Jurnal Kejuruteraan最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Lime on Compaction Characteristics of Jamshoro Shale","authors":"Shoaib Abdullah, Nouman Ali, Muhammad Behram, Aneel Kumar","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-11","url":null,"abstract":"The most complex problem for any civil engineering work is when the structure which is laying on the soil is weak. Jamshoro shale is an example of such problematic soil, which gets expanded as soon as it is exposed to moisture and shrinks back once it dries. Such phenomenon is very critical for the structures and road networks built on shale forming settlements and cracks. Such kinds of soil must be stabilized by chemical or mechanical techniques to make them strong enough to carry the loads and resist settlements and cracking. The stabilization of the ground by utilizing or adding any chemical agent is a sustainable approach; it strengthens the soil properties without replacing or wasting the soil present. In this research, the treatment of lime with shale is been performed to observe the modification of the geotechnical characteristics of the soil. The different proportions of Hydrated Lime 0%, 7%, 8%, and 9% were mixed by the dry weight of soil to investigate the effect of lime on the compaction and plasticity characteristics of the shale. Various tests such as the modified proctor test, liquid limit test, and plastic limit test performed in the laboratory. From the results, it was observed that the properties of Jamshoro shale such as plasticity index, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density were improved. The plasticity index of shale dropped to 2% from 24%. That suggests lime can be used as an economical and eco-friendly stabilizing agent.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139332854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing Stress Concentration Factor in Finite Plate with Different Polygonal Discontinuities Under Uniaxial Compression Using FEM","authors":"Rashmiben H. Patel, Bhavesh P Patel","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-05","url":null,"abstract":"A geometric, or theoretical, stress-concentration factor is the ratio of the actual maximum stress at the discontinuity to the nominal stress. Stress concentrations occur when there are irregularities in the geometry or material of a structural component that cause an interruption to the flow of stress. This arises from such details as holes, grooves, notches, and fillets. A detailed understanding of the stress concentration around the hole is essential for optimal design and resilience to mechanical failure. Therefore, in the design of structures, it is essential to study the effects of polygonal discontinuities in structures to achieve convenient and efficient designs. The current paper investigated the stress concentration factor around the polygonal holes in the finite structural steel plate, assuming a plane stress state and uniaxial compression loading. The present study provides a complete finite element analysis of stress concentrations in structural steel plates with polygonal cutouts (triangular, square, pentagonal, and hexagonal), in contrast to the side ratio of a polygonal hole, and the length, and height ratio of a square hole. The increasing order of stresses and SCF are square, triangular, pentagonal, and hexagonal. Due to the more edges of polygonal shapes parallel to the loading direction and minimum corners positioned in the direction of loading, a square-shaped hole produces 40% less SCF than a hexagonal-shaped hole.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Function and Appearance Design of Smart Street Lamps Based on Kansei Engineering: A Literature Review","authors":"Junchao Ge, Go Tze Fong, Teo Hiu Hong, Lipeng Wang","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-22","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of smart cities to alleviate the challenges of urban development in relation to population, resources, and environment is widely recognized, making it a key urban development trend for the future. Smart street lamps (SSLs) are a crucial component of smart city infrastructure. However, their current unreasonable function settings and appearance design do not meet the emotional needs of residents and come at a high construction cost, resulting in decreased user satisfaction. Based on WOS and CNKI databases, 39 literatures on the aspects of theory, steps and technologies of KE, 32 literatures on the development, basic functions, construction, existing problems, and key technologies of SSLs, and 6 papers on street lamps functions or appearance design research based on KE be reviewed in this paper. Therefore, the application of KE method in SSL design be extensively reviewed, with emphasis on the future development direction of KE, the design principles of SSLs, and the implementation of KE in SSL design. This review aims to summarize the research gaps, future research directions, and future development trends of KE and SSL. Ultimately, the review concludes that the integration of KE in SSL design research is crucial to improve SSL products’ rationality, openness, and amicability, guided by scientific SSL design principles.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139331863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultimate Load Behaviour of Castellated Beams with Stiffened Octagonal Openings","authors":"Y. H. Lim, M. Y. M. Yatim","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-21","url":null,"abstract":"ctagonal castellated beam is fabricated by adding spacer plates between the web joints of the hexagonal castellated beam to further increase the beam depth. The resulted deep beam is advantageous to enhance the shear carrying capacity and moment resistance. However, large web openings are prone to Vierendeel mechanism in the deformation that lowers the overall beam performance due to formation of plastic hinges. The present paper is concerned with non-linear analysis to predict the ultimate load behaviour of octagonal castellated beams. Finite element models were developed by using a commercial programme LUSAS. The numerical models were first validated against the experimental results reported by other researchers. This study aims to propose the ideal configuration of web opening stiffeners and evaluate the effectiveness of the additional stiffening material for different beam span lengths. Provision of ring stiffeners is effective in short span beams in respect of resistance to Vierendeel failure. The stiffeners have increased the ultimate load to the extent of 73% in which the strength restoration is considerably near to the capacity of its parent universal beam. In long span beams, however, the stiffeners can only improve the performance up to 26.61% with larger additional steel materialthan that of shorter span. In all cases, the stiffener thickness is found to be the governing factor to restoring the loss of shear strength due to large web openings. The number of stiffeners contributes no appreciable variation of ultimate load particularly in long span beams where bending is prominent","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139332459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Water Requirements for Major Crops in Sindh Using Cropwat Model","authors":"Ateeque Rehman, A. A. Memon, Shafi Muhammad Kori, Asadullah Sarki","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-12","url":null,"abstract":"Due to population growth and increasing urbanization trends, there is a shortage of water around the world. Irrigation systems are critical for increasing crop output and ensuring food security. Desertification caused by humans and water shortages have further exacerbated the world's regular water scarcity, putting a significant impact on food production. Water scarcity and rising food demands necessitate greater efficiency in water use, both in rain-fed and irrigated agriculture. Hence, it is the most demanding requirement for the farming community to use some type of irrigation planning to conserve the limited water resources. The purpose of this study is to calculate crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling for some major crops in Sindh using the CROPWAT model developed by FAO of United Nations. In this regard, selection from among the major crops cultivated in the Sindh province of Pakistan was made in such a way at least one crop from each category be included in this research. Accordingly, Wheat as Rabi, Rice as Kharif, Sugarcane as Perineal and Chili and Rape-seed Mustard as Cash Crops were selected. CROPWAT model calculates crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling from existing or new climatic- and crop-information. The Input crop data for CROPWAT software was obtained from various online resources and published information, whereas, climatic data incorporated in the CLIMWAT tool attached with CROPWAT was utilized. In addition, the software used average rainfall data of the particular years for each crop observed at DRIP Tandojam metrological station. The results of water requirements for the crops were obtained through CROPWAT model are: Wheat (352.1 mm); Rice (1662.5 mm); Sugarcane (2184.5 mm); Chili (714.4 mm); and Rape-seed Mustard (475.6 mm), while those by lysimeter were: Wheat (415 mm); Rice (1633 mm); Sugarcane 2150 mm); Chili (808.9 mm); and Rape-seed mustard (424.87 mm). These results delineate that there is decrease in crop water requirement of Wheat, Rice, Sugarcane and Chili to the tune of 15%, 1.5%, 11.6% and 1.7%, respectively, whereas an increase of 12% for Rape-seed mustard.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Sound Emission Using Ternary Blend Fuel in Compression Ignition Engine","authors":"Faheem Ahmed Solangi, Liaquat Ali Memon, S. R. Samo, M. R. Luhur, Ali Murtaza Ansari, Ali Raza Solangi","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-19","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative fuel is considered to be suitable oils in diesel engines, which are well known for their ability to diminish lubricant oil debris and noise emissions. A minute research has been done to examine the long-term effects of using blend fuel. In this study, two blend fuels: diesel and waste cooking oil (DF95WCO5), and diesel, waste cooking oil and n-pentanol (DF65WCO20Pe15) were chosen and compared with diesel fuel (DF) to investigate the impact of these blends on noise emission in diesel engine. In order to evaluate the kinematic viscosity and density and determine the effect on sound pressure levels, lubrication oil samples were taken throughout the test at intervals of 20 hours. A literature review was done for the current work's analysis of the literature on the noise emissions from diesel-waste cooking and n-pentanol fuel blends. When the engine was fueled with DF65WCO20Pe15 blend, the engine lubricating oil analysis revealed an extreme wear issue, decreased viscosity, and increased density values. The conclusion is that single cylinder diesel engines can use binary blend DF95WCO5 and ternary blend DF65WCO20Pe15 without any adjustments. DF65WCO20Pe15, in contrast to the reference fuel, achieved some superior outcomes.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emulsion Stability and CO2 Removal Performance of MDEA-AMP Blends with Tween-80 Surfactants","authors":"Siti Balqis Mohd Najib, Sri Ghanesh Muniandy, Adeline Tan Zhi Li, Mohd Nazri Mohd Sokri, Norhana Mohamed Rashid","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-15","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a corrosive and inflammable gas found in natural gas. The most widely technique used for CO2 separation in the natural gas industry is via amine absorption method. However, due to the corrosive nature of amines, researchers actively looking for an alternative method to separate CO2. Therefore, the emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was developed to address this issue. In spite of that, it still remains as challenge to find suitable formulation to produce stable emulsion with good CO2 removal performance. In this study, the amine blend emulsion containing Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) with Tween80 (Polysorbate-80) were prepared. An aqueous phase was formed by blending of MDEA and AMP in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. The organic phase composed of kerosene and Tween-80 used as surfactant. The effect of varying concentrations of Tween-80 on the emulsion stability and CO2 absorption capacity of ELM were investigated in this study. The emulsion was prepared by mixing the aqueous and organic phases for 5 minutes at a speed of 10,000 rpm until it become homogenous. The CO2 absorption capacity was conducted in a rotating disc contactor column with a 2-bar pressure of CO2 gas supply. This study demonstrated that, by blending of 8% v/v MDEA and 4% v/v AMP with 10% v/v Tween-80, 56.89% of CO2 removal could be achieved while maintaining an emulsion stability of 95%.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139332190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuzzy-Genetic based Approach in Decision Making for Repair of Turbochargers using Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Hiyam Adil Habeeb, Dzuraidah Abd Wahab, Abdul Hadi Azman, M. R. Alkahari","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-16","url":null,"abstract":"dditive manufacturing (AM) is an effective technology for repairing and restoring automotive components. However, the effectiveness of additive manufacturing technology in repair and restoration is highly influenced by several factors related to components and process. The objective of this paper is to improve the decision-making in repair and restoration of a turbocharger with AM. In this article, a Fuzzy-Genetic approach was presented as a decision-making tool for repairing a remanufacturable component. Fuzzy logic (FL) is deployed as the method to model the design parameters of a turbocharger, such as design complexity, failure mode, damage size, disassembleability, preprocessing, temperature, durability, pressure ratio and mass flow rate to model the relationship between the inputs and outputs using Mamdani model with their membership functions. Genetic algorithm optimization method was used to optimize the cost of the repairing process once the decision on whether the turbocharger was repairable was determined by the Fuzzy system. The FL approach applied rules affecting the process, the robustness and accuracy of the model increases with a higher number of rules. The work focuses on the dataset related to design information, which represents as a knowledge base for decision parameters on design optimization to automate repair process during remanufacturing. The results showed the effects of the design parameters on repairing and replacement decisions, and how the fuzzy model related the inputs to the outputs based on the generated rules. In conclusion, FGA method can be used to improve the repair and restoration process of a turbocharger through AM technology.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Fabrication of a Portable Low-Cost Rice Milling Machine with Automatic Feeding Mechanism","authors":"Hasan Farid Khan, Mustafa Haider, Shehroze Khan, Ali Akbar, Rizwan Ahmad, Moazzam Ali","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-09","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is an important source of food for humans and holds higher importance, it grows on plants in a shell called a hull. To extract, the rice from its shells a rice milling machine is used. These processing machines are costly and not feasible for farmers to buy for their domestic purposes or for small-scale industries. For overcoming this problem an innovative and affordable rice mill is required, for small businesses. Not only the cost but also the machine parameters are much important. This paper is aimed to evaluate the performance of the designed small-sized model of the rice milling machine along with the analysis of the set parameters for the economic rice extraction from the hull without damaging the kernels. In the first step, a conceptual model in CAD was drawn including detailed specifications. In the second step, the design was evaluated and utilized to reproduce/ fabricate each component for a practical machine. Lastly, the machine was evaluated for its performance. Moreover, an automatic feeding system was also introduced as an innovation to reduce feeding labor and increase production. From the results, it was found that the automatic feeding system was reliable, moreover, the 3-horsepower motor was reduced to 2 horsepower for power saving. The cost of the machine was reduced from 80000Pkr to 55000Pkr. However, the rice processing speed was reduced to 100 kg/hour, from 200 kg/hour, which is aimed to be compensated via an automatic feeding mechanism.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Efficient of Overlapping Grid Method with Scattering Technique in Time Domain for Numerical Modeling","authors":"Bong Siaw Wee, Kismet Hong Ping, Shafrida Sahrani","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-12","url":null,"abstract":"An Overlapping Grid Method (OGM) with Biquadratic Spline Interpolation in scattering technique was developed to solve the direct and inverse scattering issues. A two-dimensional (2D) numerical image model was used to analyze the accuracy of the proposed method in a direct scattering process. It was discovered that when the sub-grid, sx ∆ increased, the absolute error for the electric field amplitude will also increase. The results also discovered that as the grid size ratio increased, the absolute error of the amplitude Z E will also increase. The findings show that smaller grid spacing and a finer grid size can produce more accurate results. The Overlapping Grid Method (OGM) with Biquadratic Spline Interpolation was expanded by incorporating with Forward-Backward Time Stepping (FBTS) technique to solve inverse scattering issues. Homogenous embedded objects with a square and circular shape are used to validate the efficiency of the proposed method. The findings showed that the proposed numerical method could detect and reconstruct embedded objects in different shapes. The efficiency of the proposed method was examined by Mean Square Error (MSE) and normalizing the functional error. The findings revealed that the MSE of dielectric profiles for the proposed method were lower than the FDTD method in FBTS. The relative permittivity and conductivity profile differed by 27.06% and 20%, respectively. Hence, it was proven that the proposed method successfully solved a known drawback to the FDTD method and produced more accurate and efficient results.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}