Malawi Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"The utilization of c-type natriuretic peptide levels on experimental muscle and kidney ischemia/reperfusion model.","authors":"Özlem Çakırköse, Uǧur Kesici, Sevgi Kesici, Mehmet Sipahi, Vehbi Yavuz Tokgöz, Gülname Fındık Güvendi, Esin Avcı, Tuǧba Mazlum Şen, Hanife Kara, Alptekin Tosun, Mustafa Nezihi Küçükarslan","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.8","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>C-type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) is the third natriuretic peptide (NP) identified from the nervous system and endothelial cells. CNP is believed to be produced locally in tubular cells and glomeruli of kidneys. We aim to determine the clinical value of CNP levels at lower extremity muscle ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), kidney I/R, and both I/R models and evaluate them in laboratory practices.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study is an original experimental study and was carried out on a total of 40 rats. (8-12 weeks and 321±69 gr). The rats were assigned into 5 groups, each containing 8 rats. CNP levels in the plasma were evaluated in the control group. CNP and muscle biopsies were held after ischemia/reperfusion from the left lower extremity in Group E and bilateral muscle ischemia/reperfusion in Group BE. CNP and renal biopsies were held after right nephrectomy+left renal I/R at Group R. CNP, muscle, and renal biopsies were held after right nefrectomy+left renal ischemia+bilateral renal ischemia in Group BER.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The plasma level of CNP in the control group was determined as 144.99±33.04 pg/ml. There was no significant difference between groups at plasma CNP levels in predicting ischemia. Although in terms of reperfusion between Control-Group E, Control-Group BER, Group E-Group BE, Group E-Group R, Group BE-Group BER, Group R-Group BER; statistical significance was determined (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that as a laboratory test, the endothelial-derived vasodilator CNP level cannot predict the location and degree of muscle and renal ischemia at the specified time. Similarly, the CNP level is valuable in evaluating adjunct muscle reperfusion to renal reperfusion. As a result, CNP levels may not be useful in predicting ischemia at a particular period, but they can be used to predict reperfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"220-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of in-service training on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacovigilance in Malawi: a cross-sectional mixed methods study.","authors":"Francis Chiumia, Nettie Dzabala, Anderson Ndalama, Cecelia Sambakunsi, Marie-Eve Raguenaud, Corinne Merle, Frider Chimimba","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.2","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reaction (ADRs) is low in Malawi. We assessed the impact of training intervention on knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health care professionals (HCPs) in pharmacovigilance (PV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a mixed-methods study design. A questionnaire was administered among HCPs who were trained in PV, followed by face-face interviews. We further extracted individual case safety reports which were submitted to the local databasewithin a period of six months prior and after the PV training. Quantitative data was analyzed using STATA 14.1. Paired t-test was used to assess the differences in PV knowledge among HCPs before and after the training. For qualitative data, we manually derived key themes from the participant's responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the mean knowledge score was significantly improved across all the participants from a mean of 56% (95% CI 53% to 58%) to 66% (95% CI 64% to 69%) after the training, p< 0.001. There was a 2.8-fold increase in the number of participants who were able to detect an ADR after the training and a 1.8-fold increase in the percentage of reporting the detected ADRs after the training. Participants expressed preference of a paper-based reporting system to other reporting tools. However, they outlined several challenges to the system which discourages HCPs from reporting ADRs, such as lack of feedback, unavailability of reporting forms and delay to transmit data to the national centre.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survey found that in-service training for HCPs improves KAP of PV and reporting rates of ADRs. We recommend widening of the training and introducing PV courses in undergraduate programs for health care workers in Malawi.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of routine image interpretation presentation for radiographers in the radiology department, Mzuzu Central Hospital.","authors":"Jin Shang, Blessed Kondowe, Tianze Sun, Hui Zhang, Fei Zhao","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.10","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>By establishing routine image interpretation presentation in the Radiology Department of Mzuzu Central Hospital (MCH), radiographers can conduct technical analysis and quality control of DR, CT among other medical imaging techniques used in clinical practice, which can effectively improve the overall level of radiographers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Formulate the general principles of radiographer image interpretation for the Radiology Department: (1) Select typical cases and special cases to analyze the examination methods and image standard interpretation; (2) Select cases that individuals have done relatively satisfactory or unsatisfactory, or even failed to analyze the lessons learned; (3) Select normal cases to identify important imaging anatomy and describe imaging manifestations, so as to improve the basic knowledge level of imaging diagnosis and the ability to interpret images. Secondly, establish an imaging technology reading system under the perspective of new media, and extend it to real-time discussion of technical issues in an online chat group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) Through image interpretation, the overall quality of radiographers have been significantly improved; (2) Through continuous learning of the imaging manifestations of typical cases, the level of imaging diagnosis can be effectively improved; (3) Find out the causes of some failed examinations, put forward rectification suggestions, and avoid mistakes again; (4) Special patients and special patients formulate personalized plans based on common practical experience to quickly complete the examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By establishing routine image interpretation presentations for radiographers and incorporating new media perspectives into image interpretation, we have observed higher levels of radiographer participation in learning discussions within technical groups. This approach has significantly improved the comprehensive business capabilities of radiographers and fostered greater unity within the technical team.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"234-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of prognostic indicator based on hypoxia-related lncRNAs analysis in lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Jiaojiao Zhang, Blessed Kondowe, Hui Zhang, Xinming Xie, Qiang Song, Bo Guo, Jin Shang","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.3","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There were no systematic studies about hypoxia-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) signatures to predict the survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Setting up matching hypoxia-related lncRNA signatures was necessary.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to establish hypoxia-related lncRNAs signatures and to seek new biomarkers to predict the prognosis of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database provided the expression profiles of lncRNAs that includes 535 lung adenocarcinoma samples. The coexpression network of lncRNAs and hypoxia-related different expression genes (DEGs) was utilized to select hypoxia-related lncRNAs. The lncRNAs were further screened using univariate Cox regression. In addition, Lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression were used to develop a hypoxia-related lncRNAs signature. A risk score based on the signature was established, and Cox regression was used to test if it was an independent prognostic factor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine prognostic hypoxia-related lncRNAs (LINC01150, AC010980.2, AL606489.1, AL034397.3, LINC00460, LINC02081, FAM83AAS1, AL365181.2, and AC026355.1) were identified to be significantly different, which made up a hypoxia-related lncRNAs signature. The high-risk group had shorter OS compared with the low-risk group (P = 3.329e - 09, log-rank test). A risk score based on the signature was a significantly independent factor for the patients with LUAD (HR = 1.449, 95% CI = 1.312 - 1.602, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nine hypoxia-related lncRNAs and their signature might be molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the patients with LUAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The correlation between children's health literacy level and healthy eating self-efficacy.","authors":"Necla Kasimoğlu, Nazan Gürarslan Baş","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.7","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The school environment provides an important opportunity for children and educators to develop health education and health literacy the ability to make rational health decisions and identify and determine factors that affect health. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between health literacy and eating self-efficacy levels of primary school students and the affecting factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted with 486 fourth graders studying in a primary school located in eastern Turkey between September 2021 and June 2022. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Personal Information Form, the Health Literacy for School-Age Children Scale (HLSAQ, and the Healthy Eating Self-Efficacy Scale for Children (HESES-C). Data were analyzed by number, percentage, mean, independent samples t-test, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Pearson's correlation tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The gender of the students and the education level of their mothers had a statistically significant correlation with their mean HESES-C and HLSAC scores scores (p<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the students' HLSAC and their HESES-C mean scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the findings of the study, the students had a moderate level of health literacy and a low level of healthy eating self-efficacy. There was a negative relationship between health literacy levels and healthy eating self-efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"213-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide in Malawi- another example of dispensability of men?","authors":"Adamson S Muula","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.1","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provision of sexual and reproductive health services to internally displaced women and refugees in Africa: a systematic review.","authors":"Atenchong Ngwibete, Olayinka Ogunbode, Timothy Oluwasola, Akinyinka Omigbodun","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.11","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of this review is to identify the types of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services that had been provided to internally displaced persons (IDP) and refugees in Africa, the key stakeholders and partners who provide these services, and the modes of service delivery.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic review was done using published quantitative and qualitative study designs, and grey literature, the provision and delivery of SRH services for displaced persons was reviewed. Studies included met at least two criteria. Only studies carried out from 2010 till date were included. Data of interest were extracted and the mixed-methods appraisal tool (MMAT) was used to evaluate the quality of each study. Primary outcomes included SRH services delivery, including family planning services; sexually transmitted infections (STI); reproductive cancer prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment; and response to sexual gender-based violence (SGBV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one publications met the criteria for the review. While some SRH services are available for women in IDP and refugee camps, adolescent SRH services, preventive care for gynaecological cancers and voluntary abortion care were generally not available. Service delivery was faced with some limitations, including lack of funds, authorization and policy issues, training gaps and lack of supplies. Nurses, midwives, community health workers (CHWs) and lay refugees were the key personnel providing services. They were overworked in most places. Services were primarily funded by the United Nations (UN) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), but governments, private enterprises and community-based organizations (CBO) worked together to provide care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a need to expand service delivery for women IDPs and refugees in Africa to include comprehensive SRH care. Deploying more qualified/trained personnel can improve the effectiveness and reliability of the care provided. Better funding for SRH care can help to improve service delivery and the incorporation of other aspects of SRH into care provision.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"238-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the relationship between Orthorexia Nervosa risk and body image in pregnancy.","authors":"Pınar Çıçekoğlu Öztürk, Derya Kaya Şenol","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.9","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy is a process that involves social, psychological, and physical changes which may be a turning point for improvement or onset/relapse of eating disorders. Studies conducted have emphasized that, in addition to classical eating disorders (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa), new types (e.g., orthorexia nervosa) and subclinical disorders are also seen in pregnant women. Based on this information, this is a descriptive study that was carried out to determine the relationship between the risk of orthorexia in pregnant women and body image.</p><p><strong>Material-method: </strong>The study included pregnant women receiving prenatal care at the obstetrics polyclinics of a state hospital in a province (n=175). After applying the first test on the pregnant women (in their first trimester), the posttests were carried out after the 30th week covering the third trimester of pregnancy. ORTO-11 scale, the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-40), and the Pregnancy Self-Perception Scale were used in data collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the pregnant women who participated in the study was 27.02±5.02. The mean first-test ORTO-11 score of the participants was 29.29±3.77, and their mean post-test ORTO-11 score was 26.58±4.08, while the difference was statistically significant, and the concerns of the pregnant women in their final trimester regarding eating healthy were higher than those when they first learned about their pregnancy. Among the pregnant women in their final trimester, the mean EAT-40 score was 19.64±8.66, the mean pregnancy motherhood perception dimension score was 25.30±2.97, and the mean pregnancy body perception dimension score was 15.39±4.00.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the data of the study, it may be stated that the pregnant women in their final trimester had obsessions about healthy eating, and they had a negative perception of the changes in their bodies. Disorders in eating attitudes in pregnancy may significantly affect the outcomes of pregnancy and newborn health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"227-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-infection of <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> and <i>Influenza A</i>: a report from in Southwestern Iran.","authors":"Saber Soltani, Milad Zandi, Mona Fani, Armin Zakeri, Reza Pakzad, Shokrollah Salmanzadeh, Iman Naamipouran, Seyed Mohamad Ali Malaekeh, Samaneh Abbasi","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.4","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (<i>SARS-CoV-2</i>) started in China, and quickly spread worldwide. To date, SARS-CoV-2 infection has become a global concern and health problem.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this study, we evaluated the co-infection of <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> and Influenza viruses in confirmed COVID-19 patients in Abadan, Iran. They referred to the centers for COVID-19 detection at Abadan University of Medical Sciences in Southwest Iran. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal throat swabs were collected from each person and tested for Influenza A using a multiplex Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, among 40 <i>SARS-CoV-2</i>-positive cases, 2 patients (5%) were co-infected with influenza A virus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The low frequency of influenza in our study could be due to the small sample size, which is one of the main limitations of our study Also, other respiratory tract infections were not investigated in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"179-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do serum Delta-Neutrophil Index and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio predict fetal growth restriction?","authors":"Seval Yılmaz Ergani, Alperen Aksan, Ceren Polat Kamacı, Zeynep Şeyhanlı, Müjde Can İbanoǧlu, Yıldız Akdaş Reis, Kadriye Erdoǧan, Şevki Çelen","doi":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.6","DOIUrl":"10.4314/mmj.v36i3.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the prognostic significance of delta-neutrophil index (DNI) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in women with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and normal pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Normal pregnant women who delivered at Health Sciences University Etlik Zübeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital between January 2015 and July 2020 and pregnant women with IUGR were included in the study. 486 pregnant women and 400 normally pregnant women diagnosed with IUGR according to Delphi criteria were included in the analysis. Data available at presentation for delivery or within four weeks before delivery were used for analysis of DNI and other laboratory values in both the patient and control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of study group was 28.3±4.6 and control group was 27.2±5.6 years. There were significant differences between the study and control groups regarding maternal age, prepregnancy BMI, BMI at delivery and gestational age at admission and delivery, hemoglobin(Hb) levels, hematocrit (Hct) values, WBC values, lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophile, thrombocyte counts, NLRs, DNI values, between the two groups. The median NLRs were 4.6 (range, 1.54±44.29), the mean DNI value of IUGR was --0.26±3.4 and the mean DNI value of control group was -3.7±5.8 (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). The NLR and DNI levels are significantly higher in the IUGR group. The optimal cut-off value for NLR was 3.84, with a sensitivity of 70.6% a specificity of 70.5%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.780. The optimal cutoff value for DNI was -1.18, with a sensitivity of 53.9%, a specificity of 52%, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.692. The Odds Ratio of the DNI was 1.2, and NLR was 5.7.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering its sensitivity and specificity, the NLR value shows that inflammatory events are much more effective in pregnant women with IUGR than we thought.</p>","PeriodicalId":18185,"journal":{"name":"Malawi Medical Journal","volume":"36 3","pages":"208-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}