Lens and eye toxicity research最新文献_第9页

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

I Weisse, H Loosen, H Peil

{"title":"Age-related retinal changes--comparison between albino and pigmented rats.","authors":"I Weisse, H Loosen, H Peil","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To characterize aging as a factor responsible for structural changes the retinae of 47 Wistar-derived albino rats and 50 pigmented rats of the Norway and BDE (Han) strains between the ages of 1 and maximal 36 month were examined by light and electronmicroscopy and analysed for changes in cell densities. In all 3 rat strains there was an overall decline in nuclear densities of outer layer nuclei by 38 - 50% and inner layer nuclei by 27 - 33% between the ages of 1 and 27 months. Over the same age-range the ganglion cell loss was comparable to the decline in the inner nuclear layer. Neuronal cell death occurred at all ages and was more pronounced in albino rats. Moreover, in albino rats, cones were more resistant than rods to destruction by age and ambient light. Age-related ultrastructural changes in the retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) were in both pigmented strains: (1) a substantial accumulation of lipofuscin, (2) an apparent thickening of the basement membrane and (3) absent or greatly enlarged pleomorphic basal infoldings. In up to 27-month old BDE (Han) and 36-month old Norway rats besides mature stage IV-melanosomes also stage III-melanosomes can be observed. Characteristic of RPE-cells in old rats of these two strains were also compound granules and compound melanosomes. In peripheral RPE-cells of albino rats premelanosomes can be sporadically detected up to 31 months of age. Age-related changes in retinal vessels were found in the superficial and deep capillary network. The only finding was a 2-3 fold increase in thickness of the capillary basement membrane.","PeriodicalId":17964,"journal":{"name":"Lens and eye toxicity research","volume":"7 3-4","pages":"717-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13254705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In vitro toxicity of lomefloxacin in rabbit corneal epithelial cell cultures. 洛美沙星对兔角膜上皮细胞体外毒性的研究。

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

M Portolés, A Igual, A Jauch, S Nos-Barbéra

引用次数: 0

Application of an anterior eye segment analysis system in clinical cataract research. 眼前段分析系统在白内障临床研究中的应用。

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

K Sasaki, Y Sakamoto, T Shibata

引用次数: 0

Investigations on the presence of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA-reductase, E.C.1.1.1.34) in lenses of various animal species. 3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(hmg - coa -还原酶，e.c 1.1.1.34)在不同动物晶状体中的存在研究。

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

M Kojima, O Hockwin, G S Rao, J Garcia

{"title":"Investigations on the presence of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA-reductase, E.C.1.1.1.34) in lenses of various animal species.","authors":"M Kojima, O Hockwin, G S Rao, J Garcia","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The cholesterol requirements of the lens for the formation of plasma membranes are met by self-synthesis immediately after birth, this capacity, however, decreases considerably with increasing age, so that the deficit can only be met by exogenous supply. These findings are of great importance with respect to the qualitative assessment of extra-hepatical side effects of the substance class of HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors on possible disturbances of lens transparency. In contrast to investigations of Mosley et al. (23) with rat and rabbit lenses, we did not find any activity of the HMG-CoA-reductase in our experiments with the lens cortex of calf, bovine, Beagle dog. The disturbances in lens transparency observed in chronical toxicity tests with high doses of HMG-CoA- reductase inhibitors might rather be due to the impairment of the exogenous cholesterol supply by a considerable decrease of the normal cholesterol level in the blood. The therapeutical treatment of pathologically increased blood cholesterol levels of patients should therefore not affect the transparency of human lenses. Relevant drug-safety-clinical studies confirm this experimentally substantiated supposition.","PeriodicalId":17964,"journal":{"name":"Lens and eye toxicity research","volume":"7 3-4","pages":"605-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13255458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Particulate matter contamination in the corneal stroma of severe eye burns in humans. 人类严重眼烧伤角膜基质中的颗粒物质污染。

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

N F Schrage, M Reim, W G Burchard

引用次数: 0

The protein distribution of bovine, human and rabbit aqueous humour and the difference in composition before and after disruption of the blood/aqueous humour barrier. 牛、人、兔体液中蛋白质的分布及血/体液屏障破坏前后蛋白质组成的差异。

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

J Bours

引用次数: 0

Regional enzymatic analysis of UV-B and streptozotocin induced diabetic cataract lens. UV-B和链脲佐菌素致糖尿病性白内障晶状体的区域酶分析。

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

M Kojima

{"title":"Regional enzymatic analysis of UV-B and streptozotocin induced diabetic cataract lens.","authors":"M Kojima","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"As the UV-B cataract and early stages of diabetic cataract in rats only touches the epithelium and anterior superficial cortex, a whole lens analysis is not meaningful, but a regional analysis with the freeze-sectioning device has to be performed. Scheimpflug photography with microdensitometric image analysis enables the scientist to discern in vivo single layers along the optical axis of the lens. UV-B cataracts (0.2 J/cm2, every 2nd day) and diabetic cataracts (Streptozotocin (STZ), 70 mg/kg BW) were induced in Brown-Norway rats. The stages of lens opacification were documented by Scheimpflug photography. 8 weeks after start of UV-B treatment and at several dates before onset of visible diabetic cataractous changes, the animals were sacrificed. The lenses were divided reproducibly into 4 or 7 parts such as an equatorial ring and several layers of the central cylinder from anterior to posterior part. The enzyme activity spectrum shows highly region related pattern that would not have been found in a whole lens analysis. Aldose reductase was activated before appearance of visible cataractous changes due to diabetes compared to normal lenses. In contrast Fructose-1,6-biphosphate-aldolase activity was lower before onset of visible changes than in normal lenses, but only within the 1st section where later visible cataractous changes of UV-B cataract could be detected.","PeriodicalId":17964,"journal":{"name":"Lens and eye toxicity research","volume":"7 3-4","pages":"547-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13124514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observations on the incidence and significance of linear irregularities in the course of major retinal blood vessels in the fundus of the rat. 大鼠眼底视网膜大血管行线状不规则的发生率及意义观察。

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

A C Buckwell

引用次数: 0

Borna disease virus-induced retinitis in Lewis rats--an immune-mediated retinopathy. 刘易斯大鼠博纳病病毒引起的视网膜炎——一种免疫介导的视网膜病变

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

V Geiss, K Frese, J A Morales, L Ojok, S Herzog

引用次数: 0

Corneal silver deposits following Crede's prophylaxis an examination with electron dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX-analysis) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 用电子色散x射线分析(edx -分析)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)检查Crede预防后角膜银沉积。

Lens and eye toxicity research Pub Date : 1990-01-01

G Schirner, N F Schrage, S Salla, C Teping, M Reim, W G Burchard, B Schwab

{"title":"Corneal silver deposits following Crede's prophylaxis an examination with electron dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX-analysis) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).","authors":"G Schirner, N F Schrage, S Salla, C Teping, M Reim, W G Burchard, B Schwab","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In a case of silver nitrate injury after Credé's prophylaxis, the cornea of a newborn presented yellow-brown, lime-like plaques on the nasal part of the right eye. A paracentral ulcerating stromal opacification undermined these appositions, when the patient was admitted to the eye-clinic at Aachen. In the material obtained by a lamellar keratectomy scanning electron microscopical examination was able to prove the existence of granules, previously described in light-microscopy. These granules measured 100 to 300 nm in diameter. An earlier chemical analysis of necrotic material showed no silver specific reaction. By means of EDX-analysis these granules could be identified as silver-containing. Injuries by silver nitrate solutions used for Credé's prophylaxis are seldom but still reported. The mechanism of injury in this case of a child, born by sectio remains unknown. Neither the use of an unusual silver nitrate solution, that was taken from a disposable ampoule (Mova-Nitrat R) was reported, nor any corneal injury during sectio mentioned. Nevertheless the method of EDX-analysis and SEM proved the diagnosis of corneal silver deposits, so that the origin of the granullar opacification of the cornea could be determined.","PeriodicalId":17964,"journal":{"name":"Lens and eye toxicity research","volume":"7 3-4","pages":"445-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13254889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0