Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive assessment of certain trace elements, hormones and enzymes in patients with exogenous-constitutional obesity in predicting transition to metabolic syndrome","authors":"T. V. Nikishova, I. Kurnikova","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-284","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the relationship between the trace element status (chromium, zinc and copper) and hormonal activity (insulin, leptin) in women with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes, depending on the type and severity of obesity. \u0000Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare 288 women with exogenous-constitutional obesity aged 2545 years and healthy women of similar age (n=38). The comparative analysis was carried out in groups of patients with android and gynoid ECO types and varying degrees of obesity. The study was conducted in the NUZ Department Clinical Hospital of the Kazan station of JSC Russian Railways between 2016 and 2020. Along with clinical laboratory tests, the indicators of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (including the determination of hormones), the activity of enzyme systems and trace element content were determined. The statistical significance of the differences was assessed by using the non-parametric Spearman's rank correlation test. \u0000Results. It was revealed that the type of obesity associated with the indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, the activities of catalase and peroxidase, and trace element content. In patients with abdominal obesity, the concentration of copper was higher than in the comparison group, and chromium and zinc lower than in patients with gynoid obesity and in the control group. In patients with android obesity, a high correlation was found between the serum copper level (r=0.98) and body fat percentage (r=0.74) compared with patients with gynoid type obesity. The correlation of chromium level with the level of blood glucose (r=0.58), triglycerides (r=0.66), cholesterol (r=0.60) and catalase enzyme activity (r=0.54) as well as correlation of zinc level with the level of blood glucose (r=0.74), cholesterol (r=0.77), triglycerides (r=0.90), catalase (r=0.57), and peroxidase (r=0.59) were revealed. Also, significant differences in the level of trace elements in patients with varying degrees of obesity were found. \u0000Conclusion. An increase in copper concentration and a decrease in the concentration of chromium and zinc are unfavorable signs in obese patients associated with the activation of oxidative stress, hyperplastic processes and a high risk of developing a metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76332692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical and economic efficiency of dental caries prevention through the use of fluoride sealant in schoolchildren","authors":"N. I. Shaymieva, Шаймиева Наиля Ильгизовна, R. S. Khasanov, Хасанов Рустем Шамильевич, V. Olesova, Олесова Валентина Николаевна","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-389","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the medical and economic efficiency of the program for the prevention of dental caries using UltraSeal XT among schoolchildren of Kazan. Methods. In 2013, 200 schoolchildren from Kazan seen in the Republican Dental Clinic of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan (100 boys and girls aged 7–8) were selected. All patients were divided into two groups with similar distributions of sex and age: the test (main) group and control group. In the test group “Sealants”, the fissures of the first permanent molars were sealed with a composite fluorine-containing sealant according to the manufacturer's instructions. The control group was formed from children without dental sealants. The oral health assessment of children is reflected in the Examination Cards. Average indices of the severity of dental caries were determined (the number of decayed, filled and missing primary/permanent teeth — dmft/DMFT). Re-examination of children was carried out in 2016 with the determination of the same indicators. The economic analysis was carried out using the method of mathematical modeling. Statistical processing was performed in Microsoft Office Excel 2017. Results. The use of sealants at the age of 7–8 years provided a lower level of caries severity in deciduous teeth (4.09±3.0; p 0.05). The DMFT score in the permanent teeth of children in the test group of this age cohort (7–8 years old) was 0.66±0.95. The mean severity of dental caries DMFT index of 12-year-olds children with permanent dentition in the test group was 0.77±1.07, which is 1.52 more healthy teeth than in the control group — DMFT score 2.29±1.59 (t=4.01; p <0.01). The medical and economic efficiency of the fluoride prevention of dental caries in 12-year-olds schoolchildren through the use of a composite fluorine-containing sealant is expressed in the eradication of caries (less than 1 affected tooth according to the World Health Organization classification) and amounts to 437.38 rubles of notional saved costs per child for sealing versus dental treatment. Conclusion. The use of a fluoride composite material reduces the severity of dental caries in children and the ­notional saved costs for sealing teeth.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90183288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the Kazan surgical school in better understanding of sepsis","authors":"V. Volkov, S. Volkov","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-400","url":null,"abstract":"The work aims to give a clinical assessment of the scientific research of representatives of the Kazan surgical school in the 4060s of the last century on the problem of sepsis and to consider the practical significance of the results obtained in the light of modern concepts about the purulent-septic disease, as well as to study the effectiveness of the methods used to reduce mortality in wound sepsis. The representatives of the Kazan surgical school were among the first physicians in the national medical society to substantiate the key role of the local focus/foci and generalization of infection in the development of sepsis. They first laid the foundations for the prevention of generalization of infection from the primary focus as the main factor for developing sepsis. Their data on the role of bacteremia in the etiology of sepsis and the prevention of fulminant sepsis are still relevant. These achievements remain priorities for the domestic surgical school and have become part and parcel of the international guidelines 2016 on sepsis (Sepsis-3).","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89308893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XII Russian scientific practical conference with international participation “Human health in 21st century”","authors":"S. Ksembaev, Ксембаев Саид Сальменович, O. Torgashova, Торгашова Ольга Евгеньевна","doi":"10.17816/KAZMJ71243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KAZMJ71243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84453057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening methods for autism spectrum disorders in the study of neuropsychological development of preschool children","authors":"E. Tkachuk, N. N. Martynovich, L. Rychkova","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-302","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the effectiveness of screening methods for diagnosing autism spectrum disorders available to the pediatric service; to prove in practice impossibilities to identify signs of autism spectrum disorders by using the existed pediatric methods. \u0000Methods. The neuropsychological development of 187 preschool children (56 years old) was investigated. The neurological status, anxiety according to A.M. Parishioners, level of intelligence using Raven's Progressive Matrices, the presence of hyperactivity according to the method of V.R. Kuchma, mental performance according to V.Ya. Anfimov, screening diagnostics of autism spectrum disorders were studied. \u0000Results. Assessment of the neurological status showed an increase in tendon reflexes in 10.22.2% of children, a decrease in 12.32.4%. The study of the intelligence levels in the Ravenna test showed that the average intelligence level was in 47.13.7% of the studied children, the intelligence was below the average in 52.93.7% of children. Screening diagnostics of autism spectrum disorders did not reveal abnormalities, however, 5.31.6% of children had signs of predisposition to the autism spectrum disorder (decreased adaptation to changes, nervousness and fears, verbal and non-verbal communication, level of activity and consistency of intellectual response). The indicator of the productivity of mental performance of preschool children was 5.40.5. Attention deficit was detected in 5.91.7% of children (according to the parent's questionnaire) and 8.62.0% children (according to the teachers' questionnaire). The level of anxiety was 9.60.3 points. \u0000Conclusion. The currently known screening methods for detecting autism spectrum disorders, available to the pediatric service, in our opinion, are uninformative; the search for the most sensitive markers of autism should be based on an understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms of autism spectrum disorders.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86319419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between breastfeeding and maternal education and family income","authors":"A. Bezrukova, M. Yarmolinskaya, O. Sazonova, N. V. Spiridonova, M. N. Komarova","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-355","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the relationship between breastfeeding and maternal education and family income in Samara. \u0000Methods. A survey was conducted among 174 mothers in the children's outpatient clinic, in which their children were assigned at the place of residence. Information on breastfeeding and its duration, mother's education, and family income were obtained by questionnaire and copying data from outpatient records. Pearson's chi-square, MannWhitney U test and logistic regression were used in the statistical processing of the data. \u0000Results. There was a positive association of maternal education (2=11.25; p=0.024) and income (2=11.5; p=0.022) with breastfeeding practices. Higher education, compared with specialized secondary or secondary education, increased the likelihood of breastfeeding for more than 6 months with an odds ratio of 2.6 (95% confidence interval 1.185.73; p=0.018). The median (and its Q1Q3 quartiles) breastfeeding duration was 4.0 months (Q1Q3 2.014.0 months) for mothers with secondary or specialized secondary education and 12.0 months (Q1Q3 4.018.0 months; p=0.012) for mothers with higher education. It was found that 67.7% of women with incomes above the subsistence level per family member ($150) breastfed for more than 7 months and only 43.9% of women with incomes below the subsistence level (p=0.011). The likelihood of breastfeeding for more than 6 months in household income above one minimum wage per family member compared with household income below increases with an odds ratio of 2.18 (95% confidence interval 1.034.60; p=0.041). There was no relationship between lactation cessation and maternal education or family income. \u0000Conclusion. There is a positive relationship between mother's education and family income and the practice of breastfeeding.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91356280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the antioxidant status in patients with secondary lymphedema of the lower extremities under conservative treatment","authors":"R. Kalinin, I. Suchkov, D. A. Maksaev, Y. Abalenikhina","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-277","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the antioxidant status in patients with secondary lymphedema of the lower extremities who undergo different types of conservative treatment. Methods. The study included 90 patients with secondary lymphedema of the lower extremities and 30 healthy volunteers. Group 1 participants (n=30) received compression therapy and Vitamin E at a dose of 400 IU/day, group 2 participants (n=30) compression therapy and a micronized purified flavonoid fraction 1000 mg/day, group 3 (n=30) compression therapy alone. Group 4 (n=30) comprised healthy volunteers. The level of malondialdehyde, the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and the level of non-protein thiols (SH-groups) were determined at inclusion in the study and then after 1 and 3 months. Results. In patients with secondary lymphedema, the initial level of glutathione peroxidase was higher by 768.22%, catalase — by 420.5%, malondialdehyde — by 60%, and the level of SH-groups was lower by 65,71% compared with the group of volunteers. In the first group, there was a significant decrease of 36.1% in the level of superoxide dismutase and a significant increase of 89.9% in the level of glutathione peroxidase at the end of therapy when compared with the level after 1 month. In the second group, catalase level significantly increased — by 33.3%, superoxide dismutase by 17.6%, and glutathione peroxidase by 61.3% compared to baseline values. The biochemical indicators of the endothelium significantly increased when using a combination of micronized purified flavonoid fraction and elastic compression in comparison with elastic compression alone and a combination with Vitamin E. In the third group, there were no significant differences in the levels of biochemical indicators of endothelial function. Conclusion. Increased formation of lipid peroxidation products along with a decrease in the activity of antioxidant systems was revealed in patients with lower extremity secondary lymphedema compared with healthy volunteers; the most effective therapy aimed at correcting endothelial cell dysfunction is the use of micronized purified flavonoid fraction and elastic compression.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83652223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of transanal drainage tube in low anterior resection for rectal cancer","authors":"F. Akhmetzyanov, Ахметзянов Фоат Шайхутдинович, V. Egorov, Егоров Василий Иванович, D. Ruvinskiy, Рувинский Давид Маркович, O. V. Lûtikovа, Лютикова Оксана Викторовна","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-335","url":null,"abstract":"Total mesorectal excision with low anterior resection has significantly improved the long-term outcomes of surgical treatment for rectal cancer, decreasing the local recurrence rate and increasing survival. However, total mesorectal excision is becoming one of the main factors for the development of colorectal anastomosis leakage, the rate of which reaches 20% in these operations. To minimize the complications associated with the inconsistency of the colorectal anastomotic suture, preventive intestinal stoma is formed when performing low anterior resections. That significantly worsen the quality of life of patients, their elimination requires re-hospitalization, and surgical interventions are accompanied by a high incidence of postoperative complications, reaching a rate of 20%, which has a significant impact on the cost of treatment for this category of patients. Transanal drainage is an alternative to the formation of preventive intestinal stoma and is devoid of its shortcomings. This literature review is devoted to an analysis of the effectiveness of transanal drainage in low anterior rectal resection. Until recently, transanal drainage has not yet gained popularity among surgeons due to the lack of evidence of its safety and effectiveness, and many studies are retrospective, including small samples. The review considered single-center, multicenter, randomized trials and a meta-analysis of the use of transanal drainage. Transanal drainage is an effective method for preven­ting the inconsistency of colorectal anastomotic suture, it is safe, and it surpasses the preventive intestinal stoma in a number of indicators.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78249615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-molecular-weight fibroblast growth factor-2 — a viable prognostic factor for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors","authors":"E. Mikheeva, Михеева Екатерина Геннадьевна, Aida Aukhadieva, Аухадиева Аида Маратовна, A. Sabirov, Сабиров Алексей Германович, S. Boichuk, Бойчук Сергей Васильевич","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-313","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To examine the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 and its isoforms in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and assess the prognostic value of this marker. Methods. The study included 44 patients with gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach who were prescribed surgical or combined treatment with the targeted drug imatinib (imatinib mesylate). Immunohistochemistry (IHC)-staining and immunoblotting with monoclonal antibodies were used to assess the expression of FGF-2. Statistical analysis for differences in clinical and morphological parameters was performed by using Student’s, Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon and Fisher’s tests. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results. Fibroblast growth factor-2 expression was assessed in tumor tissues in 39 out of 44 analyzed patients. The frequency of fibroblast growth factor-2 expression in the observed patients was 84.6% (33/39). The moderate and strong fibroblast growth factor-2 expression was detected in 21 (53.8%) patients with gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors. High expression of low-molecular weight (18 kDa) fibroblast growth factor-2 isoform was found in all tumor samples from patients with high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor (prognostic group 6) (p=0.039), which indicated the active secretion of this ligand by its signalling pathway in the cancer cells. Patients with high levels of low‐molecular‐weight fibroblast growth factor-2 showed a higher level of Ki-67 proliferative activity (р=0.013) and tumor size (р=0.0017). Patients with increased expression of the low molecular weight isoform of fibroblast growth factor-2 in gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor had a higher risk of recurrence, as well as larger tumor size and proliferative activity compared with patients without expression of this isoform. The level of fibroblast growth factor-2 expression in tumor samples, determined by immunohistochemistry-staining, increases after initiation of imatinib to based therapy, which may indicate the formation of resistance to this targeted drug and the progression of the disease. Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that FGF-2 might be an independent prognostic marker of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor and a viable therapeutic target.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82392826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The contribution of Kazan scientists to the success of the fight against child mortality","authors":"A. Baranov, V. Albitsky, I. K. Zakirov","doi":"10.17816/KMJ2021-258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2021-258","url":null,"abstract":"The work aims to analyze and present the contribution of scientists from Kazan medical universities and their pupils to the success of combat child mortality in Russia in the twentieth century using the historical and medical method. The most important results of the works of Kazan scientists can be considered the following: (1) the finding of underestimation of infant mortality; (2) development of methods for its statistical analysis; (3) identification of medical-statistical and social hygienic patterns of child mortality; (4) scientific substantiation of the methodology and strategy for reducing infant mortality in the USSR; (5) a comprehensive study of the problems of child mortality and substantiation of ways to reduce it in the Russian Federation in the late 20th early 21st centuries. Measures are proposed to further reduce child mortality, including a regional approach, reduction of the population's genetic load, priority implementation of antenatal and neonatal prophylaxis, prompt and full provision of treatment by the state for children with rare diseases, further development of specialized and rehabilitation assistance provided to children, intensive development of medical and social assistance.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74519333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}