Kazan medical journal最新文献

{"title":"Clinical case of multivisceral en bloc resection for locally advanced cancer of the colon hepatic flexure","authors":"V. I. Egorov, F. Akhmetzyanov, Harshal A. Kaulgud, D. M. Ruvinskiy","doi":"10.17816/kmj628774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj628774","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Currently, 15–20% of colorectal cancer cases are diagnosed at the locally advanced T4b stage. Treatment of this category of patients causes significant difficulties due to the degree of prevalence and the presence of a complicated course of the disease itself. \u0000AIM: Demonstration of a clinical case with an operation — multivisceral resection with pancreatoduodenal resection — for locally advanced cancer of the right half of the colon, as well as the oncological rationale for this operation. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: This paper describes a case of treatment of a female patient with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the colon hepatic angle, complicated by toxic-anemic syndrome and symptoms of partial intestinal obstruction. She underwent en bloc multivisceral resection with pancreatoduodenal resection. \u0000RESULTS: The patient was discharged on the 10th day after surgery in satisfactory condition, no complications were registered. Subsequently, adjuvant treatment was carried out: 5 courses of therapeutic polychemotherapy according to the XELOX regimen (capecitabine was received on an outpatient basis at a dose of 1500 mg 2 times a day, course 2 weeks). 12 months after surgery, progression of the disease in the form of metastases to the lungs was established, and 6 courses of bevacizumab therapy were administered. Currently the process has stabilized. \u0000CONCLUSION: A clinical case demonstrates the possibility of R0 resection for locally advanced cancer of the colon hepatic flexure with ingrowth into the liver, pancreas, duodenum and achieving good long-term results.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of arterial hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease from the perspective of the 2023 European recommendations","authors":"O. Sigitova","doi":"10.17816/kmj626252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj626252","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is a common disease in the adult population with an increasing tendency, it leads to damage to target organs, including the kidneys, with the development of chronic kidney disease, and increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality. The paper provides an overview of the European guidelines for the treatment of arterial hypertension, updated in 2023, approved by the European Kidney Association and the International Society of Hypertension, in the context of chronic kidney disease — in comparison with the previous European guidelines (2018) and the current National clinical guidelines (2021). The updated recommendations retain the main provisions of the strategy for the treatment of arterial hypertension with chronic kidney disease of the 2018 European recommendations. Updates have been made to the classification of the main and additional groups of drugs for the treatment of arterial hypertension. For the first time, a new group of “special drugs for the treatment of concomitant pathology” has been added, including three classes of drugs: (1) neprilysin receptor antagonists, (2) sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors, (3) non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. A step-by-step algorithm for choosing antihypertensive drugs for arterial hypertension depending on the stage of chronic kidney disease has been updated. Recommendations for the treatment of resistant arterial hypertension were covered in detail. Some new recommendations were included for blood pressure targets based on albuminuria levels and other factors. A slightly modified scale for assessing cardiovascular risk in patients with arterial hypertension was presented and the role of chronic kidney disease stages III–V as an independent factor of high or very high cardiovascular risk was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the placenta in the formation of gestational complications in women with metabolic syndrome","authors":"A. Orazmuradov, E. Mukovnikova, I.V. Bekbaeva, A.A. Orazmuradova, Zh. Suleymanova","doi":"10.17816/kmj626829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj626829","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome has increased significantly worldwide, and in most countries around the world this non-communicable disease has become a major health threat. Today, the mechanisms of metabolic syndrome influence on the development of various pregnancy complications are actively discussed. Studies of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the relationship between metabolic disorders and placental-associated pregnancy complications deserve special attention. The placenta performs essential functions throughout pregnancy and serves as a site for nutrient exchange and gas exchange between the pregnant woman and the fetus. Metabolic changes in women are closely associated with a number of placentally mediated obstetric complications, including preeclampsia, placental insufficiency, macrosomia, fetal growth restriction and antenatal fetal death. It is believed that it is in the first trimester of pregnancy that trophoblast cells are most sensitive to metabolic changes in homeostasis, which leads to their ischemia, impaired proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis. In pregnancies complicated by metabolic syndrome, the placenta is exposed to inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and altered hormone levels. Such metabolic changes can affect the development and function of the placenta, leading to abnormal fetal growth, as well as metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in children in the long term. Despite the wide range of pregnancy complications with metabolic syndrome, the mechanisms of their development have not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of this review was to summarize current knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of the influence of metabolic syndrome on the development and function of the placenta.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of surgical treatment of adrenocortical cancer","authors":"L. P. Kotelnikova, A. Fedachuk","doi":"10.17816/kmj630263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj630263","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Adrenalectomy is the only possible method of radical treatment of adrenocortical cancer, and surgical approach (laparotomy or laparoscopy) remains a subject of debate. \u0000AIM: To evaluate one-year mortality in patients with adrenocortical cancer and determine its relationship with age, stage of the disease, tumor characteristics according to computed tomography results, and surgical approach. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the Perm Regional Clinical Hospital, over the past 7 years, 107 patients have been operated on for adrenal tumors, of which 15 (14.01%) people were diagnosed with adrenocortical cancer. Adrenalectomy was performed by open (11) and laparoscopic (4) approaches. The results were assessed by the number of local relapses of the disease and life expectancy. Statistical analysis was carried out using standard application programs Statistica for Windows 10.0. Nonparametric methods of descriptive statistics were used. To determine the relationship between individual pairs of characteristics and the degree of its severity, the Spearman correlation coefficient (r) was calculated. \u0000RESULTS: Stage I of the disease according to the ENSAT classification was found in 1 case, II — in 7, III — in 5, IV — in 2 cases. The size of tumors removed laparoscopically was significantly smaller (p=0.042) compared to those operated on with an open approach. One-year survival rate was 80%. Surgical approach and combined operations did not affect one-year mortality (r=0.277; p=0.298 and r=–0.462; p=0.071). A relationship was found between lethal outcomes and age (r=–0.539; p=0.030), and the rate of washout of the contrast agent from the tumor in the delayed phase when performing computed tomography (r=–0.845; p=0.034). In case of lethal outcomes, the rate of washout of the contrast agent was the lowest. The life expectancy of patients depended on the stage of the disease (r=–0.590; p=0.016). \u0000CONCLUSION: One-year mortality in patients with adrenocortical cancer was 20% and had a moderate positive correlation with age, stage of the disease and a strong correlation with tumor characteristics based on bolus-enhanced computed tomography, but had no relationship with the chosen surgical approach.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal development and professional path of the outstanding domestic odontologist, Professor G.I. Vilga","authors":"K. A. Pashkov, V. A. Bondar'","doi":"10.17816/kmj501776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj501776","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents for the first time a complete scientific biography of Gilarii-Zdislav Ivanovich Vilga, created on the basis of archival and literary sources of the early twentieth century. G.I. Vilga was a recognized founder of Russian forensic dentistry and one of the founders of Russian maxillofacial surgery. However, his services to domestic dentistry were not limited to this. Signs of the institutionalization of dentistry in Russia at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries were the reform of education (private dental schools, the first departments of odontology at universities), the emergence of specialized societies, congresses and the press. Professor G.I. Vilga was one of the first private assistant professors of odontology at Moscow University, the founder of the Moscow dental school and its head, chairman of the Moscow Odontological Society and editor of its printed organ, board chairman of the Russian Dental Union and two All-Russian Dental Congresses. All this gives us the right to consider him one of the founders of domestic dentistry.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of the osmotic and anti-inflammatory activity of soft dosage forms of pyrimidine drugs on hydrophilic bases in an experiment","authors":"A. G. Izmailov, S. V. Dobrokvashin, S. G. Izmailov, E. Lukoyanychev, Andrey Yu. Zharinov","doi":"10.17816/kmj606656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj606656","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Despite the constant search for new medications for local prevention of surgical infection, the problem of purulent-inflammatory complications from postoperative soft tissue wounds remains relevant to this day. \u0000AIM: To experimentally study the osmotic activity and anti-inflammatory properties of the developed xymedone-containing ointment composition levoxycol in comparison with the well-known ointment dioxomethyltetrahydropyrimidine + chloramphenicol (levomekol). \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: The anti-inflammatory properties of the ointments were studied in vivo on 60 outbred male Wistar rats, which were divided into three groups, 20 animals each. The first group served as control. In the second group of animals, levomekol ointment was used, in the third group — levoxycol. An assessment of the osmotic activity of the experimental ointment composition levoxycol in comparison with a known drug was carried out in an in vitro experiment. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of ointments, a model of carrageenan-induced edema of rat paws was used. To analyze differences in the frequency of the studied outcomes in groups of animals, the Mann–Whitney U test was used. \u0000RESULTS: Osmotic activity showed that wipes soaked in ointment forms absorbed the following amount of contrast (Me [Q1; Q3]): levomekol — 28.2 (26.4; 31.3) ml; levoxycol — 41.8 (39.5; 43.4) ml (p=0.001). The anti-inflammatory activity of the ointment forms manifested itself in the form of suppression of swelling of the rats' paws at 3 and 5 hours after the injection of carrageenan. When using the ointment form of levomekol, the volume of displaced liquid with the introduction of carrageenan, starting from 3 hours, was 1.8±0.19 ml. When using the ointment form of levoxicol, the amount of displaced liquid when carrageenan was administered, starting from 3 hours, was 1.57±0.16 ml (p=0.013). \u0000CONCLUSION: In vitro experiments have shown that the ointment form of levoxicol has a longer osmotic activity; experimental data in vivo indicated that the use of the developed ointment form of levoxicol, in contrast to the ointment form of levomekol, has a positive effect on the course of inflammatory processes in soft tissues in the first 2–3 hours by reducing the volume of displaced fluid.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the treatment effectiveness in patients with stage IIB–IIIB ovarian cancer","authors":"V. N. Zhurman","doi":"10.17816/kmj624991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj624991","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The relevance of the study is due to the urgent problem of assessing therapy effectiveness for stage IIB–IIIB ovarian cancer. \u0000AIM: Study of patients' survival rates after surgical treatment of various forms of stages IIB–IIIB of ovarian cancer depending on a number of clinical and morphological factors. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material for the study was long-term observations of patients who received treatment from 2004 to 2021 at the Primorsky Regional Oncology Dispensary, the source was the medical record of an inpatient (form 003/u). The group of patients with stage IIB–IIIB ovarian cancer consisted of 107 patients, average age 50.7±11.5 years. Of these, 43 (40.2%) were women with stage IIB, 46 (43.0%) patients with stage IIIA, 3 (2.8%) patients with stage IIIA2, 15 (14.0%) patients with stage IIIB. Overall survival and progression-free survival were assessed. Statistical methods included survival analysis using the Kaplan–Meier method with the construction of survival curves, medians and standard errors of survival time, and comparison of survival between groups of patients using the log-rank test. \u0000RESULTS: In patients with low-grade serous carcinoma, the five-year progression-free survival rate was higher than in patients with high-grade serous carcinoma (71.1±13.5 and 39.5±7.7%, respectively; p 0.01). Primary surgical treatment performed in gynecological hospitals reduced the median life expectancy and five-year survival rate by 150.0 months and 25.9% (p 0.01; RR=3.4; 95% CI=1.2–9.4). Interval cytoreduction reduced the median time to progression and five-year progression-free survival in patients with stage IIB–IIIB ovarian cancer (53.0±35.2 months and 43.7±16.5%) compared with patients underwent primary surgery (70.0±37.5 months and 57.3±6.0%). The five-year survival rate was higher in patients receiving a combination of platinum and taxanes — 94.7±5.1% (p 0.01; HR=0.2; 95% CI=0.05–0.5). \u0000CONCLUSION: In patients with stage IIB–IIIB ovarian cancer, factors such as primary surgical treatment performed in specialized gynecological oncology hospitals and adjuvant chemotherapy with platinum drugs in combination with taxane agents statistically significantly increase survival.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidity of chronic heart failure of ischemic etiology and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 5-year follow-up","authors":"Elena V. Khazova, Olga V. Boulashova, Violetta M. Iakubova, M. I. Malkova","doi":"10.17816/kmj625374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj625374","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The combination of chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease contributes to the formation of the phenotype and survival of patients. \u0000AIM: To study the 5-year prognosis and develop a prognostic model of adverse events in patients with chronic heart failure of ischemic origin in comorbidity with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical signs of patients with chronic heart failure of ischemic origin (n=517), including those in combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=118), and outcomes over 5 years according to end points: death from all causes, cardiovascular death, composite endpoint — all fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, were studied. Quantitative variables were presented as mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range; categorical — in the form of absolute value and percentage. Quantitative intergroup differences were assessed using the Mann–Whitney test, and categorical differences were assessed using the Pearson χ2 test. Time to event was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method; hazard ratio — by Cox regression. Models were developed using binary logistic regression. Statistical processing was carried out in the Jamovi, R 4.3.1 programs. \u0000RESULTS: The clinical portrait of a patient with chronic heart failure of ischemic origin in the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was characterized by a predominance of men in older age groups, a high frequency of smoking, a worse quality of life, determined by the Minnesota Questionnaire, and a high level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, α1- and α2-globulins. Patients with heart failure in the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had higher overall and cardiovascular mortality (p=0.029 and p=0.02), the frequency of hospitalizations not related to cardiovascular disease (p=0.02), less non-fatal cardiovascular events (p=0.04). \u0000CONCLUSION: In patients with heart failure, the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increased the risk of death from all causes by 2.07 times, cardiovascular mortality by 2.24 times, and achieving the combined endpoint by 1.68 times. Regression models were developed to determine the probability of risk of death from all causes and cardiovascular death.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undernutrition as a risk factor for tuberculosis disease","authors":"","doi":"10.17816/kmj634433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj634433","url":null,"abstract":"This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Franco JVA, Bongaerts B, Metzendorf MI, Risso A, Guo Y, Peña Silva L, Boeckmann M, Schlesinger S, Damen JAAG, Richter B, Baddeley A, Bastard M, Carlqvist A, Garcia-Casal MN, Hemmingsen B, Mavhunga F, Manne-Goehler J, Viney K, Bellorini J. Undernutrition as a risk factor for tuberculosis disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2024. Issue 6. Art. No. CD015890. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015890.pub2","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"100 years of Infectious Diseases Department of Kazan State Medical University","authors":"Irina V. Nikolaeva, G. Murtazina","doi":"10.17816/kmj633599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj633599","url":null,"abstract":"In June 2024, the Department of Infectious Diseases of Kazan State Medical University celebrated its 100th anniversary. The department was organized during a tense epidemic situation on infectious diseases in Russia due to the need for specialized training of medical personnel, as well as conducting active scientific research on infectious pathology. Throughout the history of the department, its staff included outstanding scientists and talented teachers who were not only engaged in scientific research and the educational process, but also actively participated in the fight against infectious diseases in practical healthcare. Currently, the staff of the department is actively introducing advanced teaching methods, conducting scientific research, developing protocols and clinical recommendations. Numerous graduates of the department, who have received the specialty of infectious disease doctor, work effectively in all corners of our country.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}