{"title":"Characterizations of Epicurean Atomism","authors":"Matthew Gorey","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197518748.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197518748.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter relates the history of atomism from Democritus to Lucretius and provides a survey of major opponents of atomism from Aristotle to Cicero, the latter of whom provides valuable evidence for Hellenistic responses to atomism. Early Epicureans, including Epicurus himself, were suspicious of figurative language. In contrast, opponents of atomism, most notably Cicero, made frequent use of tendentious metaphors and analogies to associate atomic physics with the disorder of rioting crowds and failed states. It is likely that Virgil adopted his own negative attitude toward atomic imagery in the Aeneid, where atomic motion symbolizes political and cosmic disorder, from these earlier anti-atomist writers.","PeriodicalId":184720,"journal":{"name":"Atomism in the Aeneid","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126039935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Atomism and the Worldview of the Aeneid","authors":"Matthew Gorey","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197518748.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197518748.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the findings of the various chapters, noting that, by the end of the Aeneid, the putative disorder of atomism yields, on the whole, to Roman rule and a divinely organized cosmos. It argues that this conclusion reveals an important preference for teleology and hierarchy in the world of the poem, which is starkly opposed to the worldview of Epicurean atomism. In terms of Virgil’s biography, the poem’s endorsement of an anti-atomist perspective also indicates a level of intellectual seriousness to his philosophical allusions beyond what is often supposed for the Aeneid. Last, the chapter calls for further study of anti-atomist discourse in authors after Virgil, noting similar treatments of atomism as a symbol of disorder in later periods of Greek and Roman literature.","PeriodicalId":184720,"journal":{"name":"Atomism in the Aeneid","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130651990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-Trojans under the Influence of Atomism (Epic Losers)","authors":"Matthew Gorey","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197518748.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197518748.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines scenes in the Aeneid in which non-Trojan characters are associated with atomism and atomic imagery. It argues that prominent non-Trojan antagonists are described in atomistic terms in order to associate their opposition to the Trojans with the chaotic, non-purposeful motion of atoms. Lucretian atomic imagery appears in the description of Dido’s death at the end of Book 4, and in the fighting that takes place in the Italian countryside in Book 10, including Turnus’ removal from the battlefield by Juno and Mezentius’ defeat by Aeneas. By depicting the defeat of these characters with the language of atomic phenomena, Virgil aligns the enemies of Rome’s historical and imperial teleology with an Epicurean cosmology that is similarly opposed to narratives of fate and fixed authority, both national and divine.","PeriodicalId":184720,"journal":{"name":"Atomism in the Aeneid","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131119765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}