Next Generation Plant Breeding最新文献

Role of Next-Generation RNA-Seq Data in Discovery and Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNA in Plants 下一代RNA- seq数据在植物长链非编码RNA发现和鉴定中的作用

Next Generation Plant Breeding Pub Date : 2018-09-26 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72773

Shivi Tyagi, Alok K. Sharma, Santosh Kumar Upadhyay

{"title":"Role of Next-Generation RNA-Seq Data in Discovery and Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNA in Plants","authors":"Shivi Tyagi, Alok K. Sharma, Santosh Kumar Upadhyay","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72773","url":null,"abstract":"The next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies embrace advance sequencing tech- nologies that can generate high-throughput RNA-seq data to delve into all the possible aspects of the transcriptome. It involves short-read sequencing approaches like 454, illu- mina, SOLiD and Ion Torrent, and more advance single-molecule long-read sequencing approaches including PacBio and nano-pore sequencing. Together with the help of computational approaches, these technologies are revealing the necessity of complex non-coding part of the genome, once dubbed as “junk DNA.” The ease in availability of high-throughput RNA-seq data has allowed the genome-wide identification of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). The high-confidence lncRNAs can be filtered from the set of whole RNA-seq data using the computational pipeline. These can be categorized into intergenic, intronic, sense, antisense, and bidirectional lncRNAs with respect to their genomic localization. The transcription of lncRNAs in plants is carried out by plant-specific RNA poly - merase IV and V in addition to RNA polymerase II and target the epigenetic regulation through RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). lncRNAs regulate the gene expression through a variety of mechanism including target mimicry, histone modification, chromo - some looping, etc. The differential expression pattern of lncRNA during developmental processes and different stress responses indicated their diverse role in plants.","PeriodicalId":177044,"journal":{"name":"Next Generation Plant Breeding","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126247084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Breeding Cultivars for Heat Stress Tolerance in Staple Food Crops 主粮作物耐热性品种的选育

Next Generation Plant Breeding Pub Date : 2018-09-26 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76480

M. Govindaraj, S. K. Pattanashetti, Nagesh Patne, A. Kanatti

{"title":"Breeding Cultivars for Heat Stress Tolerance in Staple Food Crops","authors":"M. Govindaraj, S. K. Pattanashetti, Nagesh Patne, A. Kanatti","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76480","url":null,"abstract":"Food and nutritional security will be worsened by climate change-induced high temperatures, \u0000droughts and reduced water availability in most agricultural food crops environments, \u0000particularly in developing countries. Recent evidences indicate that countries \u0000in the southern hemisphere are more vulnerable to food production due to greater frequency \u0000of extreme weather events. These challenges can be addressed by: (i) adoption of \u0000climate mitigation tools in agricultural and urban activities; (ii) development of heat and \u0000drought tolerant cultivars in major food crops; (iii) bringing back forgoten native minor \u0000food crops such as millets and root crops; and (iv) continued investment in agricultural \u0000research and development with the strong government policy support on native crops \u0000grown by small holder farmers. The native crops have inherent potential and traits to \u0000cope with adverse climate during the course of its evolution process. Therefore, diversifying \u0000the crops should be a prime framework of the climate-smart agriculture to meet \u0000the global food and nutritional security for which policy-driven production changes \u0000are highly required in developing countries. The adverse efects of climate change on \u0000agricultural production need to be addressed by multidisciplinary team and approaches \u0000through strong network of research consortium including private sectors and multinational \u0000governments for global impact.","PeriodicalId":177044,"journal":{"name":"Next Generation Plant Breeding","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122557175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

The Usage of Genomic Selection Strategy in Plant Breeding 基因组选择策略在植物育种中的应用

Next Generation Plant Breeding Pub Date : 2018-09-26 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76247

M. Shamshad, Achla Sharma

{"title":"The Usage of Genomic Selection Strategy in Plant Breeding","authors":"M. Shamshad, Achla Sharma","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76247","url":null,"abstract":"Major paradigm shift in plant breeding since the availability of molecular marker tech- nology is that mapping and characterizing the genetic loci that control a trait will lead to improved breeding. Often, one of the rationales for cloning of QTL is to develop the “perfect marker” for MAS, perhaps based on a functional polymorphism. In contrast, an advantage of genomic selection is precisely its black box approach to exploiting genotyp- ing technology to expedite genetic progress. This is an advantage in our view because it does not rely on a “breeding by design” engineering approach to cultivar develop- ment requiring knowledge of biological function before the creation of phenotypes. Breeders can therefore use genomic selection without the large upfront cost of obtain- ing that knowledge. In addition, genomic selection can maintain the creative nature of phenotypic selection which couple’s random mutation and recombination to sometimes arrive at solutions outside the engineer’s scope. Currently, the lion’s share of research on genomic selection has been performed in livestock breeding, where effective population size, extent of LD, breeding objectives, experimental design, and other characteristics of populations and breeding programs are quite different from those of crop species. Nevertheless, a great number of findings within this literature are very illuminating for genomic selection in crops and should be studied and built upon by crop geneticists and breeders. The application of powerful, relatively new statistical methods to the problem of high dimensional marker data for genomic selection has been nearly as important to the development of genomic selection as the creation of high-density marker platforms and greater computing power. The methods can be classified by what type of genetic architecture they try to capture.","PeriodicalId":177044,"journal":{"name":"Next Generation Plant Breeding","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134342655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Marker-Assisted Breeding in Wheat 小麦的标记辅助育种

Next Generation Plant Breeding Pub Date : 2018-09-26 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74724

Nana Vagndorf, P. Kristensen, J. R. Andersen, A. Jahoor, J. Orabi

{"title":"Marker-Assisted Breeding in Wheat","authors":"Nana Vagndorf, P. Kristensen, J. R. Andersen, A. Jahoor, J. Orabi","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74724","url":null,"abstract":"Selection is an integral component in plant breeding, which ensures the progressive values of the breeding material, in terms of yield and quality. However, selection is influenced by the environment in any given growing season. The observed phenotype is a product of the genotype (G), the environment (E), and/or genotype × environment (G×E). Therefore, phenotypic selection is not always the best predirector of the genotype. Therefore, an environment-independent method is preferred by the breeder. The development of molecular markers in plants has facilitated marker-assisted selection (MAS). MAS requires the establishment of correlation between a desired trait such as disease resistance and molecular marker(s). This can be obtained, e.g., by phenotyping a genetic mapping population followed by QTL analysis. Initially, this process was slow due to the laborious nature of the first DNA molecular marker system, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Later, with the discovery of various marker systems amenable to automation and the development of genotyping techniques and instruments, MAS has become a standard procedure in plant breeding. In wheat breeding, MAS helped to accelerate the introgression of many genes that contribute to improve quality and resistance.","PeriodicalId":177044,"journal":{"name":"Next Generation Plant Breeding","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124147435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The CRISPR/Cas9 System for Crop Improvement: Progress and Prospects 用于作物改良的CRISPR/Cas9系统:进展与展望

Next Generation Plant Breeding Pub Date : 2018-03-23 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75024

K. Leong, Yee-Han Chan, Wan Muhamad Asrul Nizam Wan Abdullah, S. Lim, K. Lai

{"title":"The CRISPR/Cas9 System for Crop Improvement: Progress and Prospects","authors":"K. Leong, Yee-Han Chan, Wan Muhamad Asrul Nizam Wan Abdullah, S. Lim, K. Lai","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75024","url":null,"abstract":"The global demand for high-quality crops is continuously growing with time. Crop improvement techniques have a long history and they had been applied since the begin-ning of domestication of the first agricultural plants. Since then, various new techniques have and are being developed to further increase the commercial value and yield of crops. The latest crop improvement technique known as genome editing is a technique that enables precise modification of the plant genome via knocking out undesirable genes or enabling genes to gain new function. The variants generated from the genome editing are indistinguishable from naturally occurring variation. It is also less time-consuming and more readily accepted in the market commercially. The usage of genome editing has proven to be advantages and plays a promising role in future crop improvement efforts. Therefore, in this chapter, we aim to highlight the progress and application of genome editing techniques, in particular, the CRISPR/Cas9 system as a powerful genome editing tool for crop improvement. In addition, the challenges and future prospects of this tech - nology for crop improvement will also be discussed.","PeriodicalId":177044,"journal":{"name":"Next Generation Plant Breeding","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131199086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Soybean Breeding on Seed Composition Trait 大豆种子组成性状的选育

Next Generation Plant Breeding Pub Date : 2018-03-16 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74353

Qi Zhaoming, Jing-Yao Yu, Hongtao Qin, Zhang Zhanguo, Shiyu Huang, Xinyu Wang, Ma Xinrui, Qi Huidong, Zhengong Yin, Candong Li, Xiaoxia Wu, X. Dawei, J. Hongwei, L. Chunyan, Hu Zhenbang, Chen Qingshan

引用次数: 1

Functional Mapping of Plant Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana 拟南芥植物生长的功能定位

Next Generation Plant Breeding Pub Date : 2018-02-27 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74424

Kaiyue Liu, W. Bo, Lina Wang, R. Wu, Libo Jiang

{"title":"Functional Mapping of Plant Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Kaiyue Liu, W. Bo, Lina Wang, R. Wu, Libo Jiang","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74424","url":null,"abstract":"Most traits important to agriculture, biology, and biomedicine are complex traits, deter- mined by both genetic and environmental factors. The complex traits that change their phenotypes over different stages of development are called dynamic traits. Traditional quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping approaches ignore the dynamic changes of complex traits. Functional mapping, as a powerful statistical tool, can not only map QTLs that con- trol the developmental pattern and process of complex traits, but also describe the dynamic changes of complex traits. In this study, we used functional mapping to identify those QTLs that affect height growth in 10th generation recombinant inbred lines derived from two different Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. Functional mapping identified 48 QTLs that are related to height traits. The growth curves of different genotypes can be drawn for each significant locus. By GO gene function annotations, we found that these QTLs detected are associated with the synthesis of biological macromolecules and the regulation of biological functions. Our findings provide unique insights into the genetic control of height growth of A. thaliana and will provide a theoretical basis for the study of complex traits.","PeriodicalId":177044,"journal":{"name":"Next Generation Plant Breeding","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134243622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0