J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.最新文献

{"title":"Intent Inference-Based Flight-Deck Human-Automation Mode-Confusion Detection","authors":"Sangjin Lee, Inseok Hwang, K. Leiden","doi":"10.2514/1.I010331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010331","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new framework based on intent inference is proposed to detect the flight-deck human-automation mode confusion. Due to the rapid advancement of flight-deck technology, human-automation issues have become a core area of focus in today’s aviation safety. The complexity of the advanced flight deck leads to new safety concerns such as dysfunctional interaction between the human and the automation. To reduce the occurrence of incidents caused by the human-automation issues, it is necessary to detect the undesirable interaction between them in a timely manner. To this end, however, it is required to model the behavior of the human and the automation, as well as the interaction between them, which is a challenging task. In this paper, a hybrid system and a discrete event system are proposed to model the complex behaviors of the automation and the pilot, respectively. An intent inference algorithm is then proposed to infer the intents of the human and the automation using the behavior models and s...","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121478491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Tradespace Analysis of Space Network Architectures","authors":"M. S. Net, Iñigo Del Portillo, B. Cameron, E. Crawley, Daniel Selva","doi":"10.2514/1.I010356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010356","url":null,"abstract":"Methods to design space communication networks at the link level are well understood and abound in the literature. Nevertheless, models that analyze the performance and cost of the entire network are scarce, and they typically rely on computationally expensive simulations that can only be applied to specific network designs. This paper presents an architectural model to quantitatively optimize space communication networks given future customer demands, communication technology, and contract modalities to deploy the network. The model is implemented and validated against NASA’s Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. It is then used to evaluate new architectures for the fourth-generation Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System given the capabilities of new optical and Ka-band technologies, as well as the possibility to deploy network assets as hosted payloads. Results indicate that optical technology can provide a significant improvement in the network capabilities and lifecycle cost, especially when pl...","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130319317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sliding-Window Adjustment for Monocular Simultaneous Localization and Mapping","authors":"J. Meidow, Markus Kleinert, D. Bulatov","doi":"10.2514/1.I010283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010283","url":null,"abstract":"Cameras are appealing sensors for airborne applications, since they measure passively and are small, lightweight, and inexpensive. Compared to other sensors used for navigation, they feature complementary error characteristics. They capture the environment, and hence provide observations for the solution of the problem commonly referred to as simultaneous localization and mapping. In photogrammetry, bundle adjustment is known to provide optimal estimates for simultaneous scene reconstruction and pose estimation. A sliding-window adjustment is presented that features real-time capability: that is, a continuous video stream can be processed by the usually limited onboard resources of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Having airborne applications in mind, a parametrization for unknown three-dimensional points is incorporated that is able to represent points located far away from the camera or even at infinity. Due to the delayed initialization of these points, the need for prior information about the depths of the...","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132096193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autonomous Navigation and Localization of a Quadrotor in an Indoor Environment","authors":"Young-Min Ahn, D. Block, R. Sreenivas","doi":"10.2514/1.I010249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010249","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an inertial navigation and vanishing point methodology that has been implemented using artificially placed landmarks and the sensors on board a quadrotor for autonomous navigation in a Global-Positioning-System-denied known, indoor environment. The drift in yaw was regulated using a downward-facing camera, and landmarks were placed at strategic locations. The heading was determined by the vanishing point in the image sensed by the forward-facing camera, which also helped to reduce the number of landmarks necessary for autonomous flight. The results presented in this paper suggest that the data from onboard inertial measurement units, combined with the localization method described in this paper, are sufficient to achieve autonomous indoor navigation.","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115656369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Nonparametric Learning with Path Planning for Data-Ferry Communications","authors":"Anthony Carfang, Neeti Wagle, E. Frew","doi":"10.2514/1.I010275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010275","url":null,"abstract":"In a data-ferrying unmanned aircraft system, ferrying performance requires knowledge of the communication environment through which the aircraft moves. This work integrates ferry planning with opportunistically learning the radio environment through the use of a Gaussian process. The unmanned aircraft’s trajectory is initially optimized with an a priori model. After flying one circuit of the closed trajectory, radio-frequency variations observed by the ferry are used to train a Gaussian process and improve the model of the environment. This iterative ferry-and-learn system is analyzed through a simulation study, showing ferry performance improves rapidly. The ferry achieves 80% of optimal within four iterations and 93% after nine iterations, as the Gaussian process is able to converge quickly to the true radio-frequency environment. This work further compares the Gaussian process to common parameter-based estimation methods through two extremes of radio-frequency environments. The nonparametric nature of ...","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126464724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Benefit of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast Traffic and Weather Uplink Services","authors":"Sathya S. Silva, Luke Jensen, R. Hansman","doi":"10.2514/1.I010364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010364","url":null,"abstract":"The automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast system serves a dual role for general aviation operators, allowing integration with modern surveillance systems and providing an uplink of traffic, weather, and airspace information to participating aircraft. To obtain automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast uplink services, aircraft must be equipped with a portable or installed “automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast-in” receiver and display. This study used an online survey to assess pilot perception and valuation of automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast-in traffic and weather services, including flight information system-broadcast and traffic information system-broadcast. Of the 1407 pilot respondents to the survey, 56.3% indicated having used automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast-in traffic and weather services while operating an aircraft. Among pilots who reported using automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast-in traffic services regularly, 64.5% reported that it helped them visually a...","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116836212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Safety Protocols on Unmanned Vehicle Ground Operations","authors":"Jason C. Ryan, M. Cummings","doi":"10.2514/1.I010293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010293","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in unmanned and autonomous vehicle technology are accelerating the push to integrate these vehicles into human-centered environments such as commercial aviation and public roads. Much of the current research into autonomous systems examines improving the performance of individual unmanned vehicles or improving the safety of their interactions with individual humans; very little examines the behavior of the broader system. For large-scale transportation systems, real-world field trials involving unmanned vehicles are difficult to execute due to concerns of cost, feasibility of construction, and the maturity of the technologies. This paper describes the use of an agent-based model of unmanned vehicle behavior in human-centered environments to explore the effects of their implementation in these domains. In particular, this work explores how safety protocols governing the integration of manned and unmanned vehicles affect performance in an aircraft carrier ground control environment. Three di...","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116753685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision-Aided Inertial Navigation with Modeling of Measurement Outliers","authors":"Chun Yang, A. Soloviev, M. Veth, Clark N. Taylor","doi":"10.2514/1.I010285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010285","url":null,"abstract":"For vision-based navigation applications, the assumption of a Gaussian distribution for measurement errors may not be valid due to outliers commonly resulting from complicated algorithmic processing of images (for example, feature extraction, feature matching, and frame-to-frame tracking). Although many algorithms have been developed to minimize the probability of outputs that are outliers, the probability is still nonzero and is not estimated with current approaches. This paper develops a vision-aided inertial navigation mechanization that explicitly accounts for the presence of outliers in vision measurements. Navigation mechanization is augmented by probabilistic data association filtering. Probabilistic data association filtering takes into account nonperfect detection of outliers by adaptively computing the probability that an outlier is undetected and weighting vision measurements accordingly. Simulation and experimental results are used to demonstrate that the probabilistic data association filteri...","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128775112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Java-Based Framework for Aircraft Preliminary Design and Optimization","authors":"F. Nicolosi, A. Marco, Lorenzo Attanasio, P. Vecchia","doi":"10.2514/1.I010404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010404","url":null,"abstract":"T HEconceptual and preliminary design phases play a very important role for the development of the future transport aircraft. A computational framework capable of finding an optimal configuration satisfying several basic requirements would be an essential tool for industrial aircraft designers. Such software should be developed around all those basic principles and approaches to aircraft preliminary design well described in several textbooks on the subject [1–9]. Amodern preliminary aircraft design tool should be characterized by a certain level of accuracy and reliability (albeit using fast and simple semiempirical procedures), the capability to perform multidisciplinary analyses, and reasonably short computational times. Because of the particular relevance of production costs, noise, emissions,maintenance, andoperative costs in the commercial success of a transport aircraft, amodern software framework should be developedwith amultidisciplinary optimization (MDO) approach inmind.Another important aspect is the user-friendliness of the interface that should allow the user to interact with the design framework in an easy, fast, and efficient way. Of the same or even of more importance is the possibility to include in the software multiple fidelity analysis methods or to modify and develop new semi-empirical models to achieve better accuracy. It should also be possible to export the aircraft configuration geometry (e.g., as a CADmodel or a surface mesh) in one or more standard formats and to execute high-fidelity analyseswith external tools (e.g., computational fluid dynamics or Finite ElementMethod (FEM) solvers). Many aircraft design computational tools have been developed by several universities, companies, aeronautical industries, and research centers in the past and recent years [10–17]. In many recent papers [18–21], the importance of including a knowledge-based engineering approach in modern aircraft design tools is highlighted. The present note introduces the ongoing development of the Java Program Toolchain for Aircraft Design (JPAD), a Java-based desktop application for aircraft designers. The aim of JPAD, which eventually will be released as open-source software, is to provide a library and a set of companion tools based onmodern software technology as a support for typical preliminary design studies. The software has been conceived to be used in an industrial environment across conceptual and preliminary design phases. In these phases, a lot of different configurations have to be considered, and so the proposed software relies mostly on semi-empirical analysis methods and is capable to quickly provide results. A comprehensive study of the methods available in the literature has been first carried out to improve the accuracy of the results; each method has been tested against experimental data (produced in house or drawn from literature) so that statistical quantities (e.g., standard deviation) could be estimated either to find the best ","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126849121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Approaches to Simulation and Optimization of Global Aircraft Trajectories","authors":"H. Ng, B. Sridhar","doi":"10.2514/1.I010398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.I010398","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines three possible approaches to improving the speed in generating wind-optimal routes for air traffic at the national or global level. They are 1) using the resources of a supercomputer, 2) running the computations on multiple commercially available computers, and 3) implementing those same algorithms into NASA’s FACET and comparing those to a standard implementation run on a single CPU. Wind-optimal aircraft trajectories are computed using global air traffic schedules. The run time and wait time on the supercomputer for trajectory optimization using various numbers of CPUs ranging from 80 to 10,240 units are compared with the total computational time for running the same computation on a single desktop computer and on multiple commercially available computers for potential computational enhancement through parallel processing on the computer clusters. This study also reimplements the trajectory optimization algorithm for further reduction of computational time through algorithm modificat...","PeriodicalId":179117,"journal":{"name":"J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst.","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127917369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}