JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH最新文献_第9页

ECO-FLORISTIC STUDY OF WEED FLORA OF MAIZE CROP IN DISTRICT SWABI,KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN 巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省斯瓦比地区玉米作物杂草区系生态区系研究

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.815

M. Anwar, N. Akhtar, S. Khalid, Hassan Zeb

引用次数: 2

FIRST RECORD ON HOST PLANTS AND TAXONOMICAL DESCRIPTION ON Aptopus opata (ELATERIDAE: CARDIOPHORINAE: CARDIOPHORINI) FROM SINDH PAKISTAN 巴基斯坦信德省第一份寄主植物记录及分类描述(栉蚜科:栉蚜科)

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.868

Shabana Mangi

{"title":"FIRST RECORD ON HOST PLANTS AND TAXONOMICAL DESCRIPTION ON Aptopus opata (ELATERIDAE: CARDIOPHORINAE: CARDIOPHORINI) FROM SINDH PAKISTAN","authors":"Shabana Mangi","doi":"10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.868","url":null,"abstract":"Aptopus Eschscholtz is a native of the Mexico sonar light trap Huachuca Mountain of south central Arizona. This species has been first time observed from district Khairpur Sindh province of Pakistan from (March 2018 to October 2019), these observation represent first record of this species from Sindh or Pakistan. This description and illustrations are provided for easy identification, they cause significant damage to crops, they are pest species and omnivores feeder, especially on maize crops, potatoes, tomatoes and germinating seeds, weeds and small grasses overall in worldwide, its larva is yellowish to brown in color, from damage use the granules insecticides at planting time will prevent from wireworm, Aptopus opata is a differ from the closely allied species on the basis of genitalial and morphological characteristics body lengthened, dark brown to blackish with densely punctuations, prontal angles lengthened, pointed, scutellum blackish spot like, legs lengthened, aedeagus wider than longer, base broader, lateral lobe parameres slightly bigonal, with have golden hairs, at apex, median lobe parameres, broad at basal, rapidly narrowing apically, hairs like structure view from the ventral aspects.","PeriodicalId":17469,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85255501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

SIGNIFICANCE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN ADDRESSING THE IMPACT DUE TO WEED INFESTATION ON MAJOR CROPS IN DISTRICT BAJAUR KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN 农业推广在解决巴基斯坦巴焦尔开伯尔普赫图赫瓦地区主要作物杂草影响方面的意义

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.899

S. Ullah

{"title":"SIGNIFICANCE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN ADDRESSING THE IMPACT DUE TO WEED INFESTATION ON MAJOR CROPS IN DISTRICT BAJAUR KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN","authors":"S. Ullah","doi":"10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.899","url":null,"abstract":"The current study investigated the impact of weeds on major seasonal crops in district Bajaur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The aim was to know the prevailing weed management system and encourage the farmers to integrate cultural practices with chemical control measures. A three stage stratified sampling technique was adopted to collect data from the selected respondents of through a well-designed interview schedule. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v 20) was used to analyze the primary cross-sectional data and the obtained findings were depicted in tables and figures. Descriptive statistics revealed that majority of the respondents i.e. 31.3% were of middle age with 63.9% illiteracy rate and 60.8% reported living in household size of 10 and above family members. Echinocloa crus-galli was the most invasive among Kharif weeds as reported by 26% respondents, while among Rabi weeds, Convolvulus arvensis was the most reported weed as mentioned by 21% respondents. The study established that maize and wheat are the main crops impacted by Kharif and Rabi weeds respectively, where mechanical weeding was the most applied control method adopted by 51.8% respondents, followed by chemical (42.2%) and manual weeding (6%) in the study area. Study observed a significant decrease in crops yield due to various weeds found in farmers’ fields. Effective extension services are needed to encourage farmers integrate cultural practices with chemical control management in order to get better crop yield and avoid environmental and human health hazards.","PeriodicalId":17469,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72902429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A, The Phytotoxic effects of Sonchus oleraceus L. on emergence and seedling growth of Echinocloa cruss-galli A、水蛭对刺槐出苗及幼苗生长的毒性作用

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.882

B. Khan, M. Nadeem, S. Anwar, R. Maqbool, M. Yasin, M. Amin, A. Aziz, M. Asif, M. S. Hayyat

{"title":"A, The Phytotoxic effects of Sonchus oleraceus L. on emergence and seedling growth of Echinocloa cruss-galli","authors":"B. Khan, M. Nadeem, S. Anwar, R. Maqbool, M. Yasin, M. Amin, A. Aziz, M. Asif, M. S. Hayyat","doi":"10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.882","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed to explore the phytotoxic potential of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the emergence and seedling growth of Echinocloa cruss-galli L. and quantification of allelochemicals present in leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus weed. The experiment comprised of aqueous extracts of leaf, roots and fruits applied at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8% (w/v) along with a control (0%). Data regarding seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight was recorded. All the tested concentrations of all parts of S. oleraceus significantly inhibited the seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage (%) and growth and delayed mean emergence time and time taken to 50% emergence of E. cruss-galli weed. However, maximum mean emergence time (5.20 days) and time taken to 50% emergence (3.49 days), were noted at 8% concentration of fruit and leaf aqueous extract, respectively. Fruit aqueous extract at 8% concentration caused the lowest germination index (1.70), germination percentage (40%), root length (0.09 cm), shoot length (0.45 cm) and dry weight (0.16 g) of E. cruss-galli. Results suggested that the extract of S. oleraceus weed at concentration (8%) can be used as potential bio-herbicide for the control of E. cruss-galli weed.","PeriodicalId":17469,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74621562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF POPPY (Papaver somniferum L.) ON EMERGENCE AND INITIAL SEEDLING GROWTH OF RED RICE (Oryza punctata L.) 罂粟的化感作用红稻出苗及苗期生长的研究

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.850

B. Khan, M. Nadeem, S. Afzal, M. A. Khan, Tasawar Abbas, A. Aziz, Syed Wasim Hasan, M. Amin, A. Aziz, Safdar Nazeer

{"title":"ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF POPPY (Papaver somniferum L.) ON EMERGENCE AND INITIAL SEEDLING GROWTH OF RED RICE (Oryza punctata L.)","authors":"B. Khan, M. Nadeem, S. Afzal, M. A. Khan, Tasawar Abbas, A. Aziz, Syed Wasim Hasan, M. Amin, A. Aziz, Safdar Nazeer","doi":"10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.850","url":null,"abstract":"Allelopathy plays crucial role in effective weed control. Opium (Papaver somniferum L.) crop release different allelochemicals at maturity which have potential to act as natural weeds control in different crops. Phytotoxic effect of Papaver somniferum was examined on germination and initial seedling growth of red rice (Oryza punctata L.). Aqueous extract of different plant parts (leaves, stem and flower) were used at various concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%) along with distilled water as control. The aqueous extracts of leaves, stem and flower of P. somniferum were significantly inhibited the emergence, seedling growth as well as root length (cm), shoot length (cm), fresh weight (g) and dry weight (g) of O. punctata. Maximum mean emergence time (9.18 days) and minimum shoot length (1.13 cm) whereas minimum emergence index (0.89) and emergence percentage (6.67%) was observed under fruit extract at 8% concentration. P. somniferum aqueous extract of stem at 8% concentration take maximum time to complete 50% emergence minimum root length, fresh weight, dry weight of O. punctata. Based on this finding it can be concluded that the phyto-chemicals present in P. somniferum at 8% concentration may cause losses to the related as well as succeeding weeds through allelopathy and must be removed from the field to avoid destructive effects of these weeds.","PeriodicalId":17469,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91400384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACT OF Cannabis sativa AGAINST Aspergillus flavipes 大麻叶提取物对黄曲霉的抗真菌活性研究

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.883

Iqra Khan, A. Javaid

引用次数: 8

HEXANE SOLUBLE BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS OF Chenopodium murale STEM 藜麦茎的己烷可溶性生物活性成分

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.875

S. F. Naqvi, Iqra Khan, A. Javaid

{"title":"HEXANE SOLUBLE BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS OF Chenopodium murale STEM","authors":"S. F. Naqvi, Iqra Khan, A. Javaid","doi":"10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.875","url":null,"abstract":"Chenopodium murale L. is a common winter weed mostly growing along the road-sides. In the present study, n-hexane soluble fraction of methanolic stem extract of this weed was subjected to GC-MS analysis that showed the presence of 28 compounds in this fraction. Major compounds included oleic acid (16.55%), palmitic acid (11.22%), β-sitosterol (9.63%), hexadecanoic acid (7.71%) and methyl oleate (5.90%). Other prominent compounds were piperine (4.75%), nonacosane (4.69%), monoplalmitin (4.21%), γ-sitosterol (3.91%), methyl linoleate (3.88%), neocurdione (3.86%) and ethanonone (3.25%). The compounds such as stigmasterol (2.92%), 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2.78%), tetracosanoic acid (1.19%), stearic acid (1.36%), tridecanoic acid (1.35%), tridecanal (1.30%), phytol (1.29%), docosanoic acid, methyl ester (1.23%), octadecanoic acid (1.20%), 4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid (1.05%), 2-hydroxy-2-phenylbutanamide (0.91%), hexacosanoic acid (0.76%), cholestrol (0.61%), methyl octacosanoate (0.55%) and tetracosanoic acid (0.30%) were present in low concentrations. A thorough literature survey showed that most of the identified compounds possessed antifungal and/or antibacterial properties while very few of them also possessed antioxidant potential. This study concludes that n-hexane soluble fraction of methanolic stem extract of C. murale is a big storehouse of antimicrobial compounds.","PeriodicalId":17469,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87504729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

SEED POLYMORPHISM OF RHYNCOSIA CAPITATA (ROTH) DC. ENHANCE ITS TOLERANCE TO VARYING TYPE AND INTENSITY OF SALT STRESSES 荆芥种子多态性研究。提高其对不同类型和强度盐胁迫的耐受性

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.852

T. Abbas

{"title":"SEED POLYMORPHISM OF RHYNCOSIA CAPITATA (ROTH) DC. ENHANCE ITS TOLERANCE TO VARYING TYPE AND INTENSITY OF SALT STRESSES","authors":"T. Abbas","doi":"10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.852","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing soil salinity due to climate change complicating weed management. Rhynchosia capitata is becoming an increasing problem in summer crops, such as cotton, soybean, pearl millet and mungbean worldwide. Study was conducted to evaluate the impact of four types of salts stresses (NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2 and NaHCO3) at six different levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM) on R. capitata seeds of different sizes including small, medium and large. Results revealed that R. capitata can germinate over a wide range of salt stress but as the salinity level was increased to 250 mM the germination percentage and seedling growth decreased significantly. Larger seeds have more potential to germinate and grow vigorously at an increased salt concentration as compared to medium and small seeds. Salt stress caused 40-73%, 59-96% and 40-100% inhibition in seed germination, seedling length and dry weight, respectively. Among various salt stresses CaCl2 showed less inhibition of R. capitata. The higher tolerance of this weed to wide range of salt stresses is alarming factor under current and anticipated increase in salinity, as it will disturb management plans by changing critical completion period and threshold level due to more adaptability of weed under stress than crop plants.","PeriodicalId":17469,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80568443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Biochar and integrated phosphorus management suppress weed density in maize crop 生物炭和磷综合管理可抑制玉米杂草密度

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.911

Salman Ali, M. Arif, Mehran Ali, M. Afzaal, Gohar Saeed, M. Bilal, Fazal Munsif

{"title":"Biochar and integrated phosphorus management suppress weed density in maize crop","authors":"Salman Ali, M. Arif, Mehran Ali, M. Afzaal, Gohar Saeed, M. Bilal, Fazal Munsif","doi":"10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.911","url":null,"abstract":"Weeds pose a significant threat to successful crop production. To meet the increasing future food demand, sustainable and efficient weed control remains a cornerstone practice. Usage of high doses of herbicides for killing weeds has created several ecological and environmental problems which cannot be overlooked. Therefore, other weed control practices and techniques should be adopted to minimize weed-crop competition and increase the growth and productivity of crop, instead of chemicals. An experiment was established at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar to evaluate the effects of biochar and organic-inorganic P sources on density, fresh and dry weight of weeds in maize during 2016. Experiment was executed using randomized complete block design and treatments included biochar (0 and 10 tonnes ha-1) and three sources of P; FYM, PM and one DAP. Phosphorus at the rate of 100 kg ha-1 was applied in such a way that each plot received 50, 75 and 100% P from PM or FYM and the rest from DAP. Biochar and P sources significantly affected density, fresh and dry weight of weeds at 25 and 50 days after sowing of crop. 10 tonnes ha-1 biochar reduced weed density and fresh and dry weight of weeds at both intervals i.e. 25 and 50 days after sowing. Similarly, lower weed density, weed fresh and dry weight with addition of PM or FYM and DAP in 50:50 ratios. Sole FYM and PM resulted in higher weed density and weeds fresh and dry biomass. It is concluded that 10 tons ha-1 biochar and P application 50% from FYM or PM and 50% from DAP improved maize growth and reduced weed competition.","PeriodicalId":17469,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81145009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THYMUS SERPYLLUM – A NOVEL BIOCONTROL AGENT AGAINST LEAF SPOT PATHOGENS OF SOLANUM MELONGENA 丝状胸腺——一种防治茄叶斑病的新型生物防治剂

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.898

S. Shafique, S. Shafique, Sonia Sahar

{"title":"THYMUS SERPYLLUM – A NOVEL BIOCONTROL AGENT AGAINST LEAF SPOT PATHOGENS OF SOLANUM MELONGENA","authors":"S. Shafique, S. Shafique, Sonia Sahar","doi":"10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.898","url":null,"abstract":"Solanum melongena L. production is facing a lot of threats in Pakistan which are responsible for its low productivity. Like many other diseases; leaf spot is very important due to its significant yield losses. Therefore, control of this disease is obligatory to reduce the causal agent lower than commercial thresh hold level. Biological mean provides safe fungal management program. Presently, the research was under taken to ascertain the antitoxic effect of Thymus serpyllum against eggplant leaf spot pathogens i.e., Exserohilum rostratum, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Curvularia clavata. For this, 10 concentrations of methanolic plant extract (0.5% to 5%) were employed against the pathogens. Data analysis depicted that development of all the pathogens was greatly inhibited by all the concentrations while 5% concentration found to be the utmost operative in subduing the growth of all the pathogens. C. clavata was found to be the most susceptible among all the pathogens. In pot trials, protective assays proved more pronounced in controlling the disease. The work concludes that organic extract of T. serpyllum has stable compounds having ability to inhibit the damaging properties of pathogens. This fact guides towards biocontrol using such plants against the phytopathogens in a vast range. The study can be extended to isolate and purify the compounds and its production on commercial scale to manage these pathogens in vast fields.","PeriodicalId":17469,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75964809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0