{"title":"Evaluation of biomass-derived solvents and protic ionic liquids as lignin-selective pretreatment agents for poplar fractionation","authors":"Nazife Isik Haykir","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2022.2033781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2022.2033781","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, mixtures of protic ionic liquids (PILs) and biomass derived solvents; gamma-valerolactone (GVL), levulinic acid (LA) and H2O at different weight percentages were used to pretreat poplar. GVL addition up to 60% enhanced delignification in biomass that is subjected to MEAHSO4-GVL-H2O; cellulose content of the biomass increased from 42% to 74% with 67% lignin removal. Aqueous solution of LA used for the first time to pretreat a biomass performed better than TEAHSO4-H2O. LA-H2O at 80%-20% resulted in 70% lignin extraction and preserved 89% of the cellulose in the structure which were also verified with SEM, FTIR and XRD analysis displaying clear cellulose macrofibers, lignin signals with lower intensities and higher biomass crystallinity, respectively. Accordingly, enzymatic conversion of LA pretreated poplar released 43 g/L glucose at 10% substrate loading. Findings showed the potentials of biomass derived solvents, GVL and LA and PILs and their aqueous mixtures to selectively deconstruct poplar.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"91 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42397300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucía Penín, L. López-Hortas, Carlos Vila, V. Santos, J. Parajó
{"title":"Fractionation of Eucalyptus regnans wood: properties of the soluble products and reactivity of the treated solids","authors":"Lucía Penín, L. López-Hortas, Carlos Vila, V. Santos, J. Parajó","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.2015387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.2015387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Eucalyptus regnans wood samples were treated with water under diverse conditions, in order to obtain soluble hemicellulose-derived products. The composition of the liquid phase from the treatment leading to the best results was characterized in depth using a combination of spectrophotometric, spectrometric and chromatographic methods; and the susceptibility of the treated solids to further fractionation by organosolv delignification was assessed in additional experiments. The chemical and physicochemical properties of the resulting lignin were determined, and the suitability of the delignified solids as substrates for the one-pot manufacture of ethyl levulinate was evaluated on a quantitative basis.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"46 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44273959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fangfang Wang, Yan-Rong Zhang, Yang Su, Di Zhang, N. Xia, Yangyang Sun, Yu Liu
{"title":"Characterization of alkali-lignin-grafted polyacrylamide synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization","authors":"Fangfang Wang, Yan-Rong Zhang, Yang Su, Di Zhang, N. Xia, Yangyang Sun, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.2015388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.2015388","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The preparation of value-added, chemically modified lignin-based copolymers for the use of technical lignin is crucial for green and sustainable development. Herein, we synthesized alkali-lignin-grafted polyacrylamide by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). As alkali lignin (AL) has the highest total hydroxyl group content, it was modified with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide to synthesize a lignin macroinitiator (lignin-Br) at different ratios of [OH group in AL]:[TEA]:[BiBB] = 1:1:1, 1:1.5:1.5, and 1:2:2. Acrylamide was grafted from lignin-Br with the most Br-initiating sites via ATRP. The ratios of monomer to lignin-Br used were 50:1, 100:1, and 200:1, and the synthesized copolymers (L-g-PAM) were denoted as L-g-PAM50, L-g-PAM100, and L-g-PAM200, respectively. These copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The FT-IR and 1H NMR results indicated that polyacrylamide was introduced into the lignin backbone of all L-g-PAM copolymers. Gel permeation chromatography of L-g-PAM showed that the M w of L-g-PAM200 was the highest at 427,383 g/mol. Photographs and scanning electron microscopy images of L-g-PAM showed that L-g-PAM appeared as a soft sponge and contained interwoven fibers. The maximum degradation temperature (T max) of L-g-PAM increased with increasing monomer-to-lignin-Br ratio. Moreover, the glass transition temperature (T g) of L-g-PAM was higher than that of AL. The alkali-lignin-grafted polyacrylamide, synthesized by ATRP, in our study has a narrow molecular weight distribution, and its soft sponge properties make it a hydrogel or another surfactant.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"58 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45289293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manami Satoh, Norihisa Kusumoto, N. Matsui, R. Makino, K. Hashida, D. Arai, Yoshiaki Iiduka, T. Ashitani
{"title":"Antitermitic and antifungal properties of enantiopure linalool and furanoid linalool oxide confirmed in Lindera umbellata var. membranacea","authors":"Manami Satoh, Norihisa Kusumoto, N. Matsui, R. Makino, K. Hashida, D. Arai, Yoshiaki Iiduka, T. Ashitani","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.2004166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.2004166","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, antitermitic and antifungal activities of enantiopure linalool and linalool oxide (furanoid) in L. umbellata var. membranacea were evaluated with their racemates. Results of chiral analysis showed that linalool oxide in leaves dominated by (R)-linalool and in twigs dominated by (S)-linalool were (2R,5R)-trans- and (2R,5S)-cis-linalool oxide and (2S,5S)-trans- and (2S,5R)-cis-linalool oxide, respectively. All rac-, (R)-, and (S)-linalool at highest concentration showed termiticidal and antifeedant activities against Reticulitermes speratus. Antitermitic activities of linalool oxides differed depending on their stereostructures, and (2R,5R)-trans-linalool oxide showed the strongest termiticidal activity. (S)-linalool showed significantly stronger antifungal activity than that of rac- and (R)-linalool against Penicillium citrinum and Chaetomium globosum. Racemate of trans- and cis-linalool oxide showed potent activity against P. citrinum, Rhizopus oryzae, and C. globosum; however, the activity decreased in isolated pure enantiomers. These results suggest that linalool and linalool oxide exhibit different antitermitic and antifungal properties.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"37 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41933899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takashi Hosoya, K. Kawase, Yukimichi Hirano, Mizuki Ikeuchi, H. Miyafuji
{"title":"Alkaline aerobic oxidation of native softwood lignin in the presence of Na+-cyclic polyether complexes","authors":"Takashi Hosoya, K. Kawase, Yukimichi Hirano, Mizuki Ikeuchi, H. Miyafuji","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.1998127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.1998127","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Alkaline aerobic oxidation is a promising way to convert lignin to low molecular weight phenols, especially 4-hydroxybenzaldehydes. Our previous studies reported that oxidation of softwood lignin samples with a bulky cation, Bu4N+, facilitates selective production of vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde). This study presents vanillin production from native softwood lignin in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) in NaOH aq. in the presence of cyclic polyethers, with our expectation that Na+-polyether complexes exhibit effects similar to those of Bu4N+. Oxidation of wood flour (10 mg) in 4.0 M NaOH aq. (2.0 mL) at 120 °C under air gave vanillin with 6.2 wt% lignin-based yield, which was raised to 15.2 wt% by the addition of 15-crown-5 (1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxacyclopentadecane). On the other hand, such effect was not observed with the addition of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, a non-cyclic analog of 15-crown-5. Mechanistic study with a lignin model compound revealed that stabilization of a vanillin precursor by the complex cation was a reason for the increased vanillin yield exhibited by the crown ether. This is similar to the influence of Bu4N+ reported previously, suggesting effective control of aerobic oxidation by large size cationic species.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47955116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra Mazri, B. Benotmane, M. Hachémi, A. Pranovich, S. Willför, A. Smeds
{"title":"Chemical characterization of sapwood and heartwood of Fraxinus angustifolia growing in Algeria","authors":"Sandra Mazri, B. Benotmane, M. Hachémi, A. Pranovich, S. Willför, A. Smeds","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.2004165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.2004165","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The result of this study is the chemical characterization of sapwood (SW) and heartwood (HW) of Fraxinus angustifolia native to Algeria. Lipophilic and hydrophilic extractives were isolated by means of an accelerated solvent extractor (ASE) using hexane and the acetone/water mixture respectively. The acid hydrolysis and methanolysis methods were used to determine cellulose and hemicelluloses contents. The Tappi Standards T 222 and UM 250 allowed Klason and acid-soluble lignin quantification respectively. Alkaline hydrolysis of wood samples followed by HPLC analysis was performed to determine the acetyl groups. The method detailed in TAPPI T 211 (2002) for determining the ash content was used. It was found that the SW and HW of Fraxinus A. had almost similar amounts of the main components, averaging 40.00 wt% cellulose, 28.00 wt% hemicelluloses within 18.00 wt% of xylan, 22.00 wt% lignin, 3% extractives and 0.83 wt% ash. However, the HW contained more triglycerides (0.08 wt%) than the SW (0.02 wt%). On the other hand, mannitol was the most predominant hydrophilic extractive in SW (1.60 wt%) than in HW (1.02 wt%). These findings are useful for practitioners in the paper, biofuel, cosmetics, food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries for the assessment of Fraxinus A. wood chemical treatment parameters.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"26 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43198204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jizhen Huang, S. E, Lianmeng Si, Jiaoyang Li, Zhijun Tian, Zhaoqing Lu
{"title":"Composite films of hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxyapatite nanowires with high mechanical strength and electrical insulation property","authors":"Jizhen Huang, S. E, Lianmeng Si, Jiaoyang Li, Zhijun Tian, Zhaoqing Lu","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.1998128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.1998128","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An insulation network was constructed by adding hydroxyapatite nanowires (HNs) to a hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) system. The HNs improve the mechanical and insulating properties of the composites. The results showed the formation of strong chemical interactions between the HEC and HNs. Moreover, 20% HNs addition maximized the electrical insulation and tensile strength of the HEC/HNs film to 12.7 kV/mm and 34.12 MPa, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a three-dimensional network of HNs at the perforated edge of the films, which prevented further decomposition of HEC by the current flow. The superior mechanical properties of the combined HEC and HNs were attributed to the self-assembling cambium structure. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"15 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43470336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Du, Jinzhuan Wang, Bin Liu, Z. Liang, Zhipeng Liu, M. Zhang, Yue Zhao, Jiayan Luo
{"title":"A novel wood identification method for Pterocarpus santalinus L.f. species based on fluorescence features","authors":"H. Du, Jinzhuan Wang, Bin Liu, Z. Liang, Zhipeng Liu, M. Zhang, Yue Zhao, Jiayan Luo","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.1994611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.1994611","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The precise identification of wood plays a vital role in protecting rare timber species. Among the various wood identification techniques, the fluorescence characteristics of Pterocarpus santalinus L.f. species have rarely been investigated. In this study, the types, number of fluorescent compounds, maximum excitation and emission wavelengths, and effects of solvent and pH were characterized by fluorescence photographs, fluorescence emission spectra and fluorescence contour spectra, respectively. The results indicate that the fluorescence of P. santalinus species is relatively strong, and the fluorescent substances extracted in different solvents exhibit different color photographs under irradiation. The spectrum is also affected by the polarity of the solvent and the pH of the solution. In addition, the method for extracting the fluorescent compounds in P. santalinus samples was optimized. Based on the reported results, a good correlation between the fluorescence characteristics and the wood species was obtained as a potentially new identification method for precious rosewoods at the species level.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"321 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45155959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justyna Kazmierczak-Razna, Dawid Kasprzak, M. Walkowiak, R. Pietrzak, P. Nowicki
{"title":"N-doped sawdust-based activated biocarbons prepared by microwave-assisted heat treatment as potential electrode materials for supercapacitors","authors":"Justyna Kazmierczak-Razna, Dawid Kasprzak, M. Walkowiak, R. Pietrzak, P. Nowicki","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.1990957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.1990957","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Microwave and conventional heating have been combined to obtain highly microporous nitrogen-doped activated biocarbons. In order to generate nitrogen groups bonded in different ways into the carbonaceous matrix, the modification with urea was performed at two different stages of processing, i.e., precursor or char. Additionally, the effects of chemical and thermal (physical) activation on the physicochemical parameters and capacitance behavior of the biocarbons prepared were tested. All the materials under investigation were characterized by elementary analysis, surface area measurements as well as estimation of the number of surface functional groups. Depending on the variant of preparation, the final products were microporous nitrogen-doped activated biocarbons of well-developed surface area ranging from 314 to 1483 m2/g, showing acidic or intermediate acidic–basic character of the surface and different contents of nitrogen functional groups, varying from 0.8 to 8.6 wt.%. Finally, the electrode materials were manufactured using prepared biocarbons and tested as components of symmetric supercapacitors, containing organic electrolyte. The electrochemical performance of these materials was investigated in Swagelok® type cells by using CV, GCD and EIS techniques. The results obtained in this study showed that incorporation of nitrogen and chemical activation of sawdust can led to activated biocarbons with very good electrochemical parameters. Most promising materials have exhibited high specific capacitance values (ca. 50 − 100 F g−1), good rate capability, and excellent cycling stability (ca. 86–88% capacitance retention) after thousands of GCD cycles.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"307 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48688888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Alves, E. F. Cisneros, G. Balmelli, S. M. Poltri, J. Rodrigues
{"title":"Assessment of eucalypts wood lignin content by analytical pyrolysis, comparison with Klason and total lignin contents","authors":"A. Alves, E. F. Cisneros, G. Balmelli, S. M. Poltri, J. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2021.1986071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2021.1986071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Analytical pyrolysis can be used to determine the lignin content (Py-lignin) in eucalypt woods with a precision (0.37%) similar to the wet reference methods. Good correlations were found between the Py-lignin results and Klason (94%) and total lignin contents (95%). Besides apparent species-specific deviations, an average difference of 1.3% compared to the total lignin content was observed, well below the 3.9% difference reported for softwoods (guaiacyl lignin). Since Eucalyptus has more syringyl (S) than guaiacyl (G) units, this suggests that S units are overestimated in comparison to G units by analytical pyrolysis, in line with previous findings for different degradation methods, including pyrolysis.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"229 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43265307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}