Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies最新文献

{"title":"Preparation of Doxorubicin-Retinoic Acid Hip Complex Nanomicellar Formulation for Doxorubicin Delivery to Prostate Cancer","authors":"A. Owiti, D. Pal, A. Mitra","doi":"10.32474/JUNS.2019.01.000118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/JUNS.2019.01.000118","url":null,"abstract":"Doxorubicin is a hydrophilic anticancer drug. Due to hydrophilicity, it’s difficult to encapsulate in a hydrophobic core of nanomicelles. The main purpose of this study was to develop a hydrophobic ion paring complex (HIP) of doxorubicin using hydrophobic retinoic acid (Vitamin A). The resultant hydrophobic (DOX-RA) complex was utilized to prepare drug-loaded nanomicelles by co-precipitation method with penta block copolymer. Nanomicelles (DOX-RA/PBNM), was prepared by evaporation rehydration technique. DOX-RA complex was analyzed by H-NMR and FTIR. The nanomicelles were analyzed for size and zeta potential using dynamic light scattering (DLS) as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The FT-IR and the H-NMR analyses confirmed the structures of the DOX-RA complex. Mean nanomicellar sizes were 25.5nm ± 5.00nm, and ζ-potential was approximately zero. H-NMR and FTIR analysis done on DOX-RA indicate peaks characteristic of both doxorubicin and retinoic Acid. This confirmed successful complex formation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed round shaped morphology and sizes similar to DLS results. In vitro release studies revealed that pentablock nanomicelles released Doxorubicin at a slow first order rate in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 compared to pH 5.5 and pH 4.0. Confocal microscopy analysis with DOX-RA/ PBNM indicated that pentablock nanomicelles were efficiently taken into prostate cancer (PC3) cells and doxorubicin was efficiently released from the nanomicelles into the cells. In addition, cell proliferation assay showed that nanomicelles ferried adequate amounts of Doxorubicin into PC-3 cells and inhibited cell growth significantly. Results confirm that DOX-RA complex facilitated the encapsulation of doxorubicin within nanomicelles increasing DOX intracellular concentration. Volume 1 Issue 4 Copyrights @ Alex Oselu Owiti. J Urol Neph St Citation: Alex Oselu Owiti. Preparation of Doxorubicin-Retinoic Acid Hip Complex Nanomicellar Formulation for Doxorubicin Delivery to Prostate Cancer. J Urol Neph St 1(4)2019. JUNS.MS.ID.000118. DOI: 10.32474/JUNS.2019.01.000118. 80 In addition, serious cytotoxic effects may be caused to healthy cells due to non-targeted delivery. These may result in dose-dependent cardiac damages, multidrug resistance, and myelosuppression thus, restricting its therapeutic application [5]. It is important to develop new delivery systems that capable of ferrying sufficient amount of drug to the tumor cells, thereby avoiding the multidrug resistance and frequent dose administrations of chemotherapeutics. One of the attempts to elevate the drug bioavailability in tumor tissue is the application of site-specific delivery systems that may release the encapsulated drugs within tumor cells. Another way is to attain higher accumulation of drug by specific tumor cell targeting. However, this may be difficult to achieve without using a ligand that is unique to the target on the cell surface. Thi","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"2644 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79000053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists on Residual Renal Function Preservation in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients","authors":"Reyes Marin Fernando Arturo","doi":"10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000117","url":null,"abstract":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are recommended in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients for hypertension or heart failure control [1] Angiotensin II (AII) is an important factor in the development of renal fibrosis due to its hemodynamic effects on glomeruli and stimulation of extracellular matrix proteins synthesis, mediated by TGF b [2]. This may explain why treatment with ACEi and ARBs is renoprotective in patients with diabetic and non-diabetic nephropathy.","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81205509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Features, Treatment, and Outcome of Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Germ Cell Tumors","authors":"B. Leung, Jeffrey Wang, J. Cassaday, Jue Wang","doi":"10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000116","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency that can occur spontaneously or triggered by cancer treatment. This life-threatening condition is most commonly seen in hematologic cancers but is sometimes described in solid tumors such as germ cell tumors (GCTs). The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of TLS in GCTs. Methods: Retrospective review and pooled analysis. Result: Seventeen cases of TLS related to GCTs were identified. These included nonseminomatous GCT (7), seminoma (5), choriocarcinoma (2), ovarian (2), and intracranial germinoma (1). Nine cases (53%) of TLS were treatment-related and eight cases (47%) occurred spontaneously. The median age of patients was 34 years (range: 13-58), excluding one newborn baby. The median time from treatment to TLS was 2.1 days. Seven patients (41%) had liver metastases, but all patients had bulky disease. All of the patients received supportive measures; 4 (24%) patients received rasburicase and 11 patients (64%) underwent hemodialysis. The mortality rate was 44.4% among the nine cases of treatment-related TLS. The mortality rate was 37.5% in the eight patients with spontaneous TLS (STLS). Conclusion: TLS can occur in GCTs that have a high tumor burden. Almost 50% of TLS in GCTs happened spontaneously. Considering the life-threatening nature of TLS in GCTs, health professionals should be alert and monitor for TLS in order to prevent or treat this potentially fatal complication.","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73278910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Endoscopic Injection of Vantris and Gil-Vernet surgery in the Treatment of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)","authors":"","doi":"10.13188/2380-0585.1000027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13188/2380-0585.1000027","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) is the most common urologic condition in pediatric population, affecting almost 1% of children. The present study aims to compare outcomes of an open surgical technique (Gil-Vernet), an old-fashioned method still performed in some centers, and the endoscopic correction using Vantris as a preferred less invasive method in children with VUR. Materials and methods: In this randomized clinical trial, a total of 61 children with VUR of grades I-IV underwent either open surgical repair using the Gil-Vernet approach (30 patients, 50 renal refluxing units), or endoscopic repair using Vantris as the bulking agent (31 patients, 49 renal refluxing units). The change in VUR grade before and after operation was compared between the two groups. Results: The Vantris group comprised 5 males and 26 females with the mean age of 6.15±2.26 years (range, 1-10) versus the Gil-Vernet that included 9 males and 21 females with the mean age of 5.23±2.05 years (range, 1-10) (p=0.20 and 0.21, respectively). The VUR grade decreased significantly in both groups after operation (p<0.001), but despite a better improvement in the Vantris patients the inter-group analysis missed a statistically significant level in a marginal fashion (p=0.07). The rate of improvement and full improvement was 98% and 81.6% in the Vantris group vs. 94% and 86% in the Gil-Vernet group, respectively (p=0.62 and 0.56, respectively). Conclusion: Although postoperative improvement in VUR grade was better in the Vantris® group than that in the Gil-Vernet group, the difference was not statistically significant. Both methods of treatment were safe and with a high rate of success. Nevertheless, lesser manipulations performed in Vantris® makes it favorable comparing with open Gil-Vernet method. Citation: Rashed FK, Roshandel MR, Aghaei Badr T, Motlagh RS. Comparison of Endoscopic Injection of Vantris and Gil-Vernet surgery in the Treatment of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR). J Urol Nephrol. 2019;6(1): 5. J Urol Nephrol 6(1): 5 (2019) Page 02 ISSN: 2380-0585 malformation, including obstruction or full duplicated pielocalicial system, suspected or proven voiding dysfunction through clinical findings, including abnormal neurological examination or intestinal dysfunction or obstructive-stimulatory LUTS, confirmed by VCUG or sonographic evidence of irregular bladder wall or diverticulum or trabeculation, low bladder volume and neurogenic bladder. 61 patients (100 renal units) with Vesicoureteral reflux were included based on pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria, after proving their reflux and the disease grade by VCUG. After explaining the study terms and conditions, the children were categorized into one of the groups of Vantris endoscopic injection (Promedone, Cordoba, Argentina) or Gil-Vernet open surgery. All operations were done by a single attending pediatric urologist who was trained with more than 10 years of performing experience for endoscopic injectio","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85210810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertriglyceridemia and Remodeling of the Left Ventricle in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"I. T. Murkamilov, I. Sabirov, K. Aitbaev, V. Fomin, Z. Murkamilova, Z. Rayimzhanov, N A Redjapova, F. Yusupov","doi":"10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90281557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture and Sensitivity; What Is Behind","authors":"Abbas Alnaji","doi":"10.32474/juns.2018.01.000114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/juns.2018.01.000114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78038137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomoclinical Varieties of Urethral Ectropion in Females: Cases of the Young Girl and the Elderly Woman","authors":"Fred Hodonou","doi":"10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000113","url":null,"abstract":"Urethral ectropion is most common in young girls than elderly woman. The objective in this study was to show anatomopathologic and clinic types of urethral ectropion. We were reported two cases in young girls and one case in 67 years old woman. The clinical symptoms were same. But in the case of old woman we founded right lymph nodes. Biopsy had done in two cases on three. In one of both girls we were discovered after anatomopathology, a vessels thrombosis but in a year-old-woman it was urethral adenocarcinoma. Management of urethral ectropion depends of age (young girl or elderly woman) and staging of tumor if it was urethral carcinoma. with which she was then treated. A biopsy of the urethral prolapse was made for anatomopathological analysis. The result was a urethral adenocarcinoma. Uroscanner objectified the presence of bilateral","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75050931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace Element Concentrations in the Expressed Prostatic Secretion of Normal and Hyperplastic Prostate","authors":"V. Zaichick","doi":"10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000112","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an internationally important health problem of the man, particularly in developed countries. The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate whether significant changes in the levels of Zn and some other trace elements of prostatic fluid exist in the hyperplastic prostate. Methods: Prostatic fluid levels of Br, Fe, Rb, Sr, and Zn were prospectively evaluated in 52 patients with BPH and 38 healthy male inhabitants. Measurements were performed using 109Cd radionuclide-induced energy dispersive X-ray fluorescent microanalysis. Prostatic fluid samples were divided into two portions. One was used for morphological study while the other was intended for trace element analysis. Results: Mean values ± standard error of means (M±SΕΜ) for concentration (mg/L) of trace element in the expressed prostatic fluid (EPF) of normal prostate were: Br ±2.86±0.59, Fe 8.30±1.42, Rb 1.16±0.10, Sr 1.27±0.17, and Zn 598±34. It was observed that in the EPF of hyperplastic prostate content of Rb significantly increased whereas content of Zn somewhat decreased in a comparison with those in the EPF of normal prostate. Conclusions: There are significant changes in trace element contents and their relationships in the fluid of hyperplastic prostate. The alterations in levels of Zn and Rb in the EPF of hyperplastic prostate might demonstrate an involvement of these trace elements in etiology and pathogenesis of BPH. It was supposed that the changes of Zn and Rb levels in the EPF samples can be used as BPH markers.","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75977376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethics Applied in ICU For Rehabilitation Care in Users with Oncological Disease and Compromised Renal Function","authors":"J. Moreno-Collazos, E. S. Ortí, Diana Carolina Zona Rubio, Julián Moreno","doi":"10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000110","url":null,"abstract":"Renal rehabilitation based on early body movement in intensive care units that has been expanding its fields of action from the areas of health promotion, disease prevention, maintenance and rehabilitation of people from the center of study human body movement applied in comprehensive care in intensive care units, which leads to reflection on a reflective theoretical discernment process of conceptual elements that lead to understand the ethical vision of the concept of body and movement in a hospitalization context from the renal environment where key aspects such as pain, care, dysfunctions, limitations and disabilities resulting from the immobilization process are articulated in the bioethical principles from the praxis of human movement.","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87454221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lasertripsy For the Controlled Coarse Fragmentation of Urinary Tract Stones","authors":"O. Antipov, O. Streltsova, D. P. Pochtin, I. Eranov, E. Grebenkin","doi":"10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32474/JUNS.2018.01.000109","url":null,"abstract":"Development of novel methods for controlled coarse fragmentation of urinary tract stones may help to minimise the risk of urinary tract infection and prevent the small stone fragments, responsible for residual stone formation, from entering into the calyxcalcification system of a kidney. The experimental results demonstrated that the following parameters of a pulsed laser operating at the 2097 nm (or the 1967 nm) wavelength were optimal for a controlled fractioning of the stones in air: the pulse duration of 20-30 ns, the repetition rate of 200-1000 Hz (or more), and pulse energy of 45-55 mJ. The relatively small pulse energy coupled with the high repetition rate enabled the destruction of concrements into fragments small enough to be removed with the amplatz.","PeriodicalId":17651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urology & Nephrology Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79620954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}