Current Chinese Science最新文献

{"title":"TBAB in One-pot Green Approach for the Synthesis of N-Heterocyclic Compounds: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Bhaktisudha Sahu, Monika Verma, Ajay Thakur, Ruchi Bharti, Renu Sharma","doi":"10.2174/0122102981233465230920154404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122102981233465230920154404","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Designing innovative one-pot reactions using eco-friendly methodologies has attracted a lot of attention in drug development, organic synthesis, and material sciences due to the impressive art of mitigating the possibility of side reactions, particularly for the synthesis of Ncontaining heterocycles, which are crucial for the manufacturing and development of new drugs. These moieties have demonstrated a diversity of biological applications, such as anti-tumor, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. Due to the wide range of medicinal applications, several techniques have been reported in the literature for the synthesis of these physiologically important scaffolds, employing different homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. One such highly efficient catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), which has gained significant attention as an efficient metal-free homogeneous phase-transfer catalyst to facilitate a reaction when the reactants are in different phases. It is also used as a zwitterionic solvent in many organic transformations and as an effective co-catalyst for a variety of coupling reactions. In the current study, we highlighted recent developments in one-pot reactions involving TBAB as a phase-transfer catalyst or zwitterionic solvent for the efficient synthesis of various biologically promising monocyclic and bicyclic N-heterocycle scaffolds.","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136360304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Capsule Thickness and Material Properties on the Central Optical Power of Natural Human Lens","authors":"Reza Kakavand, Amin Komeili","doi":"10.2174/0122102981262107230921100027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122102981262107230921100027","url":null,"abstract":"Background:: A thin membrane capsule covers the eye lens and links the lens and the applied forces by the ciliary muscles. The capsule converts the tension of the concentrated zonules to distributed surface tractions over the cortex surface during the lens accommodation. The gradual changes of the capsule geometry and material properties with age and its important role in the design of intraocular lens implants were the motivation of extensive researches on describing the capsule biomechanical behavior. background: A thin membrane capsule covers the eye lens and links the lens and the applied forces by the ciliary muscles. The capsule converts the tension of the concentrated zonules to distributed surface tractions over the cortex surface during the lens accommodation. The gradual changes of the capsule geometry and material properties with age, and its important role in the design of intraocular lens implants were the motivation of extensive researches on describing the capsule biomechanical behavior. Aim:: The present work aimed to study the lens accommodation response to different capsule thicknesses and material properties at different ages. Material and Method: A material and geometry parametric study was performed, drawing some guidelines on the choice of lens capsule thickness and biaxial/uniaxial material parameters and exploring the response sensitivity of the finite element model at different age groups. method: The 16-, 35- and 48-year-old lenses were considered for lens accommodation simulation. A material and geometry parametric study was performed, drawing some guidelines on the choice of lens capsule thickness and biaxial/uniaxial material parameters, and exploring the response sensitivity of the finite element model at different age groups. The lens was stretched through zonules, and corresponding absolute changes in central optical power (COP) were measured. Result:: The 16-, 35- and 48-year-old lenses were considered for lens accommodation simulation. The sensitivity of lens accommodation was studied at each age group by considering constant thickness (cnst-t) and variable thickness (var-t) capsules and biaxial (Biax) and uniaxial (Uniax) material characteristics tests. The lens was stretched through zonules, and corresponding absolute changes in central optical power (COP) were measured. result: After the stretch, the lens anterior and posterior curvatures increased, producing a change in COP. The Biax models underestimated the ΔCOP compared to the Uniax models. Conclusion:: After the stretch, the lens anterior and posterior curvatures increased, producing a change in COP. The Biax models underestimated the ΔCOP compared to the Uniax models. The 16-year lens model was more sensitive to material properties than thickness variation, while thickness variation was more relevant to the ΔCOP of the 35-year lens model. The 48-year model had the least sensitivity to capsule thickness and material property variations. other: It was hypo","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distant Supervision-based Relation Extraction for Literature-Related Biomedical Knowledge Graph Construction","authors":"Rui Hua, Zixin Shu, Dengying Yan, Kuo Yang, Xinyan Wang, Chuang Cheng, Xuezhong Zhou, Qiang Zhu","doi":"10.2174/0122102981269053230921074451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122102981269053230921074451","url":null,"abstract":"Background:: The task of relation extraction is a crucial component in the construction of a knowledge graph. However, it often necessitates a significant amount of manual annotation, which can be time-consuming and expensive. Distant supervision, as a technique, seeks to mitigate this challenge by generating a large volume of pseudo-training data at a minimal cost, achieved by mapping triple facts onto the raw text. Objective:: The aim of this study is to explore the novelty and potential of the distant supervisionbased relation extraction approach. By leveraging this innovative method, we aim to enhance knowledge reliability and facilitate new knowledge discovery, establishing associations between knowledge from specific biomedical data or existing knowledge graphs and literature. Method:: This study presents a methodology to construct a biomedical knowledge graph employing distant supervision techniques. Through establishing links between knowledge entities and relevant literature sources, we methodically extract and integrate information, thereby expanding and enriching the knowledge graph. This study identified five types of biomedical entities (e.g., diseases, symptoms and genes) and four kinds of relationships. These were linked to PubMed literature and divided into training and testing datasets. To mitigate data noise, the training set underwent preprocessing, while the testing set was manually curated. method: This study introduces a methodology for constructing a biomedical knowledge graph using distant supervision techniques. By establishing connections between knowledge entities and relevant literature sources, we systematically extract and integrate information to expand and enrich the knowledge graph. Results:: In our research, we successfully associated 230,698 triples from the existing knowledge graph with relevant literature. Furthermore, we identified additional 205,148 new triples directly sourced from these studies. Conclusion:: Our study markedly advances the field of biomedical knowledge graph enrichment, particularly in the context of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). By validating a substantial number of triples through literature associations and uncovering over 200,000 new triples, we have made a significant stride in promoting the development of evidence-based medicine in TCM. The results underscore the potential of using a distant supervision-based relation extraction approach to both validate and expand knowledge bases, contributing to the broader progression of evidence-based practices in the realm of TCM. other: Keywords: Relation extraction, knowledge graph, distant supervision, named entity recognition, literature, biomedical knowledge graph.","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the Honorary Senior Advisor","authors":"Ping Cheng","doi":"10.2174/221029810305231006160014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/221029810305231006160014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135762447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The East-West Difference","authors":"Maple Ye Feng, Stephen L. Chan","doi":"10.2174/2210298103666230912143208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210298103666230912143208","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly prevalent, which contributes to the high disease burden worldwide. It was recognized as the sixth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of mortality in cancer patients in the Global Cancer Statistics 2018. The management of HCC between eastern and western countries varies from region to region due to the different epidemiology of HCC and the approach of clinicians. Over the past decades, the multidisciplinary team approach has taken a leading role in the therapeutic paradigm of HCC, and the main treatment options include, but are not limited to 1) surgical resection; 2) transarterial chemoembolization (TACE); and 3) systemic therapies. Among these, surgical resection and TACE are applicable in early-intermediate stage HCC with curative intent, while systemic therapies are mostly applied to advanced unresectable HCC. An individualized approach should be encouraged and tailored for each patient, taking into account the different patient population, staging, and treatment responses to achieve the best efficacy. This review discusses current advances and compares the eastern and western treatment options in the management of HCC.","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135885270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Genetics and Surgical Interventions for the management of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations (CMM)","authors":"Anjali Patel, Daisy Valle, A. Nguyen, E. Molina, B. Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.2174/2210298103666230823094431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210298103666230823094431","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are comprised of tissue matter within the brain possessing anomalous vascular architecture. In totality, the dilated appearance of the cavernoma takes on a mulberry-like shape contributed by the shape and relation to vascular and capillary\u0000elements. Analyzing its pathophysiology along with its molecular and genetic pathways plays a vital role in whether or not a patient receives GKRS, medical management, or Surgery, the most invasive of procedures. To avoid neurological trauma, microsurgical resection of cavernomas can be guided by the novel clinical application of a 3D Slicer with Sina/MosoCam. When cavernomas present in deep lesions with poor accessibility, gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSR) is recommended. For asymptomatic and non-multilobal lesions, medical and symptom management is deemed standard, such as antiepileptic therapy. The two-hit hypothesis serves to explain the mutations in three key genes that are most pertinent to the progression of cavernomas: CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2/Malcavernin, and CCM3/PDCD10. Various exon deletions and frameshift mutations can cause dysfunction in vascular structure through loss and gain of function mutations. MEKK3 and KLF2/4 are involved in a protein kinase signaling cycle that promotes abnormal angiogenesis and cavernoma formation. In terms of potential treatments, RhoKinase inhibitors have shown to decrease endothelial to mesenchymal transition and CCM lesion development in mice models. All in all, understanding the research behind the molecular genetics in CCMs can foster personalized medicine and potentially create new neurosurgical and medicative treatments.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115902874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal importance and pharmacological activity of daturaolone: An active phytochemical of Pentacyclic triterpenoid class","authors":"D. Patel","doi":"10.2174/2210298103666230821144335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210298103666230821144335","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130384662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superhydrophobic graphene-based materials","authors":"M. Selim, A. Haggar, Xiang Chen, Zhifeng Hao, M. Ayoub, Weijian Wu","doi":"10.2174/2210298103666230821150858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210298103666230821150858","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000International attention has been directed toward superhydrophobic nanocomposite coatings for a great variety of industrial applications. Nowadays, graphene-based self-cleaning coatings represent the most important examination arenas. This study reviews the superhydrophobicity fundamentals, graphene-based nanocomposite fabrication and applications for self-cleaning surfaces. These efforts have stimulated the modeling of recently structured surfaces via a micro-nano binary system. The controlled preparation of nanoscale orientation, configuration, arrangement, and direction along the architectural composite building blocks would result in air-entrapping capacity along the surface grooves. Polymer/graphene nanocomposites with novel and intriguing designs have offered efficient self-cleaning surfaces. These nano-surfaces have a rough structure, low surface free energy, and are hydrophobic materials. To improve the self-cleaning ability, several graphene/inorganic nanofiller hybrids are dispersed in polymeric resins. The review covered the creation of graphene compounds, interactions with polymers, and uses of the resulting nanocomposites. It highlights the efficacy of controlling the nanostructured design mechanisms for self-cleaning applications. The applications of superhydrophobic materials developed using graphene-related nanocomposites for self-cleaning marine antifouling surfaces are the focus of this study. Stability, as well as long-standing durability, represents vital advantages for developing eco-friendly superhydrophobic alternatives. This review concludes with a discussion of the field's current and future advancements. It is expected to serve as a cutting-edge research hub for the creation of a durable and sustainable self-cleaning coating.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121534073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Active Compounds of Pueraria Lobata and their Mechanisms of Action by LC-MS/MS and Network Pharmacology","authors":"Dongmin Cao, Tao Liu","doi":"10.2174/2210298103666230816090702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210298103666230816090702","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Recent studies have shown that osteoporosis has become a global public health problem and PL is a potential medicine for treatment of osteoporosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study describes a rapid method of detecting and identifying the constituents and systematic mechanism of PL based on LC–MS and network pharmacology.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We explored the compounds and possible pathways of PL affecting the pathological process of osteoporosis base on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS metabolomics.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 48 compounds including 38 isoflavones, 6 puerosides and 4 others were identified by UHPLC-Q Exactive-Orbitrap MS. The network pharmacological analysis revealed that 28 compounds regulated 19 pathways through 27 targets, including estrogen signaling pathway and NF-kappa B signaling pathway, etc.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000PL may attenuate osteoporosis by regulating estrogen signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathwayand be a potential source of functional food for prevention of osteoporosis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126855716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amphiphilic copolymer-based pesticide nanoformulations for better crop protection: advances and future need","authors":"D. Sarkar, Kumelachew Mulu Loha, T. Adak, Parshant Kaushik, P. Koli, S. Majumder, Dinesh Kumar Yadav, Arnab Roy Chowdhury, A. Kumari, Braj Bhusan Singh, Virendra Singh Rana, J. Kumar, Najam Akhtar Shakil","doi":"10.2174/2210298103666230809154449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210298103666230809154449","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Amphiphilic copolymers (ACPs) are widely recognized due to their self-organizing micellar characteristics in an aqueous medium and their extensive application potential in bioactive molecule delivery. However, their use in agriculture is still limited with some scattered research studies, especially on the delivery of pesticides for crop protection. Hence, the present study comprehensively summarizes these research findings mainly focusing on synthesis, self-assembly, and release properties of pesticide nanoformulations prepared using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based ACPs. PEG-based ACPs are synthesized using linker molecules through a simple esterification reaction in the presence of an acid catalyst or an enzyme. However, multistep reactions are noticed in the synthesis of ACPs employing biopolymers, like chitosan-based ACPs. On spontaneous emulsification, ACPs develop nanomicelles (~10-300 nm), and their micellar characteristics are highly dependent on the nature of the blocks. The polymeric micellar barrier of ACPs also leads to the slow release of entrapped pesticide molecules from these nanomicelles with diffusion as the dominant release mechanism. Hence, the field appraisal of these ACPs-based pesticide nanoformulations has shown reduced pesticide doses as compared to the conventional formulations. However, despite these stated advantages, ACPs-based pesticide nanoformulations are yet to reach their full potential, which might be due to several key researchable gaps, like a lack of ACPs with high pesticide loading capacity, lack of biosafety data, environmental fate details, etc. The use of ACPs is still gaining pace in formulating pesticides and being proven as a smart material for targeted pesticide delivery to attain sustainable agriculture with a promise to reduce environmental hazards due to pesticide application.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184819,"journal":{"name":"Current Chinese Science","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122085071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}