{"title":"Development and optimization of an MTConnect based edge computing node for remote monitoring in cyber manufacturing systems","authors":"S. Sunny, Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Md Rakib Shahriar","doi":"10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00014","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, MTConnect has emerged as a potential communication standard for cyber manufacturing (CM) domain by establishing remote monitoring of manufacturing processes through XML based data reporting structure and RESTful services. This paper presents the development and optimization of an MTConnect based edge computing node in service-oriented CM systems by utilizing data caching and processing at the edge. Unlike MTConnect agents, proposed MTConnect Edge Nodes (MENs) not only convert collected machining data to XML messages and host RESTful services, but also perform as an edge node by adopting a “hold-until-changed” approach for deciding which data to store and by keeping tracks of previously transmitted data to its clients to determine which data to transmit to whom and when. The primary objective is to minimize data storage requirements and cost while enabling rapid transmission and low bandwidth usage without increasing information loss. This paper describes the architecture of an MEN and its data caching and transmission strategies in details. Experiments were conducted in a CM testbed with three machine tools, raspberry pis hosting MENs and MTConnect agents, and two client applications to evaluate MEN’s performance with respect to the conventional approach. Results showed 96.2 percent reduction in required storage size with 52.5 percent reduction in average communication latency and 99.5 percent reduction in average message size for proposed MEN in different manufacturing scenarios.","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130594288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ICFC 2020 Commentary","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/icfc49376.2020.00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icfc49376.2020.00002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"299 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116524812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ICFC 2020 TOC","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/icfc49376.2020.00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icfc49376.2020.00004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131869016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"R-MStorm: A Resilient Mobile Stream Processing System for Dynamic Edge Networks","authors":"M. Chao, R. Stoleru","doi":"10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00018","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile Stream Processing (MSP) provides a promising approach to run computation-intensive stream applications, e.g., video face recognition, on a cluster of mobile devices at the edge. However, the performance of MSP is severely restricted by the fluctuating bandwidth and intermittent connectivity of the wireless networks connecting those devices. Therefore, to achieve a good MSP performance, implementing a resilient MSP system that adapts to dynamic edge networks is essential.In this paper, we present R-MStorm, a resilient MSP system deployed at the edge. R-MStorm improves the system survivability by (1) assigning tasks to mobile devices with higher availability to improve the availability of whole system; (2) assigning tasks of the same application components to different devices to increase the diversity of physical stream paths. Besides, to efficiently divide the output of upstream tasks to downstream tasks, R-MStorm adopts adaptive stream grouping, which considers both the transmission rate to and processing rate at each downstream task. Moreover, to alleviate congestion caused by network disconnection and stream redirection, adaptive stream selection is applied to skip some data to achieve a short response time.We conduct extensive experiments on R-MStorm by executing a video face recognition App under different network conditions. The experimental results show that, compared with baseline approaches, R-MStorm achieves up to 1.5x higher throughput, 75% lower response time, at a cost of 3.3% accuracy loss.","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128968986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mennan Selimi, L. Navarro, B. Braem, Felix Freitag, Adisorn Lertsinsrubtavee
{"title":"Towards Information-Centric Edge Platform for Mesh Networks: The Case of CityLab Testbed","authors":"Mennan Selimi, L. Navarro, B. Braem, Felix Freitag, Adisorn Lertsinsrubtavee","doi":"10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00016","url":null,"abstract":"By leveraging resources from the Fed4Fire+ City-Lab testbed, we design the PiGeon edge computing platform that experiments solution that enable ICN based edge services in wireless mesh networks (WMNs). PiGeon combines into a platform several trends in edge computing namely the ICN (Information-Centric Networking), the containerization of services exemplified by Docker, novel service placement algorithms and the increasing availability of energy efficient but still powerful hardware at user premises (Raspberry Pi, mini-PCs, and enhanced home gateways). We underpin the PiGeon platform with Docker container-based service that can be seamlessly delivered, cached and deployed at the network edge. The core of the PiGeon platform is the Decision Engine making a decision on where and when to deploy a service instance to satisfy the service requirements while considering the network status and available hardware resources.We collect network data from a real citywide mesh network such as CityLab FIRE testbed located at the city of Antwerp, Belgium. The collected data is used to feed our service placement heuristic within the PiGeon platform. Through a real deployment in CityLab testbed, we show that our service placement heuristic improves the response time up to 37% for stateful services (Web2.0 service). Apart from improving the QoS for end-users, our results show that ICN plays a key role in improving the service delivery time as well as reducing the traffic consumption in WMNs. The overall effect of ICN in our platform is that most content and service delivery requests can be satisfied very close to the client device, many times just one hop away, decoupling QoS from intra-network traffic and origin server load.","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124130701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Foreword to the ICFC 2020 Proceedings","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/icfc49376.2020.00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icfc49376.2020.00005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133483456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"tinyFaaS: A Lightweight FaaS Platform for Edge Environments","authors":"Tobias Pfandzelter, David Bermbach","doi":"10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00011","url":null,"abstract":"The Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) model is a great fit for data and event processing in the Internet of Things (IoT). Sending all data to a cloud-based FaaS platform, however, may cause performance and privacy issues. While these issues could be mitigated using edge computing, existing FaaS approaches, designed for the cloud, are too heavyweight to run on small, constrained edge nodes.In this paper, we propose tinyFaaS, a new FaaS system that is specifically designed for edge environments and their unique challenges. Our platform is lightweight enough to run on low-performance single machine edge nodes, provides a CoAP endpoint to support communication with low-power devices, and uses Docker containers to isolate tenants. We evaluate tinyFaaS through a proof-of-concept implementation that we benchmark and compare to state-of-the-art FaaS platforms. For IoT processing scenarios, we find that tinyFaaS outperforms existing systems by at least an order of magnitude.","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116053564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Hasenburg, Florian Stanek, Florian Tschorsch, David Bermbach
{"title":"Managing Latency and Excess Data Dissemination in Fog-Based Publish/Subscribe Systems","authors":"Jonathan Hasenburg, Florian Stanek, Florian Tschorsch, David Bermbach","doi":"10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00010","url":null,"abstract":"Today, communication between IoT devices heavily relies on fog-based publish/subscribe (pub/sub) systems. Communicating via the cloud, however, results in a latency that is too high for many IoT applications. In this paper, we describe the design of a fog-based pub/sub system that integrates edge resources to improve communication latency between end devices in proximity. To this end, geo-distributed broker instances organize themselves in dynamically sized broadcast groups. Each broadcast group comprises a set of well connected edge brokers that communicate directly using flooding. This minimizes communication latency and copes well with frequently updated subscriptions and mobile end devices, which is required by many IoT applications. Messages between broadcast groups are routed via a massively scalable fog broker that pre-filters messages to reduce excess data dissemination. Our approach, therefore, manages the tradeoff between latency and excess data.","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134125730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joint Power Allocation for Non-orthogonal Multiple Access in Wireless Backhaul Networks","authors":"Xiaoqi Yang, Cunqing Hua, Pengwenlong Gu, Wenchao Xu","doi":"10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFC49376.2020.00013","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose to adopt the Non-orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technique to improve the spectrum efficiency for both the downlink and uplink transmissions in the wireless backhaul networks. We consider two decoding strategies and formulate the joint power allocation problem for both scenarios. Due to the coupling between the backhaul and access transmission stages, the transmission power should be carefully allocated in both stages so that the overall throughput can be maximized. We present the convex-concave procedure(CCP) to address the non-convex problem. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed schemes are effective in improving the throughput and outperforms the conventional orthogonal multiple access(OMA) scheme under different network settings.","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128777400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ICFC 2020 Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/icfc49376.2020.00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icfc49376.2020.00020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":173977,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Fog Computing (ICFC)","volume":"98 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122374987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}