Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis最新文献_第5页

Phenol Adsorption onto Various Soil Composite Membranes: Insight into Process Kinetics, Modelling and Optimisation Using Response Surface Methodology 苯酚吸附到各种土壤复合膜:洞察过程动力学，建模和优化使用响应面方法

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-05-13 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000203

P. Das, S. Goswami, Priya Banerjee, S. Datta

{"title":"Phenol Adsorption onto Various Soil Composite Membranes: Insight into Process Kinetics, Modelling and Optimisation Using Response Surface Methodology","authors":"P. Das, S. Goswami, Priya Banerjee, S. Datta","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000203","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates the potential of soil and soil composites for removal of phenol from solution on a comparative scale. Different experimental parameters were optimized with a novel approach of response surface methodology (RSM) and a central composite design (CCD) for achieving maximum efficiency. Maximum adsorption efficiency (1.44 mg g-1) was obtained at initial pH 5.5, an adsorbent dosage of 7.5 g L-1 and a treatment time of 32.5 mins at a temperature of 313 K as predicted by the RSM design. The phenomenon best fitted the Temkin isotherm at different temperatures. The process was guided by the pseudo-secondorder kinetic model and was analyzed to be spontaneous, endothermic and chemisorption in nature. Characterization of soil particles using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy showed the changes in its structure and surface morphology both before and after use and explained it’s prospective as a good and environmentally benign adsorbent in very low quantities. Hence, this adsorbent can be implemented as an efficient liner material for the removal of phenol and phenolic compounds from wastewater.","PeriodicalId":17605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87872209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Tide and Mixing Characteristics in Sundarbans Estuarine River System 孙德尔本斯河口水系潮汐与混合特征

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-05-08 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000204

G. Ks, D. Tanaya, S. Anwesha, C. Sharanya, C. Meenakshi

{"title":"Tide and Mixing Characteristics in Sundarbans Estuarine River System","authors":"G. Ks, D. Tanaya, S. Anwesha, C. Sharanya, C. Meenakshi","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000204","url":null,"abstract":"Sundarbans Estuarine System (SES, 21.25°-22.5° N and 88.25°-89.5° E), comprising the southernmost part of the Indian portion of the Ganga-Bramhaputra delta bordering the Bay of Bengal, is India’s largest monsoonal, macrotidal delta front system. Sundarbans Estuarine Programme (SEP), the first comprehensive observational programme to study tidal as well as salinity features was conducted during 18-21 March, 2011 (Equinoctial spring phase). The main objective of this program was to monitor tides and salinity characteristics within the SES. Out of 30 observation stations, spread over more than 3,600 sq km covering seven inner estuaries, we have chosen river Jagaddal, which is connected with Saptamukhi East Gulley (SEG) in the West and river Thakuran in the East, due to the fact that the station Indrapur situated on this river at location very close to Bay of Bengal represents the condition at the mouth of all seven estuaries. Tidal elevation, salinity, bathymetry and vertical profile of salinity using CTD were measured during the observation period. Observed current data collected from different sources have been used for comparison with computed tidal current. Finally, the estuarine current, bottom drag coefficient and gradient Richardson number have also been computed. Computed values of these parameters have analyzed for interpreting variations for tidal, current and mixing feature prevailing in the estuary.","PeriodicalId":17605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis","volume":"73 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84337103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Characterization of a Typical Mediterranean Watershed Using Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS Tools 利用遥感技术和地理信息系统工具表征典型地中海流域

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-03-27 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000197

M. Elhag

{"title":"Characterization of a Typical Mediterranean Watershed Using Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS Tools","authors":"M. Elhag","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000197","url":null,"abstract":"Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to establish an information data base to characterize a watershed in Northern Greece, analyze the distribution of the drainage network according to the different characteristics of the watershed using a drainage density index based on GIS. The drainage network was delineated from ASTER GDEM and Landsat-8 OLI data. Digital image processing was based on enhancement techniques. GIS characterized the watershed easily and efficiently. The drainage density index, based on the number of pixels, was appropriate for analyzing the distribution of the drainage network in relation to other characteristics of the watershed. The possibility of using GIS to generate buffer zones around linear and area features helped to quantify sensitive areas close to streams. The problem of cell resolution was overcome by reference to the mapping scale and other factors. Landsat-8 OLI data gave promising results, closely accurate to those from a 1:50,000 topographic maps. The number of streams and total stream lengths of all orders from ASTER GDEM data were higher than from the other sources. Geometric characteristics of the watershed derived from ASTER GDEM data were almost the same as from the 1:50,000 topographic maps. Best results were from a new band index based on Bands 2 and 5. Both techniques, GIS and Remote Sensing, are suitable for application to watershed management in the Mediterranean region.","PeriodicalId":17605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83301191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Removal of Trihalo Methanes Using Activated Carbon Prepared from Agricultural Solid Wastes 利用农业固体废弃物制备的活性炭去除三环甲烷

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-02-19 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000193

El-Demerdash Fm, A. Am, I. Da

引用次数: 7

Win TR-20 Application Using Statistical Approaches for Long Term Prediction of Peak Runoff Rates in Smaller Watersheds of Pakistan TR-20应用统计方法长期预测巴基斯坦较小流域的峰值径流率

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-02-19 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000192

J. Muhammad, G. Khan

{"title":"Win TR-20 Application Using Statistical Approaches for Long Term Prediction of Peak Runoff Rates in Smaller Watersheds of Pakistan","authors":"J. Muhammad, G. Khan","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000192","url":null,"abstract":"Calibrated Win TR-20 model was validated and simulated to predict the peak runoff rates for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years for a small watershed area of 72 km2 in the southern region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan. The catchment has a gauged spillway outlet at the downstream. The model was initially calibrated on the available known parameters from the grid survey and its derivatives, watershed physical features and other scales endorsed into the reservoir for monitoring. The calibrated model was tested and validated on physical data collected for duration of three months with a coefficient of determination of 98% among the observed and estimated runoff depths and peak runoff. After confirmation log-Pearson type III distribution was fitted to annual one day maximum rainfall upon which one day maximum rainfalls for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years return periods were simulated as 50, 80, 105, 144, 180 and 223 mm respectively. Run off depths for the same one day maximum rainfall of given returns period were further simulated as 10.34, 21.15, 30.3, 39.78, and 84.03 and 53.14 mm. Moreover the peak runoff rates for the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years were predicted as 11.3, 39.9, 77.7, 147.5, 221.9, and 320 m3s-1. Hence it was concluded that Win TR-20 provided satisfactory simulation of rainfall and their resultant runoffs and peak runoff rates which can be confidently recommended for use in small watersheds in the specific region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.","PeriodicalId":17605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81628522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Snyder Unit Hydrograph and GIS for Estimation of Flood for Un-Gauged Catchments in Lower Tapi Basin,India 施耐德单位水文和GIS用于估计印度下塔皮盆地未测量集水区的洪水

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-02-19 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000195

Sudhakar Bs, Anupam Ks, Akshay Oj

{"title":"Snyder Unit Hydrograph and GIS for Estimation of Flood for Un-Gauged Catchments in Lower Tapi Basin,India","authors":"Sudhakar Bs, Anupam Ks, Akshay Oj","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000195","url":null,"abstract":"In the flood prone catchments, it is needful to estimate the discharge, standard lag time, time of peak, and flood response of each watershed in the basin. The SUH method offers considerable advantage over others, and thus, has been chosen for estimation of flood response, contribution of flooding potential, percentage of flood volume for 25 sub-watersheds. The discretion of sub-watershed for estimation of peak discharge, time of peak, alternate lag time, and width of SUH at 50% and 75% of peak found to offer advantages over other methods. This paper considers Snyder Unit Hydrograph (SUH) with GIS based spatial database for calculating discharge at Lower Tapi Basin (LTB). The hydrological parameters of each sub-watershed such as river length, length of centroid, spatial area, land use, lateral slope, and terrain and soil factors have been extracted from GIS database. The geo-data has been combined with topographical maps to produce a digital elevation model (DEM) of 50 m cell size. The analysis for all 25 subwatersheds exhibit that 35.07 m3/s and 4.55 m3/s and 13.23 hours and 4.33 hours have been highest and lowest peak flow and time of peak respectively. The SUH model has been validated for peak discharge at a gauge site Amli (E73023' N21023') where discharge data were collected during 2010 and 2011 monsoon. A comparison between measured and SUH modelled discharge shows good fit within a mean variability range of 5-7%. The SUH methods ability to estimate hydrological parameters including peak flow discharge shows wider replication for un-gauged catchments.","PeriodicalId":17605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76153502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Biostimulator and Biodegradable Chelator to Pytoextract not Very Toxic Cu and Zn 生物刺激剂和生物可降解螯合剂提取无毒铜和锌

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-01-24 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000190

Yeh Ty

{"title":"Biostimulator and Biodegradable Chelator to Pytoextract not Very Toxic Cu and Zn","authors":"Yeh Ty","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000190","url":null,"abstract":"Taiwan spent too much expenditure to remove not very toxic metals Cu and Zn. The biosorption mechanism of metal removal (copper, Cu and zinc, Zn) by four phytoremediation macrophytes biomasses including sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris), cattail (Typha latifolia), and reed (Phragmites communis) was investigated in this study. The primary objectives were exploring the potential of reusing these bio-wastes after harvesting from phytoremediation operations. Based on the surface area, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) investigations, Chinese cabbage biomass presented the highest metal adsorption property while both cattail and reed revealed a lower adsorption capability for both metals tested. The equilibrium adsorption rate between biomass and metal occurred very fast during the first 10 min. The metal adsorption data were fitted with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and presented that the Langmuir isotherm was the best fitted model for all biomass tested. All tested biomasses are fast growing plants with fairly high biomass production that are able to accumulate metals. The Langmuir model was used to calculate maximum adsorption capacity and related adsorption parameters in this study. The results revealed that the maximum metal adsorption capacity Qmax was in the order of Chinese cabbage (Cu: 2000; Zn: 1111 mg/kg)> sunflower (Cu: 1482; Zn:769 mg/kg)> reed (Cu: 238; Zn: 161 mg/kg)> cattail (Cu: 200; Zn: 133 mg/kg). The harvested sunflower, Chinese cabbage, cattail, and reed biomass possess the potential to be employed as biosorbents to remove Cu and Zn from aqueous solutions. Adsorption isotherms derived in this study might be crucial information for practical design and operation of adsorption engineering processes and prediction of relation between reused macrophyte biosorbents and heavy metal adsorbates.","PeriodicalId":17605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78644326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Dam site selection using remote sensing techniques and geographical information system to control flood events in Tabuk city. 利用遥感技术和地理信息系统控制塔布克市洪水事件的坝址选择。

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-01-24 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000189

E. Abushandi, S. Alatawi

{"title":"Dam site selection using remote sensing techniques and geographical information system to control flood events in Tabuk city.","authors":"E. Abushandi, S. Alatawi","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000189","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing dams around the city of Tabuk is an important solution to controlling flood events, as well as increasing surface water budget and creating ground water recharge spots. The success of this effort is mainly based on locating the best site for a dam in the area. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the use of remote sensing, and geographic information system in dam site selection within the context of a catchment scale. Digital Elevation Model was used from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER 30m) to characterise the catchment area. Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus images (ETM+) from LandSat 7 were used to classify the land cover in the study area. Several software packages such as ERDAS 11, Global Mapper 15.2 and ArcGIS 10.1 were used to construct and process the basic database. In addition, model builder from ArcGIS 10.1 was employed to construct a simplified model and integratesraster and vector datasets. The parameters of this model were: catchment slope (less 3%), delineation network order more than or equal to 7 and Runoff Coefficient (0.4). Six suitable locations were chosen: Wadi Dam in connection with Wadi Al Baqqr, Wadi Na’am, Wadi Atanah, Wadi Abu Nishayfah A, Wadi Abu Nishayfah B and Qa’a Sharawra.","PeriodicalId":17605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis","volume":"55 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85612434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Natural Bio-Remediation of Arsenic Contamination: A Short Review 砷污染的自然生物修复技术综述

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-01-24 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000186

A. Dwivedi, S. Srivastava, S. Dwivedi, V. Tripathi

引用次数: 9

Shallow Groundwater Conservation Based Empowerment and its Influence Factors by Groundwater User Farmers in Takalar Regency 塔克拉拉尔县地下水用户农户基于浅层地下水保护的赋权及其影响因素

Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis Pub Date : 2015-01-14 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000187

Darwis, N. Rakhim, Muhammad Ardi, Lahming, M. Arsyad

{"title":"Shallow Groundwater Conservation Based Empowerment and its Influence Factors by Groundwater User Farmers in Takalar Regency","authors":"Darwis, N. Rakhim, Muhammad Ardi, Lahming, M. Arsyad","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000187","url":null,"abstract":"This study is an initial stage in an effort to conserve groundwater by employing skills and self-reliance of groundwater user farmers where the groundwater is utilized to irrigate farm. Before carrying out community empowerment, specifically for marginal community, the researcher shall be able to recognize some factors that affect target's empowerment. Accordingly, empowerment model formulation which can be made representatively shall in conformity with reality to empowered target community. To examine level of influence of every observed factor in this study, it applies instrument through Gutmann scale. Scales of applied instrument in the study is answers of YES or NO. The instrument is adapted by vary educational background of the farmers. For all identified factors in the study, there are 6 factors that affect significantly groundwater user farmer empowerment level in their effort to conserve groundwater independently and collectively. Factors indicating significant influence are: (1) agricultural input, (2) environmental potential, (3) technical aid, (4) farmer organization, (5) farmers' rights and (6) democratization of farmers.","PeriodicalId":17605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90107850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2