Malaysian applied biology最新文献_第2页

Enhancement of Growth Performance and Body Coloration Through The Inclusion of Torch Ginger Powder in The Feed of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) 在红罗非鱼（Oreochromis sp.）

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2700

Norfazreena Mohd Faudzi, David Dexter Baru, F. Ching, S. Senoo

{"title":"Enhancement of Growth Performance and Body Coloration Through The Inclusion of Torch Ginger Powder in The Feed of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)","authors":"Norfazreena Mohd Faudzi, David Dexter Baru, F. Ching, S. Senoo","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2700","url":null,"abstract":"Red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) is a highly produced aquaculture fish among freshwater species. Coloration is an important factor in determining consumer preferences. Therefore, an 8-week experiment was conducted to enhance the growth performance and body coloration through the inclusion of torch ginger in the feed of red tilapia. Five experimental feeds were prepared from commercial feed (crude protein: 34%, crude lipid: 5%) containing torch ginger powder at 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10% (T1, T2, T3, & T4) inclusion levels while feeding without torch ginger act as a control (T0). Red tilapia (Initial body weight: 0.4±0.1g; Initial total length: 4.0±0.1cm) were distributed at stocking number 20 fish/tank into fiberglass tanks with a capacity of 80 L and triplicates for each treatment. The fish were fed with experimental feeds until satiation. The growth of fish was significantly higher (P<0.05) when the fish fed with T1, T2, and T3 compared to control treatment T0. Moreover, the feed intake was significantly increased (P<0.05) when the torch ginger powder was added to the experimental feeds. In addition, the FCR was significantly better (P<0.05) when the fish fed on T1, T2, and T3 compared to T0. The inclusion of torch ginger powder in the feed did not significantly affect (P<0.05) the body protein and lipids of the experimental fish. The increment of redness was significantly higher (P<0.05) when the fish fed with T1, T2, T3, and T4 compared to T0. However, it showed a declining trend of redness when the inclusion of torch ginger increased to 5.0% and above. Thus, the present study suggested that the inclusion of torch ginger powder improved the performance and enhanced the body coloration of juvenile red tilapia. However, a further increase of torch ginger powder by more than 2.5% did not help in the enhancement of the body coloration.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":"112 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140360376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Foraging Behaviour of Three Shorebird Species on Coastal Mudflats of Southwestern Sarawak 沙捞越西南部沿海滩涂上三种岸鸟的觅食行为

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2712

Wen Teng Ng, Mohamad Fizl Sidq Ramji, J. Grinang, A. Tuen

{"title":"Foraging Behaviour of Three Shorebird Species on Coastal Mudflats of Southwestern Sarawak","authors":"Wen Teng Ng, Mohamad Fizl Sidq Ramji, J. Grinang, A. Tuen","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2712","url":null,"abstract":"Many shorebirds are long-distance migrants and they congregate on intertidal mudflats for feeding throughout their non-breeding season. Despite being one of the key staging sites for migratory shorebirds, data on shorebirds foraging ecology in Sarawak is insufficient for the understanding of the interaction between shorebirds and their behaviour. This study aimed to determine the foraging behaviour of Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus), Bar-tailed Godwit (Limosa lapponica) and Terek Sandpiper (Xenus cinereus) at Asajaya and Buntal mudflats. Data collection of this study was conducted at low tide, during two non-breeding seasons with a total of 12 months of sampling. Focal observations were conducted within a 50 m × 50 m quadrat. A total of 8 exclusive foraging techniques were observed for the three shorebird species, including: pecking, probing, picking, stabbing, snapping, submerging, sweeping and ingesting. Terek Sandpiper displayed all the exclusive foraging behaviours, whereas Whimbrel and Bar-tailed Godwit showed 7 and 5 behaviours, respectively. The three shorebirds also displayed non-exclusive foraging behaviours such as walking, preening and defecating. Spearman correlation test indicates a positive correlation between the foraging behaviours performed among three shorebird species. All three shorebird species adopted similar mixed foraging strategies comprising pecking and probing, with an exception on supplementary behaviours observed in Whimbrel and Terek Sandpiper. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis showed a strong correlation between picking and ingesting behaviours, suggesting a high chance of foraging success with the presence of picking behaviour. The outcome of this study is crucial in understanding how shorebirds maximise their behavioural performance when foraging as well as to assist in formulating better conservation strategies for targeted migratory shorebird species and coastal mudflats.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140360952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metals Accumulation of Tropical Shrub Melastoma malabathricum L. (Melastomataceae) Populations and Their Relation To Soil Edaphic Factor 热带灌木 Melastoma malabathricum L.（Melastomataceae）种群的金属积累及其与土壤环境因子的关系

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2793

Shahida Saberi, M. Halmi, N. A. Ramle, K. Mahmud

{"title":"Metals Accumulation of Tropical Shrub Melastoma malabathricum L. (Melastomataceae) Populations and Their Relation To Soil Edaphic Factor","authors":"Shahida Saberi, M. Halmi, N. A. Ramle, K. Mahmud","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2793","url":null,"abstract":"Melastoma malabathricum L. (Melastomataceae) is a widely distributed tropical shrub that grows in Southeast Asia. Recent research found that M. malabathricum has a bioremediatory potential that can accumulate high concentrations of toxic metals such as Al, Pb, As, and Cr. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the metal hyperaccumulation in M. malabathricum from various populations and their relation to soil edaphic factors. We collected mature leaves and soils of M. malabathricum from 15 different populations in Negeri Sembilan, Selangor, and Pahang in Peninsular Malaysia. These 15 populations consist of lowland forests, dump sites, riparian, oil palm and rubber plantations, paddy fields, and mining sites. We found that M. malabathricum accumulated high concentrations of Al (3.45±1.58 to 8.697±1.61 mg g-1) followed by Fe (1.02±0.02 to 1.07±0.04 mg g-1), Pb (0.013±0.001 to 0.016±0.001 mg g-1), As (0.008±0.005 to 0.23±0.004 mg g-1), and Cr (0.005±0.0003 to 0.02±0.01 mg g-1). The highest concentration of soil Al was 85.95±5.00 mg g-1, Fe with 69.960±7.47mg g-1, Pb with 0.192±0.03 mg g-1, As with 0.156±0.06 mg g-1 and Cr with 0.133±0.03 mg g-1. We found no significant association between high foliar metal concentrations of the metals (Al, Pb, As & Cr) with the soil chemical properties but some soil metal elements were intercorrelated with foliar metal concentrations. Understanding the potential of M. malabathricum in accumulating high levels of metal elements, provides useful information for phytoremediation works. Further research is required to investigate the mechanism uptake and tolerance of heavy metals in M. malabathricum.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140361367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ciri Adaptasi Anatomi Daun Bougainvillea spectabilis W. Yang Dijangkiti Virus Bougainvillea chlorotic vein-banding Ciri Adaptasi Anatomi Daun Bougainvillea spectabilis W. Yang Dijangkiti Virus Bougainvillea chlorotic vein-banding 九重葛叶脉带病

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2879

N. Talip, Jayasrie Eyamalay, Mohamad Ruzi Abdul Rahman, Mohd Nizam Mohd Said, Haja Maideen Kader Maideen, Nik Norhazrina Nik Mohd Kamil, Aqilah Mustafa Bakray, Shamsul Khamis, A. Zohari, Nur Farah Ain Zainee, H. Bunawan, Nurnida Mohd Kamal

{"title":"Ciri Adaptasi Anatomi Daun Bougainvillea spectabilis W. Yang Dijangkiti Virus Bougainvillea chlorotic vein-banding","authors":"N. Talip, Jayasrie Eyamalay, Mohamad Ruzi Abdul Rahman, Mohd Nizam Mohd Said, Haja Maideen Kader Maideen, Nik Norhazrina Nik Mohd Kamil, Aqilah Mustafa Bakray, Shamsul Khamis, A. Zohari, Nur Farah Ain Zainee, H. Bunawan, Nurnida Mohd Kamal","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v53i1.2879","url":null,"abstract":"Kajian anatomi daun telah dijalankan ke atas Bougainvillea spectabilis yang dijangkiti virus Bougainvillea chlorotic vein-banding (BCVB). Objektif kajian ialah untuk mengenal pasti ciri adaptasi anatomi daun B. spectabilis yang dijangkiti virus BCVB melalui perbandingan dengan ciri anatomi daun sihat dan mengenalpasti sel dan tisu yang beradaptasi terhadap kehadiran virus. Kaedah kajian melibatkan hirisan dengan mikrotom gelongsor pada lamina, petiol dan tulang daun, siatan epidermis adaksial dan abaksial daun, penjernihan peruratan, pewarnaan, pelekapan dan cerapan di bawah mikroskop cahaya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan, kandungan klorofil sangat rendah pada lamina dan tepi daun, pertambahan bilangan berkas vaskular, tisu vaskular, dan sel kolenkima, serta kerosakan dinding sel pada daun yang dijangkiti. Hasil cerapan ciri anatomi epidermis abaksial daun menunjukkan daun dijangkiti virus mempunyai bilangan, indeks dan saiz stomata yang rendah berbanding daun sihat. Hasil kajian juga membuktikan perubahan pada bentuk dinding epidermis abaksial dan penebalan dinding sel epidermis adaksial daun yang dijangkiti virus BCVB. Kehadiran hablur dan peruratan tertier kelihatan kurang jelas dicerap pada daun yang dijangkiti virus. Perubahan pada sel dan tisu pada daun yang dijangkiti virus BCVB merupakan tindak balas terhadap jangkitan dan adaptasi daun terhadap jangkitan virus. Hasil kajian ini boleh digunakan sebagai rujukan untuk mengesan jangkitan BCVB dan kaedah kawalan yang boleh dilakukan kepada sel dan tisu yang dijangkiti.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":"20 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phytochemical Profiles and Mosquito-Repellent Properties of Indigenous Plants from Pak Panang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand 泰国那空四他马拉省帕南县土著植物的植物化学成分和驱蚊特性

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2629

Siriluk Sintupachee, Suppawan Promprao

{"title":"Phytochemical Profiles and Mosquito-Repellent Properties of Indigenous Plants from Pak Panang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand","authors":"Siriluk Sintupachee, Suppawan Promprao","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2629","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the mosquito-repelling ability of folkloric indigenous plants by phytochemical extraction using three distinct methods. The phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using thin-layer chromatography. The average powder weights of Citrus maxima (CM), Eleocharisdulcis plantaginea (EP), and Thespesia populnea (TP) were 154.33, 156.67, and 153.78 mg/g dry weight, respectively, and are substantially different from the other ten species (p=0.05). However, this technique did not affect the extract yield. The region of interest (ROI) values for the antioxidant activity of these three species were 328.9, 924.0, and 735.0, respectively. The repellent activities of the CM, TP, and EP extracts were significantly lower than those of DEET; however, the repellent activities of the mixed extract did not differ (p=0.05). This study found that indigenous plants commonly used in the region have mosquito-repellant and antioxidant properties. Combining the three extracts would yield the same activity as DEET, an ingredient used in commercial mosquito repellents.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139137634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritional Composition and Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Cocoa Pod Husk using Response Surface Methodology 可可荚果壳的营养成分及响应面法萃取条件的优化

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2730

Nurulain Hasya Azhar, Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan, Suhaili Shamsi, Siti Salwa Abd Gani, Arief Huzaimi Md Yusof

{"title":"Nutritional Composition and Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Cocoa Pod Husk using Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Nurulain Hasya Azhar, Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan, Suhaili Shamsi, Siti Salwa Abd Gani, Arief Huzaimi Md Yusof","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2730","url":null,"abstract":"Cocoa pod husks (CPH) are usually disposed of from the farm, and this can lead to environmental problems, such as being a breeding ground for the cocoa pod borer. This study aimed to determine the nutritional composition and concentration of ultra-trace elements (As, Cd, Pb & Hg) in CPH. The optimization of the extraction conditions of CPH in response to the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) by using response surface methodology (RSM) was also conducted. The findings show that the total carbohydrate and crude fibre content of CPH are high (35.75% & 35.47%, respectively) while having low levels of moisture, ash, crude protein, and fat (11.86%. 8.60%, 7.46% & 0.86, respectively). In addition, the results demonstrate that CPH has a low content of toxic metals As, Cd, Pb, and Hg (0.0046 mg/kg, 0.0028 mg/kg, 0.0011 mg/kg & 0.00003 mg/kg respectively) which is considered as a safe range. The optimized extraction conditions were a solvent concentration of 93.64%, a temperature of 38.18°C, and a time of 73.64 min. The actual value of the flavonoid content of CPH obtained was 1038.94 µmoL Fe2+/L, which is acceptable compared to the predicted value of 1039.40 µmoL Fe2+/L. The discovery from this research represents a significant contribution towards finding cocoa pod husk from a plentiful, affordable, and feasible source, which could potentially be used in various fields such as pharmaceutical, medical, and nutraceuticals.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Interaction of Immune System in Tumour Microenvironment and Possible Role of Cancer Cell Immnunosensitization for Better Treatment Efficacy: A Review 免疫系统在肿瘤微环境中的相互作用以及癌细胞免疫增敏对提高疗效的可能作用：综述

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2413

Farhana Khamarudin, M. Muhamad, Jesmine Khan, Mohammad Johari Ibahim, Wan Nor I'zzah Wan Mohamad Zain, Mardiana Abdul Aziz, Nurul Raudzah Adib Ridzuan, S. Ab Rahim

{"title":"The Interaction of Immune System in Tumour Microenvironment and Possible Role of Cancer Cell Immnunosensitization for Better Treatment Efficacy: A Review","authors":"Farhana Khamarudin, M. Muhamad, Jesmine Khan, Mohammad Johari Ibahim, Wan Nor I'zzah Wan Mohamad Zain, Mardiana Abdul Aziz, Nurul Raudzah Adib Ridzuan, S. Ab Rahim","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2413","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike haematologic malignant cells which express cell surface common antigens uniformly and are susceptible to targeted cancer immunotherapy, solid tumours either lack such antigens or have been mutated due to chemotherapy or other therapeutic interventions. Moreover, rapidly dividing tumour cells present complex and dynamic tumour metabolism, which hampers immune cells' reactivity against the tumour cells. Hence solid tumours other than immune-sensitive cancers such as melanoma and renal cell carcinoma are less responsive towards current cellular immunotherapy strategies, including cytokine therapy, dendritic cell-based vaccines, and immune-activating antibodies. Nonetheless, emerging evidence supports combined approaches that target immunosuppressive or antiapoptotic molecules, involving sensitization of the cancer cells by immunosensitizing drugs to express specific ligands that will be recognized by the immune cells via trafficking. This review highlights the immune system's involvement in the tumour microenvironment and the potential significance of cancer cell immunosensitization for improved treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring The Potential of Microalgae-Fungi Co-Cultivation for Sustainable Bioprocessing in Microalgae Biorefinery 探索微藻-真菌协同培养在微藻生物精炼中实现可持续生物加工的潜力

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2783

Muhammad Hizbullahi Usman, M. F. Kamaroddin, Mohd Helmi Sani, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek

{"title":"Exploring The Potential of Microalgae-Fungi Co-Cultivation for Sustainable Bioprocessing in Microalgae Biorefinery","authors":"Muhammad Hizbullahi Usman, M. F. Kamaroddin, Mohd Helmi Sani, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2783","url":null,"abstract":"Developing co-cultivation systems involving microalgae and fungi has shown promising potential for microalgae harvesting technology. As discussed in this review, the co-cultivation of microalgae and fungi has emerged as a novel approach for enhancing biomass and lipid production, wastewater treatment, biofuel production, and high-value products. However, despite being used for a few years, this technique is still in its early stages of development and has yet to be widely applied in the industry. The main challenges associated with co-cultivation include designing effective cultivation systems, managing nutrient requirements, selecting compatible strains, and implementing contamination control measures. In this study, bibliometric analysis was conducted (using the Web of Science database) to examine global trends and developments in microalgae-fungi co-cultivation research between 2014 and 2023, which aimed to identify the research progression, prominent contributors, and leading countries in the research field. The dataset comprised 682 articles, 242 reviews, 31 book chapters, and 22 conference papers. The results showed a rapid increment of publications with China as an active nation in this research area, followed by India, the USA, Italy, Spain, etc. As demonstrated in this study, the immense potential of co-cultivation techniques suggests further exploration, particularly in employing different microalgae species with exceptional characteristics in conjunction with non-pathogenic and edible fungi for profitable industrialization.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Different Solvent Extracts of Leaves and Stem of Alyxia reinwardtii Blume Alyxia reinwardtii Blume 叶和茎不同溶剂萃取物的抗氧化和抗菌活性

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2581

Vanishri Kaly Sitthan, Muhamad Salihu Abdallah, M. Nallappan, Sang-Ho Choi, Jin-Hyub Paik, Rusea Go

{"title":"Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Different Solvent Extracts of Leaves and Stem of Alyxia reinwardtii Blume","authors":"Vanishri Kaly Sitthan, Muhamad Salihu Abdallah, M. Nallappan, Sang-Ho Choi, Jin-Hyub Paik, Rusea Go","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2581","url":null,"abstract":"Alyxia reinwardtii Blume (Pulasari) Apocynaceae is being widely used as a traditional medicine in treating various illnesses due to its phenolic, coumarins, lignans, iridoid glycosides alkaloids and flavonoids content. These compounds in A. reinwardtii were reported to be useful as medicinal and agricultural potentials. Hence, A. reinwardtii meets the rationale for antioxidant and antibacterial studies to replace synthetic substances using different solvents on the leaves and stem of A. reinwardtii using cold maceration. The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay was used to estimate the phenolic content of extracts. The total flavonoid content was determined using aluminum chloride. The antioxidant capacity of the samples was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. Disc Diffusion Assay (DDA), Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus growth. Methanol was determined as the most effective solvent due to the highest crude yield obtained, (19.47 ± 2.80 %). Acetone showed the highest TPC content (170.44 ± 10.99 mg GAE/g) while hexane showed the highest TFC content (2957 ± 91.24 mg QE/g). Moreover, for DPPH, methanol inhibited the highest antioxidant (75.81 ± 12.62 %) and hexane for FRAP assay (2278.89 ± 69.47 mg AAE/g). Hexane extract is potentially effective with variable efficiency with DDA (11.17 ± 4.48 mm) while methanol extracts with MIC (0.63 μg/mL) and MBC (2.50 μg/mL) against E. coli. The results indicated that methanolic and hexane extract using cold maceration showed optimum antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The present study advocates that A. reinwardtii was a source of substantial antioxidant and antibacterial agents for potential pharmaceutical applications.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxicity Assessment on Odonata Larvae Survivability in Monitoring Heavy Metal Contaminations 重金属污染监测中对鸟纲幼虫存活率的毒性评估

Malaysian applied biology Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2652

Suhaila Ab Hamid, Ahmad Hadri Jumaat

{"title":"Toxicity Assessment on Odonata Larvae Survivability in Monitoring Heavy Metal Contaminations","authors":"Suhaila Ab Hamid, Ahmad Hadri Jumaat","doi":"10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2652","url":null,"abstract":"The aquatic ecosystem has been suffering a continuous increase of metal contamination such as Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Manganese (Mn) due to their inadequate high potential to disturb the aquatic organism population. Meanwhile, some insects such as Pseudagrion microcephalum and Ischnura senegalensis can be used as biological indicators to determine stream health. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between the heavy metal concentration and its effect on the survivability of two different species of damselfly larvae from the family Coenagrionidae; Pseudagrion microcephalum and Ischnura senegalensis. In this study, there is a significant effect of three heavy metal exposures on the survivability of P.microcephalum (F11,180=14.50, P=0.00) and I.senegalensis (F11,180 =15.10, P=0.00). Pseudagrion microcephalum is more tolerable towards Mn (F3,60=13.19, P=0.00) and Zn (F3,60=16.07, P=0.00) at different concentrations compared to I.senegalensis. In the meantime, I.senegalensis was tolerable to Cd exposure. The LC50 value of Cd was much lower than other heavy metals. Besides, the LT50 value of Cd at 200 mg/L was the lowest on P. microcephalum (31 hr) and I. senegalensis (36 hr) compared to other heavy metals. Cd was the most toxic to P.microcephalum and I.senegalensis larvae followed by zinc and manganese (LC50 & LT50=Cd > Zn > Mn). It is concluded that I.senegalensis was tolerant towards Cd, Mn, and Zn compared to P.microcephalum and Cd had the fastest-acting toxicity and significantly reduced the lethal time of mortality on both species.","PeriodicalId":18160,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian applied biology","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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