Marine environmental research最新文献

{"title":"On the nocturnal emergence of reef-dwelling urchins: continental-scale patterns and correlates","authors":"Tyson R. Jones,&nbsp;Graham J. Edgar,&nbsp;Sterling B. Tebbett,&nbsp;Lara Denis-Roy,&nbsp;Scott D. Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sea urchins are renowned for their capacity to shape shallow reef community structure and function, especially when at high densities. However, most quantitative assessments of urchin densities are based on diurnal surveys, despite the nocturnal emergence of urchins being a well-recognised phenomenon. The value of such diurnal density estimates is, therefore, inherently dependent on the extent of nocturnal urchin emergence and the consistency of this diel behaviour under different contexts. Yet, our understanding of nocturnal urchin emergence under different local conditions at broad scales including between tropical and temperate reefs, remains largely unresolved. Here, we evaluate the extent of nocturnal urchin emergence, and assess how this varied with potential predictors, using paired day and night surveys across a total of 42 reef sites spanning tropical (n = 23) and temperate (n = 19) Australia. Among kelp-dominated temperate rocky reefs, urchin densities and biomass were ∼7-8-fold greater than observed on tropical coral reefs. Regardless of realm, urchin densities and biomass were consistently higher at night, with tropical reefs showing the greatest diel differences (3.5-fold higher density and 3.0-fold higher biomass) compared to temperate reefs (1.4-fold and 1.7-fold, respectively). Gradient Boosted Regression Trees revealed that mean sea surface temperature (SST) was the strongest predictor of the relative extent of nocturnal urchin emergence, with higher relative emergence on reefs with warmer SST, corresponding with strong patterns in nocturnal emergence peaking toward equatorial latitudes. Our findings show that daytime surveys likely greatly underestimate urchin activity, population size, and ecological impacts, particularly on tropical reefs, with important consequences for reef monitoring and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107883"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146064421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional dynamics of fish assemblages in a tropical estuary during different phases of El Niño‒Southern Oscillation","authors":"Rayssa Soares da Silva Rodrigues,&nbsp;e André Luiz Machado Pessanha","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change has increased the frequency and intensity of El Niño‒Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, which are climate phenomena involving fluctuations in surface temperatures, wind speed, and rainfall patterns across the globe. These changes affect estuarine fish communities by modifying hydrological cycles and environmental conditions such as salinity and freshwater flow, thereby influencing community composition and functional diversity. Analyzing functional diversity is therefore essential to understanding ecosystem resilience to climate change and anticipating the growing impacts of ENSO. Since ENSO effects vary by phase and geographic location, this study examined how different ENSO phases influenced the functional dynamics of the fish community in the Mamanguape River estuary in northeastern Brazil, using data collected from 2011 to 2016. In terms of environmental conditions, there was a peak in precipitation during the first year of <em>La Niña</em>, followed by the subsequent dry years, with the neutral and <em>El Niño</em> periods being more similar. However, the <em>La Niña</em> phenomenon of 2011 was atypical, with below-average rainfall, and occurred in the middle of a prolonged period of drought that began in the late 1990s, which may have influenced the functional response of the fish community. Unexpectedly, functional redundancy values remained low throughout all ENSO phases, highlighting possible functional vulnerability. The functional diversity of this ecosystem may be maintained because of species complementarity and compensatory effects. These results highlight the importance of analyzing the influence of ENSO in estuaries with different climatic characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107855"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146166015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effects of copper exposure and predation risk in five coastal copepods","authors":"Solveig Brochmann ,&nbsp;Jan Heuschele ,&nbsp;Torben Lode ,&nbsp;Tjalling Jager ,&nbsp;Josefin Titelman ,&nbsp;Katrine Borgå","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural stressors, including predation risk, can affect the response of organisms to anthropogenic contamination. Copper, used as an antifouling agent, can affect non-target organisms. We tested for effects of excess copper on survival with and without predator cues in five species of coastal copepods. We exposed adult copepods to four copper concentrations (0–1350 μg L⁻¹, 48h) on an automated imaging platform and analysed the data using the reduced General Unified Threshold model for Survival (GUTS) to detect potential species differences in underlying toxico-kinetics and -dynamics. Calanoid copepods had elevated mortality during early copper exposure compared to a harpacticoid and a cyclopoid species. Species-specific dominant rate constants, which represents the time it takes for damage to reach a steady state, best explained the time-dependent toxicity. Over time, most predicted mortalities converged to a similar level regardless of species. Predation risk reduced mortality at the intermediate copper concentration, potentially explained by reduced copper bioavailability by binding of copper to kairomone molecules, or other intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Models like GUTS can reveal the underlying toxicity mechanisms and improve toxicity predictions in a multi-stressor world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the ecological role of Nemopilema nomurai as an energy transfer pathway through Ecopath with Ecosim: A case study in the offshore area adjacent to the Changjiang River estuary","authors":"Dongjie Guo ,&nbsp;Fang Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengpeng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhimeng Zhuang ,&nbsp;Ling Zhu ,&nbsp;Song Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past few decades, the offshore area adjacent to the Changjiang River Estuary (CE), an important fishing ground, has emerged as a hotspot for blooms of large jellyfish <em>Nemopilema nomurai</em>. However, comprehensive and quantitative understanding of the impact of <em>N. nomurai</em> on energy flow and important commercial fisheries within the ecosystem, from an ecosystem-based perspective, remains limited. This study employed six mass-balanced models using Ecopath with Ecosim to investigate the ecological role of <em>N. nomurai</em> as an energy transfer pathway within the food web, treating it as a separate functional group. <em>Nemopilema nomurai</em> was dominant in the combined energy consumption of fishery species and <em>N. nomurai,</em> and consumed a larger proportion of zooplankton production compared to fishery species, serving as an energy loss pathway with minimal production transferred to higher trophic levels. Additionally, scenario analyses revealed that fluctuations in <em>N. nomurai</em> population size had a significant impact on other functional groups owing to direct or indirect competition for food resources. This study provided valuable insights into the ecological role of jellyfish and their impact across various marine ecosystems worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107900"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146157801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Nandu River Estuary, Hainan Island","authors":"Jiang-Wei Miao ,&nbsp;Zhang-Min Jiang ,&nbsp;Peng-Fei Xie ,&nbsp;Jia-Xing He ,&nbsp;Jia Xie ,&nbsp;Hai-Long Zhou ,&nbsp;Ling-Mo ,&nbsp;Shi-Quan Chen ,&nbsp;Tuan-Tuan Wang ,&nbsp;Sai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), known for their toxicity, persistence, and long-range transport potential, are receiving increasing attention worldwide. The Nandu River, the largest river on Hainan Island, is currently facing PFAS pollution, as its estuary is inevitably affected by cumulative upstream input. Moreover, the Nandu River Estuary is affected by wastewater discharge from nearby wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, the pollution status and ecological risk of PFASs in the Nandu River Estuary and WWTPs have not been reported. In this study, the pollution status, spatial distribution, and ecological risk of PFASs in the Nandu River Estuary and WWTPs were investigated. The total concentrations of 25 PFASs (∑PFASs) ranged from 63.82 to 104.51 ng/L and 7.09–18.68 ng/g dry weight (dw) in the water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) of WWTP wastewater, respectively. In the estuary, the concentrations of ∑PFASs ranged from 19.79 to 68.57 ng/L, 7.82–31.11 ng/g dw, and 0.26–3.28 ng/g dw in the dissolved aqueous phase, SPM, and sediment, respectively. 6:2 FTS and PFOA were the major PFASs detected in water (54.8%-96.9%), SPM (43.7%-88.6%), and sediment (27.2%-97.9%) from the estuary and the WWTP. The spatial distributions of ∑PFASs followed the order of WWTP (N27–N31, 63.82–104.51 ng/L) &gt; inner estuary (N1–N7, 28.12–52.44 ng/L) ≈ outer estuary (N8–N26, 19.79–68.57 ng/L) in the water samples and followed the order of inner estuary (N1–N7, 11.71–31.11 ng/L) &gt; outer estuary (N8–N26, 7.82–22.97 ng/L) &gt; WWTP (N27–N31, 7.20–18.68 ng/L) in SPM. The 6:2 FTS in the Nandu River Estuary originated primarily from the nearby WWTP. The SPM–water partition coefficients (Log<em>K</em>_d-spm) and sediment–water partition coefficients (Log<em>K</em>_d-sediment) of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) increased with increasing carbon chain length. Ecological risk assessment revealed that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFAS mixtures in the dissolved aqueous phase posed low risk and low–medium risk, respectively, at all the sampling sites. The findings of the present study reveal the environmental fate of PFASs in the Nandu River Estuary and nearby WWTP, providing critical data support for the formulation of pollution control and management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107907"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rainstorm regulates phosphorus composition and migration along an ecological continuum of mudflat-mangrove-creek","authors":"Yuchen Wu ,&nbsp;Kai Xiao ,&nbsp;Feng Pan ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuena Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Yu ,&nbsp;Licong Zhang ,&nbsp;Hailong Li ,&nbsp;Pengbao Wu ,&nbsp;Guangxuan Han ,&nbsp;Chunmiao Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus is a critical factor that influences the eutrophication of nearshore seawater. With global climate change, how the increasing frequency of rainstorm events alter the phosphorus characteristics of coastal sediments remain unclear. This study found that rainstorm caused the accumulation of phosphorus in the tidal flat, and the concentration of total phosphorus (TP) increased from 505.18(344.92-1066.80) mg/kg to 759.04(378.18-2077.50) mg/kg. The exogenous input and endogenous transformation of phosphorus forms jointly let the increase in phosphorus content. The response process of each habitat to rainstorm is different. The enrichment of organic phosphorus increased the bioavailable phosphorus (BAP) content, leading to an increased risk of phosphorus pollution (BAP/TP in mudflats, from 38.83% to 46.08%; BAP/TP in tidal creeks, from 44.24% to 47.56%). However, in mangroves, biological disturbance alleviates pollution risks (BAP/TP from 44.92% to 40.36%). These findings enhanced understanding of the response of biogenic elements in coastal wetlands to extreme rainstorm events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107912"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of tetracycline exposure on microbial community structure, functions, and assembly in coastal bay sediments: evidence from a laboratory study","authors":"Shanshan Yang ,&nbsp;Xiang Wang ,&nbsp;Chenting Gu ,&nbsp;Yaqian Jiao ,&nbsp;Lian Ao","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacteria have a crucial role in the biogeochemical cycles of coastal bay ecosystems. However, Our understanding of the dynamic succession and interaction of bacterial communities under tetracycline (TC) stress is still lacking. In this research, we employed 16S rRNA gene amplification sequencing, network analysis, and normalized stochasticity ratio analysis (NST) to analyze the dynamic changes and assembly processes of bacterial communities and their functions in coastal bay sediments under different TC concentrations over exposure time. The results indicated that the variation in diversity, structure, and taxonomic composition of bacterial communities was more strongly influenced by exposure time than by changes in concentration. The diversity of the bacterial community increased linearly with exposure time. Moreover, as exposure time increased, the functional capabilities of the bacterial community underwent significant changes. The community structure became more complex, with the 30-day network exhibiting the highest number of nodes, the highest average degree (Avgk), greater graph density (GD), and the lowest average path length. Robustness analysis showed that upon removal of certain nodes, the 30-day network maintained relatively high connectivity, indicating greater structural stability of the bacterial community at this stage. Additionally, the NST results suggested that the bacterial community assembly process shifted from deterministic to stochastic. These findings offer valuable insights for future research on microbial diversity in ecosystems under pollutant exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of antibiotic accumulation, degradation and ecological risk in typical mangrove ecosystems","authors":"Xiang Sun ,&nbsp;Xiang Huang ,&nbsp;Huan Li ,&nbsp;Chupan Tan ,&nbsp;Wanqi Lu ,&nbsp;Danyi Wei ,&nbsp;Wenhui Liao ,&nbsp;Jin Luo ,&nbsp;Yongze Xing ,&nbsp;Haitao Chen ,&nbsp;Ning Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangrove ecosystems, characterized by unique biogeochemical conditions, act as critical zones for intercepting and processing antibiotic contaminants. This study synthesizes existing research using bibliometric and meta-analysis to elucidate the mechanisms of antibiotic accumulation, degradation, and associated ecological risks in mangroves. A central finding from the meta-analysis is the lack of a significant difference in antibiotic concentrations between mangrove forests and adjacent intertidal mudflats, highlighting the complex balance between competing accumulation and degradation processes. The major points are the following: 1) Sediment properties (e.g., texture, organic matter) are primary drivers of antibiotic accumulation; 2) Specific bacterial taxa (e.g., <em>Proteobacteria</em>, <em>Achromobacter</em>) of mangroves mediate antibiotic biodegradation through enzymatic and co-metabolic pathways. The degradation efficiency is further modulated by environmental factors, including salinity, temperature, oxygen availability, moisture, and the presence of co-contaminants such as heavy metals and microplastics; 3) Antibiotic contamination disrupts essential ecological functions (e.g., carbon and nitrogen cycling, water purification) and promotes the propagation of ARGs within mangrove ecosystems, thereby triggering cascading ecological risks within mangrove ecosystems. This review underscores the need for stricter pollution control and calls for research on the combined effects of multiple contaminants to guide mangrove conservation and sustainable management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146113611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle assessment of diploid and triploid oyster farming: A case study in Zhanjiang, China","authors":"Hui Zhao ,&nbsp;Weixiong Bu ,&nbsp;Kai Tian ,&nbsp;Liqiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Chuangye Yang ,&nbsp;Jiangna Yang ,&nbsp;Liwei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growing pressure to mitigate the environmental impacts of food production systems has made the development of sustainable protein sources a priority at the global level. Oyster farming constitutes a pivotal component of the blue food system, yet, in China, the environmental impacts of this sector remain poorly characterized, primarily because of highly diversified farming practices and pronounced regional heterogeneity across the tropical coastal waters of the south. To fill the information gap, this study performed a “cradle to gate” life cycle assessment for two commercially dominant taxa farmed in the Zhanjiang region: the native <em>Crassostrea hongkongensis</em> and the introduced triploid <em>Crassostrea angulata</em>. Through field research on seven farming models, the study found that the carbon footprint of triploid <em>C. angulata</em> (89.04∼105.18 kg CO₂-eq t⁻¹) was lower than that of <em>C. hongkongensis</em> (133.85∼178.85 kg CO₂-eq t⁻¹). In terms of environmental impacts, polyurethane foam floats in <em>C. hongkongensis</em> farming were the primary source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (contributing 51.61%), freshwater eutrophication, marine eutrophication and water consumption, whereas the environmental impacts of triploid <em>C. angulata</em> were mainly driven by the seedling stage, diesel consumption, and float ball. Furthermore, on 1 kg protein basis, the GHG emissions of both oyster types (2.67∼9.00 kg CO₂-eq kg⁻¹) were significantly lower than those of traditional animal products such as beef and pork. Scenario analysis demonstrates that through the adoption of recycled plastic float barrels, extension of facility service life, and optimization of attachment substrates, the following maximum reduction potentials can be achieved across different environmental impact categories: 31.57% for global warming, 26.27% for terrestrial acidification, 58.72% for freshwater eutrophication, 95.05% for marine eutrophication, 6.07% for land use, and 65.99% for water consumption. These findings corroborate that <em>C. hongkongensis</em> and triploid <em>C. angulata</em> farming in the Zhanjiang coastal system constitutes a premium low environmental impacts protein source and can make a material contribution to low-carbon blue food production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107901"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electromagnetic fields from submarine power cables: A 35 Year synthesis of effects on aquatic biota","authors":"Elizabeth James ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Ghodsi ,&nbsp;Alex T. Ford","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Submarine power cables (SPCs) associated with offshore renewable energy developments emit electromagnetic fields (EMFs) that can influence aquatic biota. Although research on this topic has increased, a comprehensive, systematic synthesis of observed effects across taxa and life stages, and biological contexts has been lacking. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO ID: 1138188), we systematically reviewed peer-reviewed and grey literature published between 1990 and 2024. Of 1637 records screened, 67 eligible field and laboratory studies were included. Significant behavioural and physiological responses to EMF exposure were reported in 66% of studies, with early life stages (embryos, larvae, juveniles) and magnetosensitive taxa, particularly fishes and crustaceans being most frequently affected. Effects occurred even at environmentally relevant intensities (&lt;250 μT). Laboratory experiments more frequently detected effects than field studies, which were generally fewer, shorter in duration, and methodologically heterogeneous. Sensitivity heatmaps identified developmental stages and freshwater species as particularly sensitive, with notable taxonomic disparities. EMFs from SPCs can elicit ecologically relevant responses in aquatic biota, particularly during sensitive developmental windows and in magnetically responsive taxa. Emerging evidence further indicates that sex specific responses represent an important and previously under recognised dimension of EMF sensitivity. However, major uncertainties persist regarding chronic, population and ecosystem level impacts. Future research should prioritise standardisation of exposure characterisation and reporting, routine inclusion of sex and life stage as biological variables and coordinated laboratory to field validation. Integrating EMF considerations into marine spatial planning, environmental regulation, and biodiversity conservation frameworks will be essential to support proportionate ecological risk assessment and management of offshore renewable energy infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}