Korean Journal of Family Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Hallucination in artificial-intelligence-assisted diagnosis of arthritis: a case report.","authors":"DaeHyun Kim","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.25.0147","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.25.0147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly being integrated into clinical practice, offering potential enhancements in diagnostic accuracy and clinical efficiency. In this case report, a diagnostic attempt assisted by ChatGPT-4o in a 51-year-old female patient presenting with hand arthralgia is described. The AI-generated interpretation demonstrated hallucination-namely, the fabrication of unsupported or inaccurate information-in the analysis of radiologic and laboratory findings, as well as in treatment recommendations. This case underscores the importance of exercising caution when applying AI tools in clinical contexts. To ensure diagnostic accuracy, patient safety, and ethical responsibility, expert oversight and multi-step verification processes are essential in the deployment of AI-generated clinical outputs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"178-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145401299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family medicine for all stages of life: turning knowledge into actionable care.","authors":"Joung Sik Son","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.47.2E","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.47.2E","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"47 2","pages":"95-96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the drivers associated with maternal delivery choices: comparative study between urban and rural women in Indonesia.","authors":"Tety Rachmawati, Stefanus Supriyanto, Debri Rizki Faisal, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Endang Indriasih, Rukmini Rukmini, Novia Susianti, Gurendro Putro, Iin Nurlinawati, Tin Afifah, Selma Siahaan, Halimatus Sakdiah Minhat","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0145","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Indonesia faces significant maternal and child health challenges, including a high maternal mortality ratio. The country's vast geography results in disparities in healthcare facility availability. This study aimed to identify factors influencing maternal delivery choices in health facilities across Indonesia's rural and urban areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic Health Survey. The study population included women aged 15-49 who had given birth within 5 years preceding the survey. A total of 14,162 women were included, with 6,339 from urban and 5,009 from rural areas. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with maternal delivery locations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that 91.37% of urban and 69.33% of rural mothers delivered in healthcare facilities. All analyzed variables were significantly correlated with maternal delivery in health facilities across both areas. In rural areas, the sex of the household head (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.71; P=0.031) and the absence of barriers to healthcare access (AOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07-1.60; P=0.008) were significant factors. Conversely, in urban areas, only maternal age was significantly associated with delivering in health facilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Determinants of maternal delivery choices vary between rural and urban settings. In rural areas, healthcare access and household head sex are key factors, while maternal age is significant in urban areas. The government should prioritize equitable healthcare facility distribution, particularly in rural areas, and promote family involvement, especially among husbands, during antenatal care to encourage facility-based deliveries.</p>","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"119-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between sedentary time and anxiety in Korean adults: insights from the 2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"So Hyeon Kim, Gyu Lee Kim, Jeong Gyu Lee, Yu Hyeon Yi, Young Jin Tak, Seung Hun Lee, Young Jin Ra, Sang Yeop Lee, Eun Ju Park, Young Hye Cho, Young In Lee, Jung In Choi, Sae Rom Lee, Ryuk Jun Kwon, Soo Min Son","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0219","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior influence the prevalence of anxiety disorders. However, there is a lack of research on how these factors affect Korean adults. Therefore, we conducted a large-scale cohort study to investigate the association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the development of anxiety disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 5,615 Korean adults aged 19 years and over. This study analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VIII (2021). Participants were divided into three groups based on sedentary time (minute per day), and anxiety levels were compared using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The odds ratio (OR) for severe generalized anxiety disorder was higher in the longer sedentary time group (≥480 & <660 minutes and ≥660 minutes) than in the lowest sedentary time group (<480 minutes) (≥480 & <660 minutes: OR, 1.004; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.463-2.178; ≥660 minutes: OR, 2.233; 95% CI, 1.385-3.599; P=0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, these correlations remained consistent and statistically significant. Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that middle-aged adults, women, high school graduates, individuals living with housemates, and employed individuals had a stronger association with severe anxiety as sitting time increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sitting for more than 11 hours a day is a significant risk factor for the development of severe anxiety. Incorporating regular walking into daily routines and reducing sedentary behaviors could alleviate anxiety in Korean adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"135-144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Consensus Reporting Items for Studies in Primary Care (CRISP) Checklist supports family medicine research in South Korea.","authors":"William R Phillips, Elizabeth Ann Sturgiss","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.25.0389","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.25.0389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"182-183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the determinants of family planning practices among women with diabetes and no pregnancy intention in Malaysia: women's voices.","authors":"Irmi Zarina Ismail, Chirk Jenn Ng, Ping Yein Lee, Norita Hussein","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0102","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contraception is essential for women with diabetes to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the contraception rate among this high-risk group remains low. This study explored the determinants of contraceptive practices among multi-ethnic Asian women with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This exploratory qualitative study on the preconception care of multi-ethnic, reproductive-age women with diabetes was conducted at four public health clinics in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed. An interpretive thematic analysis was performed on data regarding contraception among 19 women who expressed no desire for pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Health concerns, perceived susceptibility to pregnancy, lack of knowledge regarding contraception and conception, and prevailing pregnancy norms influenced contraceptive practices. Many factors affecting pregnancy planning were unrelated to diabetes, such as perceived pregnancy susceptibility, religious orientation, societal norms, husband's preferences, and inadequate contraception knowledge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Family planning and reproductive health must be included in routine clinical consultations for women with diabetes. While this study re-emphasizes the influence of diabetes on women's decisions to use contraception, their choices are also shaped by personal and social factors. Healthcare providers must adopt a more open approach toward women's perspectives on pregnancy planning and further explore their values and underlying issues to promote effective contraception, considering the benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"162-170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145648889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial comparing home-based modified Epley maneuver and Brandt-Daroff exercise for posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo symptoms.","authors":"Nor Hanim Mohamad Hanapi, Nurul Firdausi Hasnol Basri, Adi Rizal Abdul Rahman, Mohd Zulkiflee Abu Bakar, Nor Asiah Muhamad, Mazlina Mazlan, Chung Tze Yang","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0337","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effects of two home-based exercises, the self-Epley maneuver (SEM) and Brandt-Daroff exercise (BDE), in patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 50 outpatients with unilateral posterior canal BPPV, a documented positive Dix-Hallpike test, and symptoms of vertigo for a duration of at least 1 week were randomized into the SEM and BDE groups. Patients in both groups performed home-based exercises for a total duration of 2 weeks. The primary outcome was vertigo resolution at 1 and 6 months. Secondary outcomes included conversion of a positive to a negative Dix-Hallpike test at 1 month and reduction in vertigo intensity and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores at 1 month and 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vertigo resolution was achieved in 40% of the patients at 1 month and in 48% at 6 months in both groups. The conversion rates from positive to negative Dix-Hallpike test at 1 month were 92% and 84% in the SEM and BDE groups, respectively. There was a significant reduction in the vertigo intensity and an improvement in the mean DHI score. Both SEM and BDE were well tolerated, with a few minor complications, such as transient dizziness and nausea.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both SEM and BDE are effective for treating posterior canal BPPV. Although there was no significant resolution of the vertigo, there was a reduction in its intensity and a perceived decrease in its negative impact on daily life.</p>","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"145-154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145856784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional pathways from treatment to management of sarcopenia in patients with gastric cancer: a narrative review.","authors":"Swati, Mahak Sharma, Mohit Agarwal, Divya Choudhary","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.25.0215","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.25.0215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, represents a significant clinical concern among patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery. Postoperative individuals are particularly vulnerable due to gastrointestinal dysfunction, reduced nutrient intake, systemic inflammation, and treatment-induced metabolic stress. This condition is associated with higher complication rates, delayed recovery, chemotherapy intolerance, and decreased survival, underscoring the importance of early detection and effective nutritional management. This narrative review integrates and synthesizes recent evidence from clinical and experimental studies that explore the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and nutritional management of sarcopenia in gastric cancer. The review emphasizes key nutritional risk factors, assessment tools, and intervention strategies applicable to both preoperative and postoperative care. Validated methods such as SARC-F (strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and computed tomography imaging play central roles in identifying muscle loss and functional decline. Evidence suggests that protein-enriched diets, branched-chain amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, and micronutrients such as vitamin D and antioxidants help preserve muscle mass and improve recovery outcomes. Exercise and rehabilitation further enhance these benefits by synergistically promoting muscle protein synthesis and function. Moreover, emerging technologies-including artificial intelligence-assisted nutritional monitoring, nutrigenomics, and biomarker-based personalization-represent promising directions for individualized care. Sarcopenia in gastric cancer is a modifiable and clinically significant condition. Integrating personalized nutrition with structured rehabilitation can markedly enhance functional recovery, treatment tolerance, and quality of life. Future research should aim to develop precision-based nutritional algorithms and standardized diagnostic frameworks to optimize outcomes in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"47 2","pages":"97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between urine cotinine level and hemoglobin and hematocrit levels: a cross-sectional study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VIII (2019-2021).","authors":"Jaehyun An, Yaeji Lee, Ehn-Young Kim, Yu-Jin Kwon, Ji-Won Lee","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0212","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.24.0212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking is a global health risk known to elevate hemoglobin (HB) levels through its effects on hematopoiesis. Urine cotinine, a metabolite strongly correlated with serum cotinine, serves as an effective biomarker for assessing smoking status. This study aimed to explore the relationship between urinary cotinine levels and both HB and hematocrit (HCT) levels in a Korean population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study analyzed 4,454 healthy participants, categorized into three groups based on urine cotinine tertiles. Steiger's Z tests were used to assess correlations between HB, HCT levels, and urine cotinine. After adjusting for clinical variables, multiple linear regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between urine cotinine levels and HB/HCT. Receiver operating characteristic curves helped determine the cut-off values for urine cotinine in relation to HB and HCT levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for covariates, a positive correlation was found between urine cotinine and both HB and HCT levels. HB levels were 18% higher in the second tertile and 23% higher in the highest tertile than the lowest. Similarly, HCT levels increased by 44% in the second tertile and 50% in the highest tertile. The highest tertiles of HB and HCT had values of 504.650 and 202.950, respectively, with area under the curve values of 0.634 for HB and 0.616 for HCT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates a significant correlation between urine cotinine levels and elevated HB and HCT levels in a representative Korean population. Clinicians should consider urine cotinine levels when assessing anemia in smokers or individuals exposed to secondhand smoke. Further research is needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical practice guidelines improve diagnosis and management of childhood obesity: a survey amongst primary care doctors in Klang Valley, Malaysia.","authors":"Christina Wan Mei Cheong, Ker Yang Chua, Poi Giok Lim","doi":"10.4082/kjfm.25.0002","DOIUrl":"10.4082/kjfm.25.0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood obesity is increasing globally. Primary care doctors are well-positioned to identify children with obesity. This study aimed to assess the usage of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) to determine obesity and the knowledge of primary care doctors regarding childhood obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was conducted between November 2023 and February 2024 among primary care doctors in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The questions assessed doctors' knowledge, practices, beliefs, and usage of the CPG in managing childhood obesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 246 participants during the study period. Among the doctors, 101 (41%) knew the correct definition of \"childhood overweight\" while 120 (49%) doctors used the CPG. Doctors using the CPG had higher odds of knowing the correct management (odds ratio [OR], 2.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-5.41; P=0.006). Doctors using the CPG had higher odds of screening for childhood obesity complications and measuring body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and pubertal status. Multivariate analysis showed that doctors working in government clinics (OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 2.01-6.32; P<0.001), having postgraduate training (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.08-7.51; P<0.001) and having worked less than 5 years (OR, 4.53; 95% CI, 1.85-11.08; P<0.001) had higher odds of using the CPG. Doctors working in government clinics (OR, 5.93; 95% CI, 1.95-18.05; P=0.002) and used the CPG (OR, 7.26; 95% CI, 2.09-25.27; P=0.002) had higher odds of measuring the BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knowledge regarding diagnosis and management of childhood obesity among primary care doctors is still lacking. CPG on childhood obesity could be a useful tool for improving the diagnosis, management, and screening of childhood obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17893,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}