{"title":"The Performance of Direct-Sequence Systems in the Presence of Jammers","authors":"C. Weber, G. Huth","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805904","url":null,"abstract":"An enumeration of the types of interference pertinent to direct-sequence systems is given. The candidates are categorized as narrowband or wideband. The performance of direct-sequence (DS) systems in the presence of a variety of types of interference is also presented. When the jammer has a choice of parameters, the optimal value is then determined.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121985629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interference Effects of Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum Signal on Voice AM and FM Communication Systems","authors":"M. A. Kader, A. El-Osmany","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805905","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis is presented of the performance of voice amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) communication systems in the presence of direct-sequence (DS) spread spectrum (SS) signal. The effect of an interfering DS-SS signal on voice AM and FM receivers decreases by decreasing the DS signal power and/or its pseudo-noise (PN) code pulse duration (Tc).","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115407098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applications of Fiber Optics for MILSATCOM Earth Terminals","authors":"J. Pan, M. Kunz, J. Wilson, J. W. Breitmeier","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806019","url":null,"abstract":"The military satellite communications (MILSATCOM) terminals normally have multiple users with extensive distribution requirements containing analog and digital information. An increasing number of terminals contain their own computer information processing and display facilities. Conventionally, large diameter (and often expensive) coaxial and multiconductor cables are used to interconnect users for computer processing and display facilities, antenna servo and antenna structures, and between antenna converters, baseband demodulators, and modems. Besides weight and size disadvantages, conventional methods of cabling are troubled by EMI, noise pickup, ground loops, lightning, and RF isolation problems.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115566972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EHF SATCOM Terminal Antennas","authors":"R. Varley, J. Conn","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806017","url":null,"abstract":"The Department of Defense (DOD) MILSATCOM community is rapidly moving toward deployment of Extremely High Frequency (EHF) earth terminals by the late 1980's. As a result, the communications system tradeoffs have solidified into more meaningful terminal specifications, including antenna requirements. Some aspects of antenna requirements at the selected EHF have not been encountered or emphasized in earlier SATCOM applications. It is the objective of this paper to review the system factors of antenna performance and to discuss some of the more pertinent tradeoffs leading to affordable solutions. This paper is aimed at the practicing antenna systems engineer and engineering management personnel of both equipment contractors and procuring agencies. The discussion attempts to distinguish between mobile and fixed platform applications, and concludes with a mobile antenna example at 20/45 gigahertz (GHz) which has been designed, built, and tested.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"260 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127366578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Look at Navigation and Secure AJ Communications Technology and their Relation to Precision Oscillators","authors":"H. Fruehauf","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805963","url":null,"abstract":"Since the advent of miniature Rubidium atomic oscillators, the long sought-after concepts of one-way ranging systems have become fully realized. From the decade-old OMEGA concepts to the future NAVSTAR-GPS network, the miniature atomic oscillator has become, and will continue to be, the heart of the navigation systems. In recent years, however, the spread spectrum communication technology has surfaced and is also becoming more and more integrated with atomic oscillators, reaching formidable A-J (antijam) and systems C3/NAV capabilities through the use of such devices. This paper describes the types of precision oscillators available and compares all the major parameters to help designers select the proper hardware for such systems. In addition, some applications of precision oscillators in existing C3/NAV systems will be given as well as what systems designers can expect from this technology in the near future.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123320521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Engeler, R. Baertsch, H. Parks, P. McConnelee, D. Brown
{"title":"A Binary-Analog Correlator","authors":"W. Engeler, R. Baertsch, H. Parks, P. McConnelee, D. Brown","doi":"10.1109/ISSCC.1982.1156288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSCC.1982.1156288","url":null,"abstract":"The design and evaluation of a dual 128b binary-analog correlator based on charge transfer technology will be described. Correlator operates from-55° -125°C; dissipates less than 0.5W. Performance is not degraded by charge transfer losses.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131215943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decision Directed AFC for Noncoherent Detectors Experiencing Large Signal Dynamics","authors":"J. Luecke, R. Yost","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805960","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a decision directed non-coherent AFC scheme for use with M-ary Frequency Shift Keying (MFSK) where accurate tracking and noise/jitter performance under large dynamics are required. The AFC uses a linear discriminator to obtain good tracking performance with an associated small degradation in noise performance. Analysis is performed to examine the effects of noise on the linear discriminator and AFC loop and comparisons are made between this linear AFC and nonlinear FFT based schemes under the influence of noise and large dynamics. This AFC is intended for use with any MFSK system and specifically for a frequency-hopping system employing MFSK as a modulation technique. The AFC may also be easily generalized to any orthogonal modulation technique such as M-ary Code Shift Keying or M-ary Time Shift Keying.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125529215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monolithic Microwave IC Technologies and System Applications","authors":"J. Pan","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4806020","url":null,"abstract":"Recent progress of GaAs Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) and Gb/s logic has established a solid foundation for many future system applications. Systems benefiting from these advances include phased/adaptive arrays, MILSATCOM, Television Receive-Only (TVRO) receiver, Electronic Warfare (EW), instrumentation and radar. This paper presents various MMIC technologies and tradeoffs of materials (crystal growths, orientations, material properties, characterization techniques, etc.), processes (ion-implantation, Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Vapor Phase Epitaxy, Liquid Phase Epitaxy), and circuit fabrication via hole, air bridge, active matching, etc. The performance of the presently achieved SHF/EHF MMIC's are summarized. Technical problems, possible solutions, and future trends of MMIC design and fabrication (impedance matching methods, bias, low noise techniques, medium power IC's, EHF circuits, filters, isolators, packaging techniques, etc.) are also described.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122267751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equalized Megahertz-Bandwidth HF Channels for Spread Spectrum Communications","authors":"S. Dhar, B. D. Perry","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805973","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we discuss the use of skywave propagation paths in the HF band for spread spectrum communications involving coherent bandwidths of about one megahertz. We present experimental data describing wide-bandwidth one-hop F-layer links, discuss real-time adaptive equalization procedures for wideband spread spectrum signaling on these links, and conclude with some recent measurements over equalized paths of up to 2000 km. Two significant attributes of these equalized wideband channels are (1) time invariance over many seconds (typically ten), and (2) freedom from fading caused by the presence of multiple propagation modes. Both are dependent on achieving mode isolation in the receiver through the use of wideband waveforms. The measurement data was gathered in 1981 using MITRE's wideband HF test facility which consists of a mobile transmit terminal and a fixed receive terminal in Bedford, Massachusetts. The transmit terminal is capable of generating signals for channel measurement and data communications testing. The receive terminal is capable of real-time adaptive equalization over a 1.024 MHz bandwidth, signal processing, and data recording. The data presented here describes unequalized and equalized channel measurements.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125412666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spread Spectrum Multiplexed Noise Codes","authors":"Frank S. Gutleber","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1982.4805918","url":null,"abstract":"The contents of this paper comprises a treatise on spread spectrum multiplexed noise codes. Multiplexed noise codes are codes formed with mate code pairs which when orthogonally multiplexed, transmitted, and detected in a matched filter possess an impulse autocorrelation function (i.e., noise like codes which compress to a single impulse containing no sidelobes). The fundamental requirement for achieving this desirable result is that the autocorrelation function of the two codes forming a mate pair must be of equal magnitude and opposite sense for all values of time outside of the main lobe. The various fundamental concepts which define the requirements for obtaining lobeless compression, an orthogonal noise code subclass, and basic general code expansion concepts are described and theoretically verified. In addition, a relatively complete coverage of the various unique attributes inherent in multiplexed noise codes are disclosed. In essence, a practical unified theory and explanation of these codes is presented to teach the principles involved and illustrate the magnitude of the gains that are realizable from codes that are capable of compressing to a lobeless impulse and which are available in abundance. The theoretical treatment demonstrates that the concepts and applications are all technically sound. Utilizing the various concepts established, an orthogonal subset of multiplexed noise codes (32 bit mate pair codes) was implemented actively using shift registers and tested in appropriate test configurations to verify that the theoretical performance can be obtained with practical hardware.","PeriodicalId":179832,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1982 - IEEE Military Communications Conference - Progress in Spread Spectrum Communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128052182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}