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Some Aspects of Historical, Theological and Religious and Political Dimensions of the Palestinian and Israel Conflict 巴勒斯坦和以色列冲突的历史、神学、宗教和政治层面的某些方面
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-05-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3854957
Dr. Rifai Sulaiman Lebbe
{"title":"Some Aspects of Historical, Theological and Religious and Political Dimensions of the Palestinian and Israel Conflict","authors":"Dr. Rifai Sulaiman Lebbe","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3854957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3854957","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of this paper is to highlight some similarities and dissimilarities between orthodox Judaism and Islamic teachings to inspire and motivate these two communities to share their common values and moral teaching at this crucial juncture of deteriorating Judo-Muslim relations. At the outset, I would like to make a clear-cut distinction between the philosophical ideas of the Zionism and the orthodox Judaism. Many academics and experts in comparative religious studies have made a clear-cut distinction the concept of the Zionism and the Judaism. Millions Jewish people do not subscribe to the idea of the Zionism and many of them reject the ideas of creating the state of the Zionism. I will try to discuss this conflict from an objective perspective to understand this ethnocentric problem without any prejudice or discrimination. I will try do my best to make this article academically acceptable and creditable. My intention is not to be judgmental on this problem rather to highlight what the religious texts both old testament and the Holy Qur’an say about these issue and what Jewish and Muslim religious leaders say about this problem. This paper is divided into seven parts. 1) Theological Bonds Between Judo-Christians and Muslims, 2) Origin of the Zionism in brief, 3) What Qur’an says about minds of rebellious Jews,4) Motives and Aims of the Zionism, 5) Inept Arab Leaders and the Palestine Problem, 6) International community and the Palestine problem,7) The role of Muslim intellectuals, religious and military leaders.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128291854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Judicializing Foreign Affairs: The Canada-Saudi Arms Deal and the Implications of Transnational Tort Law 外交事务司法化:加拿大-沙特武器交易和跨国侵权法的影响
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3791788
Hassan Ahmad
{"title":"Judicializing Foreign Affairs: The Canada-Saudi Arms Deal and the Implications of Transnational Tort Law","authors":"Hassan Ahmad","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3791788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3791788","url":null,"abstract":"Commentary on the Canada-Saudi Arms Deal has honed in on its foreign policy and political economy elements. I embark from that literature to tackle one intersectional area that finds its roots in American legal circles, but remains nascent in Canada. Private tort claims can serve as a basis for redress for individuals who have experienced fundamental human rights harms. When those claims relate to lucrative arms exports that impugn powerful government and corporate actors, they can have broader implications for a country’s economy and foreign relations. In this article, I explore consequential effects that Canada’s burgeoning transnational tort laws can have on Canada-Saudi relations as well as the Canadian defense industry — a phenomenon Alter and others refer to as litigation’s “tools of influence” over political matters.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128941799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Performance of Hotel Industry and Hospitality from IFA Hotel and Resort 来自IFA酒店和度假村的酒店行业和酒店业的表现
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-05-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3181641
Farisha Nasir
{"title":"Performance of Hotel Industry and Hospitality from IFA Hotel and Resort","authors":"Farisha Nasir","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3181641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3181641","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper research its to explore the relationship of risk with the IFA hotel and resort. Dubai, Arab in 5 years trend starting 2012 until 2015. This paper finds the type of indicator that being used as measuring the performance to be analyst and knows their strengths and weakness. Not only that, by overlooked their total asset, it sjoows good their performance and profit and shows how much increase their total asset in 5 years to achieve their target. The higher percentage reflect the good sign in hotel and resort performance. moreover, result shows that there are negative relationship between operational risk and ROA and positive relationship with the GDP, inflation rate and credit risk.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132699603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oil Prices and GCC Stock Markets: New Evidence from Smooth Transition Models 石油价格和海湾合作委员会股票市场:来自平稳过渡模型的新证据
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781484353622.001
Nidhaleddine Ben Cheikh, Sami Ben Naceur, Oussama Kanaan, C. Rault
{"title":"Oil Prices and GCC Stock Markets: New Evidence from Smooth Transition Models","authors":"Nidhaleddine Ben Cheikh, Sami Ben Naceur, Oussama Kanaan, C. Rault","doi":"10.5089/9781484353622.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484353622.001","url":null,"abstract":"Our paper examines the effect of oil price changes on Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) stock markets using nonlinear smooth transition regression (STR) models. Contrary to conventional wisdom, our empirical results reveal that GCC stock markets do not have similar sensitivities to oil price changes. We document the presence of stock market returns’ asymmetric reactions in some GCC countries, but not for others. In Kuwait’s case, negative oil price changes exert larger impacts on stock returns than positive oil price changes. When considering the asymmetry with respect to the magnitude of oil price variation, we find that Oman’s and Qatar’s stock markets are more sensitive to large oil price changes than to small ones. Our results highlight the importance of economic stabilization and reform policies that can potentially reduce the sensitivity of stock returns to oil price changes, especially with regard to the existence of asymmetric behavior.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115499755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Investigating the Fundamental Effect of Real Profit Management on Stock Returns Emphasizing the Quality of the Audit 考察真实利润管理对股票收益的根本影响——强调审计质量
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-11-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3065140
Hassan Mehre Niya Sibani, Mohammad Khatiri, S. Hosseini
{"title":"Investigating the Fundamental Effect of Real Profit Management on Stock Returns Emphasizing the Quality of the Audit","authors":"Hassan Mehre Niya Sibani, Mohammad Khatiri, S. Hosseini","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3065140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3065140","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main factors in making fundamental changes in Iran's economic environment can be the generalization of ownership of enterprises, financing through public participation and the privatization of government sectors and enterprises. In this context, the transparency and optimal quality of financial information, which is the basis of the optimal economic decisions of investors, creditors and, in general, users of information, is of particular importance. We aimed to investigate the fundamental effect of real profits management on stock returns with an emphasis on the quality of audit auditing with 16 underlying hypotheses and using the information of 123 companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011-2015. The results showed a significant relationship between earnings management and stock returns. On the other hand, research showed that the entry of audit quality variables led to re-approval of the model.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122836050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Fiscal Policy Affects Non-Oil Economic Performance in Azerbaijan? 财政政策如何影响阿塞拜疆非石油经济绩效?
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-09-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2884267
Khatai Aliyev, Orkhan Nadirov
{"title":"How Fiscal Policy Affects Non-Oil Economic Performance in Azerbaijan?","authors":"Khatai Aliyev, Orkhan Nadirov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2884267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2884267","url":null,"abstract":"The role of fiscal policy in promoting economic growth has been subject to many studies since its suggestion by Keynes who stated expansionary/contractionary impact of public expenditures/taxes. In this context, effectiveness of fiscal policy use to develop non-oil sector in resource rich economies should be studied. This paper investigates short- and long-run effects of budget expenditures and taxrelated budget revenues (direct transfers from oil fund excluded) over non-oil GDP while controlling for oil price volatility and oil production in case of Azerbaijan. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds Testing (ARDLBT) Approach to cointegration is employed for data covering 2000Q1-2015Q2. Estimation results theoretically consistent and statistically significant long-run effects of both budget expenditures and tax-related budget revenues. However, in the short-run, the effects are contrary to the theoretical expectations. Findings are useful for Azerbaijan fiscal policy makers especially in the current complicated nature of economic processes in the economy due to oil related challenges.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125020543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Access to Finance in Turkey 土耳其的融资渠道
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.1453/TER.V4I1.1239
Baybars Karacaovali
{"title":"Access to Finance in Turkey","authors":"Baybars Karacaovali","doi":"10.1453/TER.V4I1.1239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1453/TER.V4I1.1239","url":null,"abstract":"Access to finance is essential for a successful development and growth of the private sector. In the absence of finance, enterprises cannot develop, innovate, and compete with other firms in other countries which offer more favorable access to finance. This paper makes use of the Enterprise Survey conducted with a representative stratified random sample of 6,006 Turkish firms for the 2015 fiscal year to evaluate the access to finance conditions in the nation. Moreover, data from the Enterprise Surveys Database for a comparison group of countries and 2013 survey for Turkey are employed to put the current survey in perspective.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114464746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Performance of Banks in the MENA Region During the Global Financial Crisis 全球金融危机期间中东和北非地区银行的表现
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2784235
G. Caporale, S. Lodh, M. Nandy
{"title":"The Performance of Banks in the MENA Region During the Global Financial Crisis","authors":"G. Caporale, S. Lodh, M. Nandy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2784235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2784235","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the impact of the global financial crisis on the banking sector in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, as well as the main determinants of the profitability of both domestic and foreign banks. The empirical findings suggest that during the crisis the former outperformed the latter in that region. As for the determinants of profitability, size does not appear to play a role, whilst the liquidity ratio and net interest revenues seem to have a negative and positive effect respectively; GDP has a positive effect in the case of domestic banks.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133617481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 31
Does Speculation in the Oil Market Drive Investor Herding in Net Exporting Nations? 石油市场投机推动净出口国投资者趋同吗?
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-01-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2756997
M. Balcılar, Rıza Demirer, Talat Ulussever
{"title":"Does Speculation in the Oil Market Drive Investor Herding in Net Exporting Nations?","authors":"M. Balcılar, Rıza Demirer, Talat Ulussever","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2756997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2756997","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines whether speculation in the global oil market contributes to herd behavior in the stock markets of net exporting nations. Using firm level data from the Gulf Arab stock markets, we show that investors display herd behavior during periods of high volatility while anti-herding is prevalent during calm markets. Anti-herding in the stock market is also found to be positively related to speculative activities in the global oil market as investors use signals from the oil market in their trades by trading away from the market consensus. We argue that traders take the speculative signals from the oil market as a sign of positive expectations and try to generate superior profits by going against the crowd in their local market.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114627417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Empirical Asset Pricing – Saudi Stylized Facts and Evidence 经验资产定价-沙特风格的事实和证据
ERN: Middle East (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-12-15 DOI: 10.17265/2328-7144/2016.01.005
Wesam Mohamed Habib
{"title":"Empirical Asset Pricing – Saudi Stylized Facts and Evidence","authors":"Wesam Mohamed Habib","doi":"10.17265/2328-7144/2016.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2328-7144/2016.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"I estimate proxy specifications of (Fama and French, 2014) five-factor model to produce stylized facts of the Saudi capital market and test an APT model. The data set is the panel of 20 most actively traded firms, excluding firms with negative book value of equity. My contribution to the extant literature is three-fold: [1] organizing Saudi market data based on beta and firm-specific fundamentals, namely, growth, value, accounting earnings, and equity investments, [2] conducting a parsimony analysis within the theoretical framework of Merton’s (1973) APT, and [3] quantifying the information risk facing the marginal investor by decomposing earnings into cash flows and accruals and investigating respective loadings in an unrestricted version of the parsimonious specification. Proxy asset pricing specifications, though intuitively appealing, are scant due to lack of theoretical frameworks and misguided significance tests of factor loadings. Throughout, I address this issue and keep the empirical analysis under describing market facts and testing an APT model. The study concludes with a significant, empirical explanation that specifies average returns in terms of the covariance risk and accounting accruals.","PeriodicalId":174745,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Middle East (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114083802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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