{"title":"Development of Fog Detection Algorithm Using AWiFS Data: A Case Study Over Indo-Gangetic Plains","authors":"Sasmita Chaurasia","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01907-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01907-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fog, a form of cloud in contact with the Earth’s surface, is one of the high-impact weather phenomena in northern India during the winter months. A new day-time fog detection scheme using the normalized difference snow index (NDSI) has been developed. The present analysis focuses on the detection of fog at high spatial resolution using data from the Resourcesat-2 AWiFS. The fog area detected is cross-validated with that detected using INSAT-3DR data at 1 km resolution using the same technique. The NDSI-based technique discussed here has shown a strong potential for fog detection during day-time. This study is also significant as a pre-launch sensitivity study for future GISAT with MX-VNIR, HyS-VNIR, HyS-SWIR, or similar other kinds of present-or-future sensors. Even though GISAT does not have a MX-SWIR channel, a combination of both MX-VNIR and HyS-SWIR with resampled spatial resolution may be useful for day-time fog detection using this technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanjay Raju, S. Nandakishor, Sreerag K. Vivek, S. Don
{"title":"Deep Learning Techniques for Crater Detection on Lunar Surface Images from Chandrayaan-2 Satellite","authors":"Sanjay Raju, S. Nandakishor, Sreerag K. Vivek, S. Don","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01909-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01909-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lunar exploration is pivotal in establishing a human presence on the Moon, and lunar crater detection plays a major role in this pursuit. The study is divided into two key phases: the creation of a specialized annotated dataset sourced from the Optical High-Resolution Camera on the Chandrayaan-2 satellite, and the evaluation of model performance using this dataset. Employing models such as FasterRCNN, YoloV5, and YoloV1, the investigation reveals the YoloV5 model’s superiority, achieving a precision of 92% and a recall of 83% for lunar crater detection. This finding constitutes a significant contribution to lunar exploration research.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"191 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CSDUNet: Automatic Cloud and Shadow Detection from Satellite Images Based on Modified U-Net","authors":"S. R. Surya, M. Abdul Rahiman","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01903-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01903-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Detection of clouds and shadows in remote sensing imagery is important due to its wide range of applications. There are a lot of applications in remote sensing images such as monitoring of the environment, change detection etc. It is an important and booming research area. Ineffective and inaccurate cloud and cloud shadow masking will cause undesirable effects on different task that can be performed by using remote sensing images. Because of high spectral conglomeration and the spectral and temperature discrepancy of the underlying surface the detection of clouds and associated shadows is not candid. In this paper, we propose CSDUNet a modified U-Net network for precise pixel-wise semantic segmentation of cloud and its associated shadow from optical remote sensing images. It uses an encoder network and a decoder network. This method concatenated feature maps at different scales. We have proposed a novel network for cloud detection, which extract features corresponding cloud and shadow at different scales from multilevel layers to generate sharp boundaries. Which will help to detect clouds in heterogeneous landscape, under complex underlying surfaces with varying geometry. Experimental analysis on the Landsat satellite dataset proves that the proposed CSDUNet achieves a dice coefficient of 95.05%. Our method got 95.93% precision, recall of 94.71% and Jaccard index of 97.29%. CSDUNet achieves accurate detection accuracy and surpass several traditional methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hichem Mahgoun, Boussad Azmedroub, Ali Taieb, Mounira Ouarzeddine
{"title":"Multiple Signal Classification Algorithm Combined with Volume Reflectivity Models to Improve Accuracy of the Estimated Vegetation Height in Synthetic Aperture Radar Tomography","authors":"Hichem Mahgoun, Boussad Azmedroub, Ali Taieb, Mounira Ouarzeddine","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01898-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01898-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this paper lies in improving the accuracy of multiple signal classification (MUSIC) inversion in Synthetic Aperture Radar Tomography (TomoSAR), while using scattering statistical models. We propose new combination algorithms between MUSIC inversion and scattering statistical models. We exploited three volume scattering models, the uniform model, the exponential model, and the Gaussian model. For each probability model, the analytical expression of the corresponding inversion was computed. In order to verify the proposed method, we exploited the dataset of the BioSAR-2 project. The data was acquired in a boreal forest located in north Sweden. The attained results for the suggested new approaches were analyzed quantitatively by computing the detection rate corresponding to the area under study according to the relative error measured for the vegetation height. Qualitatively, by evaluating for each algorithm, the generated digital surface model (DSM), the relative error, and the histograms of selected zone with strong forest densities. It was shown that combining MUSIC inversion and the uniform probability model, we achieved the highest detection rate of 60.7% for a 0.3 relative error. For the exponential distribution, we obtained a detection rate of 60.2%, and the detection rate for the Gaussian distribution was 54%. For the standard MUSIC, it achieved a weak detection rate of 25.5% for a 0.3 relative error, and for the standard CAPON, it achieved a detection rate of 38.6% for a 0.3 relative error. These results indicate that the proposed approach increases the achievement of the MUSIC inversion by 35.2%, and outperforms the standard CAPON by 22.1%. This shows the importance of using probability models in MUSIC inversion for a better estimation of vegetation height in SAR tomography.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nadia A. Aziz, Imzahim A. Alwan, Okechukwu E. Agbasi
{"title":"Geospatial Selection of Rainwater Harvesting in Wadi Sarkhar: An Analytical Hierarchy Process-Multi-Criteria Evaluation Approach","authors":"Nadia A. Aziz, Imzahim A. Alwan, Okechukwu E. Agbasi","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01882-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01882-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent environmental issues, rising water demand, and the decreasing supply of natural water resources require the provision of additional quantities of water to ensure the sustainability of ecosystems and water resources. In this study, a systematic approach was used to choose suitable sites for rainwater harvesting (RWH) using an analytic hierarchy process-based multi-criteria evaluation approach in Wadi Sarkhar, Iraq. In order to produce the suitability map, seven criteria layers were used: precipitation, slope, elevation, drainage density, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) obtained from Sentinel 2 data, type of soil, and soil moisture. The area of study has a considerable topographical disparity in altitudes that was ranging from 10 to 2000 m. Special attention was paid to this fact, so the performance of a slope analysis was necessary to identify the sites for RWH appropriately. After analyses of the slope and drainage density layer, new insight about the hydrologic capacity and characteristics was obtained. Long-term precipitation records were essential for determining the sustainability of RWH especially in semi-arid regions. Moreover, the NDVI layer data were used to detect land cover and vegetation distribution. Soil type and soil moisture were utilized to evaluate the ground capacity to retain water. The study area was classified by the final suitability map into three different zones: low suitability, unsuitable zone, and high suitability. This study outcome will provide a systematic approach to the selection of suitable places for RWH, ensure competent management of water resources, and provide an idea about ecosystems and water resources sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141259794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Swarada, S. V. Pasha, T. N. Manohara, H. S. Suresh, V. K. Dadhwal
{"title":"Assessing Landslide-Driven Deforestation and Its Ecological Impact in the Western Ghats: A Multi-Source Data Approach","authors":"B. Swarada, S. V. Pasha, T. N. Manohara, H. S. Suresh, V. K. Dadhwal","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01896-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01896-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influence of landslides (LS) on forest structure, composition, and functionality has gained limited scientific attention compared to socioeconomic aspects. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating the dynamics of pre- and post-LS occurrences in and around the Kali Tiger Reserve (KTR), Western Ghats. Our approach integrates multi-source, multi-temporal earth observation data, vegetation indices, field observations, and machine learning techniques. This study identified 245-LS caused due to a catastrophic rainfall event in July 2021 the most severe over a century that impacted the tropical dense forests. The present study highlights the emergence of invasive alien species (IAS), particularly <i>Chromolaena odorata</i>, following these landslide incidents. Field observations revealed a significant loss of large trees, which corroborated with the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) based Canopy Height Model (CHM) and very high-resolution (VHR) data. The affected areas witnessed a significant rise in land surface temperature (LST) and a decrease in vegetation moisture. A comparative analysis with operational tree loss monitoring using optical (30-m Landsat based Global Forest Watch (GFW), and microwave (L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) JICA-JAXA (ALOS-2) Forest Early Warning System) revealed improved performance in mapping small landslides with current approach. These results emphasize the necessity of conducting local and large scale investigations of forest dynamics before and after landslides to meet environmental commitments at various levels. The landslide events will likely induce significant alterations in the forest's microclimate. Our research recommends an immediate action plan to restore affected sites, remove IAS, and encourage the planting of native vegetation for biodiversity conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Longquan Yan, Ruixiang Yan, Guohua Geng, Mingquan Zhou, Rong Chen
{"title":"Salient Object Detection in Optical Remote Sensing Images Based on Global Context Mixed Attention","authors":"Longquan Yan, Ruixiang Yan, Guohua Geng, Mingquan Zhou, Rong Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01870-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01870-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Optical remote sensing images exhibit complex characteristics such as high density, multiscale, and multi-angle features, posing significant challenges in the field of salient object detection. This academic exposition introduces an integrated model customized for the precise detection of salient objects in optical remote sensing images, presenting a comprehensive solution. At the core of this model lies a feature aggregation module based on the concept of hybrid attention. This module orchestrates the gradual fusion of multi-layer feature maps, thereby reducing information loss encountered during traversal of the inherent skip connections in the U-shaped architecture. Notably, this framework integrates a dual-channel attention mechanism, cleverly leveraging the spatial contours of salient regions within optical remote sensing images to enhance the efficiency of the proposed module. By implementing a hybrid loss function, the overall approach is further strengthened, facilitating multifaceted supervision during the network training phase, covering considerations at the pixel-level, region-level, and statistical levels. Through a series of comprehensive experiments, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are validated, undergoing rigorous evaluation on two widely accessed benchmark datasets, meticulously catering to optical remote sensing scenarios. It is evident that our method exhibits certain advantages relative to other methods.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdelfattah Aboulfaraj, Abdelhalim Tabit, Ahmed Algouti, Abdellah Algouti, Said Moujane, Abdelouahed Farah, Idir El Konty, Soukaina Baid
{"title":"Contribution of Remote Sensing and Structural Geology in the Mapping of Tectonic Fractures in the Zat Region (Western High Atlas, Morocco)","authors":"Abdelfattah Aboulfaraj, Abdelhalim Tabit, Ahmed Algouti, Abdellah Algouti, Said Moujane, Abdelouahed Farah, Idir El Konty, Soukaina Baid","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01891-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01891-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Zat region has a Precambrian basement that is partially covered by deformed Phanerozoic terrains. The last three orogeneses that Morocco experienced, from the Precambrian to the Quaternary, shaped this region. We used optical imagery from Landsat 8 OLI and ASTER DEM to map the tectonic fractures in this region. First, radiometric and geometric corrections were taken into account. Then, during the automatic extraction of lineaments, directional filters were used. Many approaches were used in the validation procedure, including the creation of false colour images, principal component analysis, and the removal of artificial lineaments by superimposing them on geological and topographic maps, Google Earth data, and field measurements. The listed lineaments have four major directional ranges: N–S, NW–SE, E–W, and NE–SW. The Hercynian and Alpine fractures are designated by the N–S and NE–SW directions, respectively. However, Precambrian filled fractures are distinguished by lineaments that fluctuate in the WNW–ESE direction. The geographical distribution of lineaments demonstrates the presence of two hard nuclei (Ourika gneissic massif and Afra ignimbritic massif) having controlled the region’s deformation. The region’s tectonic intensity decreases at the level of these nuclei and increases at the level of the surrounding terrains, which may include mineralising indices. This study highlights a region that is likely to be mined because of its geological and structural heritage.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Denoising Hyperspectral Patches Between Manzius U & Boguslawsky M Lunar Craters from the Ch-1 M3 & Ch-2 IIRS Data","authors":"Anurag Dutta","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01883-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01883-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Chandrayaan 3 (Ch-3) mission, as of the day (23rd of August 2023), is all set to explore the moon’s surface in great detail. Scientists have carefully chosen the landing site based on data gathered from previous missions, namely Chandrayaan 2’s (Ch-2) Imaging Infrared Spectrometer (IIRS) and Chandrayaan 1’s (Ch-1) Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M<sup>3</sup>). Our research analyzes the data from the selected Ch-3 landing site by using sophisticated techniques to remove unwanted noise from the hyperspectral images provided by IIRS and M<sup>3</sup>. The IIRS on Ch-2 and M<sup>3</sup> on Ch-1 captured valuable information differently, giving us a better understanding of the moon’s composition and features. We aim to improve the quality of the Ch-3 landing site data by eliminating any interference caused by noise, making the images clearer and more useful. To achieve this, we’re employing two denoising methods- HyRes (Automatic Hyperspectral Image Restoration Using Sparse and Low-Rank Modeling) and HyMiNoR (Hyperspectral Mixed Gaussian and Sparse Noise Reduction). These smart algorithms will help us reveal the true nature of the lunar landscape hidden beneath the noise, giving us better insights into the landing site’s characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solid Waste Disposal Site Selection Using GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Techniques: A Case Study in Areka Town, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Adimasu Tafesse Gontte, Mikias Biazen Molla","doi":"10.1007/s12524-024-01867-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-024-01867-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The landfill method is recognized as the cheapest and most widely used solid waste management system. However, improper disposal of solid waste is a serious problem in urban areas of Ethiopia like Areka town due to the rapid growth of population and urbanization. The objective of this study is to identify suitable landfill sites for solid waste using geospatial-based multi-criteria decision analysis techniques. To achieve this objective data were collected from field observations, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, residential areas, protected areas, elevation, slope, and roads were used to identify suitable landfill sites. ArcGIS, QGIS, and Erdas Imagine software were used to prepare the criteria maps. The analytical hierarchy process was also applied to derive the relative weights of criteria maps and then the weighted overlay tool was applied for the preparation of the final suitability map. Accordingly, 5%, 60.1%, 32.8%, and 2.1% of the study area was not, less, moderate, and highly suitable for solid waste disposal. The final result shows that Landfill 1 (4.9 ha) and Landfill 2(6.6 ha) were the 1st and 2nd most suitable sites for proposing a new landfill with the least negative impact on the environment and human health. Thus, this study strongly recommends town municipality should use proposed landfill sites 1 and 2 for solid waste disposal and future studies should also consider various factors overlooked in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":17510,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing","volume":"245 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141190794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}