analysis within the Genomic Medicine Sweden consortium will further facilitate investigations of outbreaks and transmission routes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution and spread of <i>Xanthomonas citri</i> subsp. <i>citri</i> in the São Paulo, Brazil, citrus belt inferred from 758 novel genomes.","authors":"Caio Felipe Cavicchia Zamunér, Dennis Carhuaricra-Huaman, Roobinidevi Ragupathy, James Redfern, Carmen L Rodriguez-Cueva, Franklin Behlau, Mark C Enright, Henrique Ferreira, João C Setubal","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001338","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The São Paulo state citrus belt in Brazil is a major citrus production region. Since at least 1957, citrus plantations in this region have been affected by citrus canker, an economically damaging disease caused by <i>Xanthomonas citri</i> subsp. <i>citri</i> (<i>Xcc</i>). For about 50 years, until 2017, a citrus canker eradication programme was carried out in this region. In this work, our aim was to investigate the effects of the eradication programme on genetic variability and evolution of <i>Xcc</i>. To this end, we sequenced and analysed 758 <i>Xcc</i> genomes sampled in the São Paulo citrus belt, together with 730 publicly available <i>Xcc</i> genomes from around the world. Our phylogenomic analyses show that these genomes can be grouped into seven major lineages and that in São Paulo, lineage L7 is dominant. Our time estimate for its appearance closely matches the date when citrus production expanded. L7 can be subdivided into lineages L7.1 and L7.2. In our samples, L7.2, which we estimate to have emerged around 1964, is by far the most abundant, showing that the eradication programme had little impact on strain diversification. On the other hand, oscillations in the estimated effective population size of L7.2 strains over time closely match the shifts in the eradication programme. In sum, we present a detailed view of the genomic diversity of <i>Xcc</i> in the world and in São Paulo, the largest such effort in terms of a number of genomes for a crop pathogen undertaken so far. The methods employed here can form the basis for active genomic surveillance of <i>Xcc</i> in major citrus production areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological insights into the microbiology of food using metagenomics and its potential surveillance applications.","authors":"Samuel J Bloomfield, Falk Hildebrand, Aldert L Zomer, Raphaëlle Palau, Alison E Mather","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001337","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A diverse array of micro-organisms can be found on food, including those that are pathogenic or resistant to antimicrobial drugs. Metagenomics involves extracting and sequencing the DNA of all micro-organisms on a sample, and here, we used a combination of culture and culture-independent approaches to investigate the microbial ecology of food to assess the potential application of metagenomics for the microbial surveillance of food. We cultured common foodborne pathogens and other organisms including <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella/Raoultella</i> spp., <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and <i>Vibrio</i> spp. from five different food commodities and compared their genomes to the microbial communities obtained by metagenomic sequencing following host (food) DNA depletion. The microbial populations of retail food were found to be predominated by psychrotrophic bacteria, driven by the cool temperatures in which the food products are stored. Pathogens accounted for a small percentage of the food metagenome compared to the psychrotrophic bacteria, and cultured pathogens were inconsistently identified in the metagenome data. The microbial composition of food varied amongst different commodities, and metagenomics was able to classify the taxonomic origin of 59% of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) found on food to the genus level, but it was unclear what percentage of ARGs were associated with mobile genetic elements and thus transferable to other bacteria. Metagenomics may be used to survey the ARG burden, composition and carriage on foods to which consumers are exposed. However, food metagenomics, even after depleting host DNA, inconsistently identifies pathogens without enrichment or further bait capture.</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> from humans and a river in Aotearoa New Zealand.","authors":"Holly A Gray, Patrick J Biggs, Anne C Midwinter, Lynn E Rogers, Ahmed Fayaz, Rukhshana N Akhter, Sara A Burgess","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001341","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Aotearoa New Zealand, urinary tract infections in humans are commonly caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i>. This group of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are often multidrug resistant. However, there is limited information on ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> found in the environment and their link with human clinical isolates. In this study, we examined the genetic relationship between environmental and human clinical ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> and isolates collected in parallel within the same area over 14 months. Environmental samples were collected from treated effluent, stormwater and multiple locations along an Aotearoa New Zealand river. Treated effluent, stormwater and river water sourced downstream of the treated effluent outlet were the main samples that were positive for ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> (7/14 samples, 50.0%; 3/6 samples, 50%; and 15/28 samples, 54%, respectively). Whole-genome sequence comparison was carried out on 307 human clinical and 45 environmental ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates. Sequence type 131 was dominant for both clinical (147/307, 47.9%) and environmental isolates (11/45, 24.4%). Only one ESBL gene was detected in each isolate. Among the clinical isolates, the most prevalent ESBL genes were <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-27 (134/307, 43.6%) and <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-15 (134/307, 43.6%). Among the environmental isolates, <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-15 (28/45, 62.2%) was the most prevalent gene. A core SNP analysis of these isolates suggested that some strains were shared between humans and the local river. These results highlight the importance of understanding different transmission pathways for the spread of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-toxigenic cases of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> in Spain from 2012 to 2022.","authors":"Camille Jacqueline, Sergio Román Soto, Silvia Herrera-Leon","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001315","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-toxigenic non-O1/non-O139 <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> (NVC) isolates are associated with diarrhoeal disease globally. NVC-related infections are on the rise, representing one of the most striking examples of emerging human diseases linked to climate change. This study aims to give a better picture of the evolution of NCV incidence in Spain from 2012 to 2022. In this context, we realized a descriptive analysis and a logistic regression using the isolates submitted to the National Center of Microbiology (NCM) during this period. To elucidate the heterogeneity of sporadic clinical strains of NVC among patients residing in Spain, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a selection of isolates. First, we observed an increase in the number of isolates sent to the NCM after 2019, which was not concomitant to a change in the national surveillance protocol. Furthermore, the number of cases and hospitalizations increased with age. Second, we found a high diversity of NVC strains, which suggested that the usefulness of WGS studies might be limited in waterborne outbreak situations to find the infectious source. Finally, we characterized the genetic determinants responsible for antimicrobial resistance and virulence and found that 21% of the isolates were resistant to <i>β</i>-lactamases. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first in Spain to report genomic data on non-toxigenic cases at the national level. Because of the high percentage of hospitalization observed for NVC cases (40%), it might be beneficial to test for <i>V. cholerae</i> in all the suspected cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"10 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Towards quantifying plasmid similarity.","authors":"William Matlock, Liam P Shaw, Samuel K Sheppard, Edward Feil","doi":"10.1099/mgen.0.001329","DOIUrl":"10.1099/mgen.0.001329","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18487,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Genomics","volume":"10 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}